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As a prevalent peripheral vascular disease, LL-IRI results in local tissue damage and triggers systemic inflammatory responses that can lead to multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome, as well as multiorgan failure and death in severe cases. Despite its clinical significance, the mechanisms underlying IRI remain poorly understood, and no specific targeted drugs or effective emergency interventions are currently available. Therefore, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of the domestic and international literature published over the past decade regarding the disease definition, pathogenesis, and therapeutic advances in LL-IRI. It summarizes current pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions, including antioxidant stress management, anti-inflammatory approaches, and oxidative stress reduction strategies. 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