{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:14:41Z","timestamp":1782386081883,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune demyelinating disorder predominantly affecting the white matter of the central nervous system, with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) serving as its classical animal model. Irisin, a glycosylated protein derived from the proteolytic cleavage of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5, plays a significant role in metabolic regulation and inflammatory modulation within the organism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we systematically investigated the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanism of Irisin on EAE and BV2 microglial cells through comprehensive methodologies including quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence staining and western blot.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Irisin exerts neuroprotective effects in EAE mice, significantly ameliorating both clinical and pathological manifestations of the disease. Mechanistically, Irisin attenuated inflammatory response and reduced the number of microglia through NF-\u03baBp65 signaling pathway.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In conclusion, these results collectively suggest that Irisin alleviates EAE progression by suppressing microglia activation via the NF-\u03baBp65 pathway, highlighting its potential as a promising therapeutic target for multiple sclerosis treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1561939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T05:25:17Z","timestamp":1745904317000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Irisin restrains neuroinflammation in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via regulating microglia activation"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Qiu-Xia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin-Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001045","article-title":"Microglia in multiple sclerosis - pathogenesis and imaging","volume":"35","author":"Airas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. 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