{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T06:46:53Z","timestamp":1790923613957,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oxyberberine (OBB) is a naturally occurring isoquinoline alkaloid that is believed to possess various health-promoting properties, including anti-fungus, hepatoprotection, anti-inflammation, and anti-intestinal mucositis effects. Despite several studies reporting the health benefits of OBB in treating ulcerative colitis (UC), its specific mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>This investigation is designed to explore the potential protective efficacy of OBB and the latent mechanism using an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> model of UC-like inflammatory intestinal cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Caco-2 cells were pretreated with OBB and subsequently exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), paracellular permeability, and the distribution and expression of tight- and adherent junction proteins were determined to assess barrier integrity. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), Nrf2, and NF-\u03baB signaling cascade were analyzed via ELISA, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, or Western blotting.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>OBB was found to mitigate the effects of LPS on Caco-2 cell monolayers, as evidenced by the improvement in TEER and the decrease in FITC-dextran flux. Moreover, OBB ameliorated the LPS-induced decrease in the distribution and expression of several tight junction markers, including ZO-1, occludin, and E-cadherin. In addition, OBB treatment effectively inhibited LPS-induced increases in ROS, apoptosis, and Keap1 and decreases in Nrf2 and HO-1. LPS-induced elevations in nuclear NF-\u03baB p65 and p-I\u03baB\u03b1 were suppressed by OBB. In addition, ML385, an antagonist of Nrf2, abolished the protective role of OBB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>OBB has a pronounced beneficial effect on LPS-induced damage to enteral barrier function, and the regulation of the Nrf2\/NF-\u03baB pathway is an important mechanism responsible for the protection afforded by OBB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1496874","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T07:42:03Z","timestamp":1736235723000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Oxyberberine alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal barrier disruption and inflammation in human colonic Caco-2 cells in vitro"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Cailan","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongmei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110165","article-title":"Levetiracetam attenuates experimental ulcerative colitis through promoting Nrf2\/HO-1 antioxidant and inhibiting NF-\u03baB, proinflammatory cytokines and iNOS\/NO pathways","volume":"119","author":"Amirshahrokhi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. 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