{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T04:22:29Z","timestamp":1793247749224,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":137,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ischemic stroke remains a leading global cause of mortality and long-term disability, imposing substantial health and economic burdens on society. Although interventions such as intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy have proven effective, their narrow therapeutic time window restricts accessibility for many patients. Post-ischemic brain injury is significantly driven by a cascade involving inflammatory cells and mediators, culminating in an \u201cinflammatory storm\u201d that damages neuronal cells. Consequently, targeting neuroinflammation following ischemic stroke to explore potential therapeutic strategies is of paramount importance. Natural plant compounds, bioactive constituents derived from plants, demonstrate considerable promise for ischemic stroke treatment, with many exhibiting potent neuroinflammation-modulating activities. This review synthesizes current research on natural plant compounds targeting post-ischemic stroke neuroinflammation and elucidates their underlying mechanisms of action. It aims to offer insights for developing plant-derived therapeutics specifically targeting neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1603417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T05:30:54Z","timestamp":1752816654000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Modulation of neuroinflammation by natural plant compounds: a promising approach for ischemic stroke"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Pingping","family":"Niu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yonggang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binghao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quanming","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuntao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15030281","article-title":"Lipid nanocarriers overlaid with chitosan for brain delivery of berberine via the nasal route","volume":"15","author":"Abo El-Enin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.10.018","article-title":"Natural compounds modulate the autophagy with potential implication of stroke","volume":"11","author":"Ahsan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2021.114140","article-title":"A validated UHPLC-MS\/MS method for pharmacokinetic and brain distribution studies of twenty constituents in rat after oral administration of Jia-Wei-Qi-Fu-Yin","volume":"202","author":"An","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.2174\/0113895575299721240227070032","article-title":"Tanshinone IIA against cerebral ischemic stroke and Ischemia- reperfusion injury: a review of the current documents","volume":"24","author":"Arefnezhad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mini Rev. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1038\/513481a","article-title":"Chemistry: chemical con artists foil drug discovery","volume":"513","author":"Baell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-025-05331-9","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of gastrodin in preventing postoperative delirium following cardiac surgery: a randomized placebo controlled clinical trial","volume":"29","author":"Bai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit. Care"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1038\/541144a","article-title":"Deceptive curcumin offers cautionary tale for chemists","volume":"541","author":"Baker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-022-07698-y","article-title":"Curcumin modulates neurogliogenesis and purinergic receptor expression in neural precursor cells infected with Toxoplasma gondii","volume":"122","author":"Bissacotti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-019-0284-y","article-title":"The lncRNA Malat1 functions as a ceRNA to contribute to berberine-mediated inhibition of HMGB1 by sponging miR-181c-5p in poststroke inflammation","volume":"41","author":"Cao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13071029","article-title":"Tanshinone IIA and cryptotanshinone counteract inflammation by regulating gene and miRNA expression in human SGBS adipocytes","volume":"13","author":"Carpi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.05.088","article-title":"Tetramethylpyrazine inhibits neutrophil activation following permanent cerebral ischemia in rats","volume":"463","author":"Chang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692061","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.692061","article-title":"New insight into neutrophils: a potential therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109290","article-title":"Cycloastragenol suppresses M1 and promotes M2 polarization in LPS-Stimulated BV-2 cells and ischemic stroke mice","volume":"113","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-015-4352-3","article-title":"Protective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on integrity of blood-brain barrier following cerebral ischemia","volume":"233","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. Brain Res."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e40165","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040165","article-title":"Neuroprotection of tanshinone IIA against cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury through inhibition of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in rats","volume":"7","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11678","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms231911678","article-title":"Resveratrol mitigates oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced inflammation, NLRP3 inflammasome, and oxidative stress in 3D neuronal culture","volume":"23","author":"Chiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2016.09.006","article-title":"Salvianolic acid A alleviates ischemic brain injury through the inhibition of inflammation and apoptosis and the promotion of neurogenesis in mice","volume":"99","author":"Chien","year":"2016","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s13048-024-01391-7","article-title":"The impact of resveratrol on the outcome of the in vitro fertilization: an exploratory randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Conforti","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ovarian Res."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-021-00731-6","article-title":"Icariin enhance mild hypothermia-induced neuroprotection via inhibiting the activation of NF-\u03baB in experimental ischemic stroke","volume":"36","author":"Dai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9540","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179540","article-title":"Gastrodin, a promising natural small molecule for the treatment of central nervous system disorders, and its recent progress in synthesis, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics","volume":"25","author":"Dai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-022-00943-7","article-title":"Inflammatory responses after ischemic stroke","volume":"44","author":"DeLong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110047","article-title":"Astrocytes-derived exosomes pre-treated by berberine inhibit neuroinflammation after stroke via miR-182-5p\/Rac1 pathway","volume":"118","author":"Ding","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2615","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of Tanshinone IIA on permanent focal cerebral ischemia in mice","volume":"23","author":"Dong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-019-00687-3","article-title":"Neuroprotection of resveratrol against focal cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury in mice through a mechanism targeting gut-brain axis","volume":"39","author":"Dou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154432","article-title":"LC-MS\/MS combined with blood-brain dual channel microdialysis for simultaneous determination of active components of astragali radix-safflower combination and neurotransmitters in rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury: application in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study","volume":"106","author":"Du","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16010009","article-title":"Berberine mediates the production of butyrate to ameliorate cerebral ischemia via the gut microbiota in mice","volume":"16","author":"Duan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110458","article-title":"Salidroside as a potential neuroprotective agent for ischemic stroke: a review of sources, pharmacokinetics, mechanism and safety","volume":"129","author":"Fan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2017.11.027","article-title":"Mechanism of salvianolic acid B neuroprotection against ischemia\/reperfusion induced cerebral injury","volume":"1679","author":"Fan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930241308142","article-title":"World stroke organization: global stroke fact sheet 2025","volume":"20","author":"Feigin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Stroke"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1435","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2017.114","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic and metabolomic analyses of the neuroprotective effects of salvianolic acid A in a rat ischemic stroke model","volume":"38","author":"Feng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-019-0125-y","article-title":"The neuroprotective mechanisms of ginkgolides and bilobalide in cerebral ischemic injury: a literature review","volume":"25","author":"Feng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Med."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01361-1","article-title":"Age-related immune alterations and cerebrovascular inflammation","volume":"27","author":"Finger","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4079","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28104079","article-title":"Evaluation of the biological properties of an optimized extract of Polygonum cuspidatum using ultrasonic-assisted extraction","volume":"28","author":"Fletes-Vargas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7199","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.57745","article-title":"Triptolide: pharmacological spectrum, biosynthesis, chemical synthesis and derivatives","volume":"11","author":"Gao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.04.028","article-title":"Tetramethylpyrazine attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption in ischemia\/reperfusion injury through the JAK\/STAT signaling pathway","volume":"854","author":"Gong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287857","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1287857","article-title":"Mechanisms of immune response and cell death in ischemic stroke and their regulation by natural compounds","volume":"14","author":"Gong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2012.07.016","article-title":"Inhibition of NF-\u03baB activation is associated with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects of ginkgolide B in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"47","author":"Gu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-024-00914-0","article-title":"Salvianolic acid C attenuates cerebral ischemic injury through inhibiting neuroinflammation via the TLR4-TREM1-NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"19","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2023.114578","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome activation after ischemic stroke","volume":"452","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X23500180","article-title":"Baicalin reduces immune cell infiltration by inhibiting inflammation and protecting tight junctions in ischemic stroke injury","volume":"51","author":"Hao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Chin. Med."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2820","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00642-1","article-title":"Stroke","volume":"403","author":"Hilkens","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci14080781","article-title":"A combination of astragaloside IV and hydroxysafflor yellow A attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3\/Caspase-1\/GSDMD pathway","volume":"14","author":"Hou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2024.107100","article-title":"Novel nano-drug delivery system for natural products and their application","volume":"201","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"676392","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.676392","article-title":"Ginkgolide B alleviates learning and memory impairment in rats with vascular dementia by reducing neuroinflammation via regulating NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1516-2","article-title":"Neuroinflammation: friend and foe for ischemic stroke","volume":"16","author":"Jayaraj","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578544","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2025.578544","article-title":"Salidroside attenuates cognitive deficits induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via modulating microglial phenotypic transformation in mice","volume":"400","author":"Ji","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710358","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.710358","article-title":"Tetramethylpyrazine preserves the integrity of blood-brain barrier associated with upregulation of MCPIP1 in a murine model of focal ischemic stroke","volume":"12","author":"Jin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2024.155635","article-title":"Curcumin-primed olfactory mucosa-derived mesenchymal stem cells mitigate cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury-induced neuronal PANoptosis by modulating microglial polarization","volume":"129","author":"Lan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14771","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241914771","article-title":"Ursolic acid alleviates neuroinflammation after intracerebral hemorrhage by mediating microglial pyroptosis via the NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3\/GSDMD pathway","volume":"24","author":"Lei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599543","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.599543","article-title":"Baicalin attenuates oxygen-glucose Deprivation\/reoxygenation-induced injury by modulating the BDNF-TrkB\/PI3K\/Akt and MAPK\/Erk1\/2 signaling axes in neuron-astrocyte cocultures","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3173","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S300379","article-title":"Triblock copolymer nanomicelles loaded with curcumin attenuates inflammation via inhibiting the NF-\u03baB pathway in the rat model of cerebral ischemia","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2012.12.056","article-title":"Hydroxysafflor yellow A suppresses inflammatory responses of BV2 microglia after oxygen-glucose deprivation","volume":"535","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2020.107335","article-title":"Astragaloside IV promotes microglia\/macrophages M2 polarization and enhances neurogenesis and angiogenesis through PPAR\u03b3 pathway after cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury in rats","volume":"92","author":"Li","year":"","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2022.10.011","article-title":"Ligustrazine exerts neuroprotective effects via circ_0008146\/miR-709\/Cx3cr1 axis to inhibit cell apoptosis and inflammation after cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury","volume":"190","author":"Li","year":"","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802047","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.802047","article-title":"Suppressing NK cells by astragaloside IV protects against acute ischemic stroke in mice via inhibiting STAT3","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2022.2064564","article-title":"Preparation of baicalin-loaded ligand-modified nanoparticles for nose-to-brain delivery for neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia","volume":"29","author":"Li","year":"","journal-title":"Drug Deliv."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajps.2023.100783","article-title":"Selective ischemic-hemisphere targeting ginkgolide B liposomes with improved solubility and therapeutic efficacy for cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Asian J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2021.153569","article-title":"Salvianolic acid A alleviated inflammatory response mediated by microglia through inhibiting the activation of TLR2\/4 in acute cerebral ischemia-reperfusion","volume":"87","author":"Ling","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-21-5752","article-title":"Salidroside inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and apoptosis in microglia induced by cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury by inhibiting the TLR4\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3203","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.34.004","article-title":"Puerarin partly counteracts the inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion via activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway","volume":"8","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15872","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e15872","article-title":"Efficacy of puerarin in rats with focal cerebral ischemia through modulation of the SIRT1\/HIF-1\u03b1\/VEGF signaling pathway and its effect on synaptic plasticity","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00233","article-title":"Curcumin protects against ischemic stroke by titrating microglia\/macrophage polarization","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149642","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2025.149642","article-title":"Baicalin liposomes ameliorate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute lung injury by modulating the inflammatory response","volume":"1859","author":"Long","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104795","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.104795","article-title":"Nose to brain drug delivery - a promising strategy for active components from herbal medicine for treating cerebral ischemia reperfusion","volume":"159","author":"Long","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X231206236","article-title":"Effect and mechanisms of resveratrol in animal models of ischemic stroke: a systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"L\u00f3pez-Morales","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2025.110296","article-title":"Baicalin ameliorates neuroinflammation by targeting TLR4\/MD2 complex on microglia via PI3K\/AKT\/NF-\u03baB signaling pathway","volume":"267","author":"Lu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2015.05.002","article-title":"Salvianolic acid B attenuates apoptosis and inflammation via SIRT1 activation in experimental stroke rats","volume":"115","author":"Lv","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2021.1991959","article-title":"Icariin inhibits the expression of IL-1\u03b2, IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1 induced by OGD\/R through the IRE1\/XBP1s pathway in microglia","volume":"59","author":"Mo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2023.113690","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through inhibiting the inflammation activation of microglia","volume":"430","author":"Mohebbati","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2301348","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202301348","article-title":"Ligustrazine nanoparticle hitchhiking on neutrophils for enhanced therapy of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"10","author":"Mu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh)"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2023.2203857","article-title":"Approaching strategy to increase the oral bioavailability of berberine, a Quaternary ammonium isoquinoline alkaloid: part 1. Physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties","volume":"19","author":"Murakami","year":"2023","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Metab. Toxicol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.5114\/fn.2020.102435","article-title":"Triptolide mediates Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signalling pathway to reduce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats","volume":"58","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Folia Neuropathol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-015-1513-5","article-title":"Gastrodin alleviates cerebral ischemic damage in mice by improving anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation activities and inhibiting apoptosis pathway","volume":"40","author":"Peng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-022-01067-x","article-title":"A contemporary review of epidemiology, risk factors, etiology, and outcomes of premature stroke","volume":"24","author":"Potter","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Atheroscler. Rep."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108656","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108656","article-title":"Bibliometric analysis of research progress on tetramethylpyrazine and its effects on ischemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"259","author":"Qi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2015.11.026","article-title":"Validated LC-MS\/MS method for simultaneous quantification of resveratrol levels in mouse plasma and brain and its application to pharmacokinetic and brain distribution studies","volume":"119","author":"Ramalingam","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14010044","article-title":"Icariin: a promising natural product in biomedicine and tissue engineering","volume":"14","author":"Seyedi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Funct. Biomater."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914630","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.914630","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of natural products on cerebral ischemia","volume":"13","author":"Shang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109021","article-title":"Salvianolic acid C improves cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury through suppressing microglial cell M1 polarization and promoting cerebral angiogenesis","volume":"110","author":"Shen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1080\/00498254.2019.1668983","article-title":"Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics of hydroxysafflor yellow A in patients with traumatic brain injury after intravenous administration of xuebijing using LC-MS\/MS method","volume":"50","author":"Sheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Xenobiotica"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1007\/s12975-018-0658-3","article-title":"Complement complex C5b-9 levels are associated with the clinical outcomes of acute ischemic stroke and carotid plaque stability","volume":"10","author":"Si","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Stroke Res."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.3558","article-title":"Determination of salvianolic acid C in rat plasma using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and its application to pharmacokinetic study","volume":"30","author":"Song","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.08.135","article-title":"Baicalein as a potent neuroprotective agent: a review","volume":"95","author":"Sowndhararajan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2534","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21072534","article-title":"In silico studies on triterpenoid saponins permeation through the blood-brain barrier combined with postmortem research on the brain tissues of mice affected by astragaloside IV administration","volume":"21","author":"St\u0119pnik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/s1875-5364(22)60204-8","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rb1 improves brain, lung, and intestinal barrier damage in middle cerebral artery occlusion\/reperfusion (MCAO\/R) micevia the PPAR\u03b3 signaling pathway","volume":"20","author":"Su","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-020-00298-8","article-title":"Antagonistic effects of IL-17 and astragaloside IV on cortical neurogenesis and cognitive behavior after stroke in adult mice through Akt\/GSK-3\u03b2 pathway","volume":"6","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2008.07.044","article-title":"Strong complement activation after acute ischemic stroke is associated with unfavorable outcomes","volume":"204","author":"Sz\u00e9plaki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"B88","first-page":"424","article-title":"Astragaloside IV attenuates cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury and reduces activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-\u03baB phosphorylation in rats following a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion","volume":"71","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sheng Li Xue Bao"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnrt.2024.100106","article-title":"Inhibition of P2X7R alleviates neuroinflammation and brain edema after traumatic brain injury by suppressing the NF-\u03baB\/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway","volume":"12","author":"Tao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neurorestoratology"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2020.107695","article-title":"Natural medicine in neuroprotection for ischemic stroke: challenges and prospective","volume":"216","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2023.11.004","article-title":"PPAR agonists for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases","volume":"45","author":"Titus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10061270","article-title":"Brain protective effect of resveratrol via ameliorating Interleukin-1\u03b2-Induced MMP-9-Mediated disruption of ZO-1 arranged integrity","volume":"10","author":"Tsai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110332","article-title":"Neuroinflammation and peripheral immunity: focus on ischemic stroke","volume":"120","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091498","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.1091498","article-title":"The roles of chemokines following intracerebral hemorrhage in animal models and humans","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2018.01.136","article-title":"Protective effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 in cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury in mice","volume":"99","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16030458","article-title":"The negative impact of triptolide on the immune function of human natural killer cells","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"key":"B97","first-page":"5343","article-title":"Gastrodin improves the neurological score in MCAO rats by inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis, promoting revascularization","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Pathol."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apha.2019.10.001","article-title":"Pharmacological properties of tanshinones, the natural products from Salvia miltiorrhiza","volume":"87","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Adv. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5039","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S459867","article-title":"Curcumin alleviates osteoarthritis through the p38MAPK pathway: network pharmacological prediction and experimental confirmation","volume":"17","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-016-0384-5","article-title":"Salvianolic acid B ameliorates cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury through inhibiting TLR4\/MyD88 signaling pathway","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-019-03668-8","article-title":"Curcumin amends Ca(2+) dysregulation in microglia by suppressing the activation of P2X7 receptor","volume":"465","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biochem."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-017-0573-x","article-title":"Salidroside inhibits inflammation through PI3K\/Akt\/HIF signaling after focal cerebral ischemia in rats","volume":"40","author":"Wei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1097\/wnr.0000000000000559","article-title":"Tanshinone IIA increases levels of NeuN, protein disulfide isomerase, and Na+\/K+-ATPase and decreases evidence of microglial activation after cerebral ischemic injury","volume":"27","author":"Wen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4930","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.2c00847","article-title":"Ligustrazine-loaded borneol liposome alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats","volume":"8","author":"Wen","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-023-01463-0","article-title":"Review on pharmacological effects of gastrodin","volume":"46","author":"Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9925561","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9925561","article-title":"Astragaloside IV alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis inhibition via activating Nrf2","volume":"2021","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116772","article-title":"The protective effect of an extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge (danshen) on cerebral ischemic injury in animal models: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"317","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116140","article-title":"The role and therapeutic potential of nuclear factor \u03baB (NF-\u03baB) in ischemic stroke","volume":"171","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2017.02.011","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of salvianolic acid B against cerebral ischemic injury in rats via the CD40\/NF-\u03baB pathway associated with suppression of platelets activation and neuroinflammation","volume":"1661","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433590","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1433590","article-title":"Targeting post-stroke neuroinflammation with salvianolic acid A: molecular mechanisms and preclinical evidence","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250918","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1250918","article-title":"Advancements in research on the immune-inflammatory mechanisms mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome in ischemic stroke and the regulatory role of natural plant products","volume":"15","author":"Yang","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11633","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S487628","article-title":"Curcumin-loaded gelatin nanoparticles cross the blood-brain barrier to treat ischemic stroke by attenuating oxidative stress and neuroinflammation","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0309598","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0309598","article-title":"Curcumin alleviates heatstroke-induced liver injury in dry-heat environments by inhibiting the expression of NF-\u03baB, iNOS, and ICAM-1 in rats","volume":"19","author":"Yang","year":"","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799448","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.799448","article-title":"Network pharmacology and molecular docking-based mechanism study to reveal the protective effect of salvianolic acid C in a rat model of ischemic stroke","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116982","article-title":"Ginkgolide B attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via inhibition of ferroptosis through disrupting NCOA4-FTH1 interaction","volume":"318","author":"Yang","year":"","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.13.51","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rd for acute ischemic stroke: translating from bench to bedside","volume":"13","author":"Ye","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Neurother."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1080\/10717544.2016.1259372","article-title":"Enhancing both oral bioavailability and brain penetration of puerarin using borneol in combination with preparation technologies","volume":"24","author":"Yi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Deliv."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101610","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trim.2022.101610","article-title":"Hydroxysafflower yellow A alleviates HK-2 cells injury in cold hypoxia\/reoxygenation via mitochondrial apoptosis","volume":"74","author":"Yi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transpl. Immunol."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.5114\/fn.2024.134300","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates mouse cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion induced neurological impairments through modulation of microglial polarization","volume":"62","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Folia Neuropathol."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114542","article-title":"Multidrug-loaded liposomes prevent ischemic stroke through intranasal administration","volume":"162","author":"Yu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S1875-5364(21)60016-X","article-title":"The effects of borneol on the pharmacokinetics and brain distribution of tanshinone IIA, salvianolic acid B and ginsenoside Rg1 in fufang danshen preparation in rats","volume":"19","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113012","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113012","article-title":"Gastrodin against oxidative stress-inflammation crosstalk via inhibiting mtDNA\/TLR9 and JAK2\/STAT3 signaling to ameliorate ischemic stroke injury","volume":"141","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9049614","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/9049614","article-title":"Salvianolic acid D alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing the cytoplasmic translocation and release of HMGB1-Triggered NF-\u03baB activation to inhibit inflammatory response","volume":"2020","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/S1875-5364(18)30046-3","article-title":"Salvianolic acid A attenuates ischemia reperfusion induced rat brain damage by protecting the blood brain barrier through MMP-9 inhibition and anti-inflammation","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1830","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-019-01045-7","article-title":"Salidroside reduces inflammation and brain injury after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats by regulating PI3K\/PKB\/Nrf2\/NF\u03baB signaling rather than complement C3 activity","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14456","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14456","article-title":"Neutral polysaccharide from Gastrodia elata alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting ferroptosis-mediated neuroinflammation via the NRF2\/HO-1 signaling pathway","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2024.107527","article-title":"The therapeutic effects of salvianolic acids on ischemic stroke: from molecular mechanisms to clinical applications","volume":"210","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579332","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.579332","article-title":"Hydroxysafflor yellow A: a systematical review on botanical resources, physicochemical properties, drug delivery system, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological effects","volume":"11","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2021.5070","article-title":"Neuronal injuries in cerebral infarction and ischemic stroke: from mechanisms to treatment (review)","volume":"49","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.13645","article-title":"Icariin attenuates ischaemic stroke through suppressing inflammation mediated by endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling pathway in rats","volume":"49","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.02.018","article-title":"Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates protein aggregation and inflammatory response following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury","volume":"853","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.12.028","article-title":"Tanshinone IIA attenuates the cerebral ischemic injury-induced increase in levels of GFAP and of caspases-3 and -8","volume":"288","author":"Zhou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.2862","article-title":"Neuroprotection and mechanisms of ginsenosides in nervous system diseases: progress and perspectives","volume":"76","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-019-00675-7","article-title":"Berberine facilitates angiogenesis against ischemic stroke through modulating microglial polarization via AMPK signaling","volume":"39","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1706","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-018-0160-1","article-title":"Berberine attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury through inhibiting HMGB1 release and NF-\u03baB nuclear translocation","volume":"39","author":"Zhu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2020.113263","article-title":"Synchronous measuring of triptolide changes in rat brain and blood and its application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study in normal and alzheimer's disease rats","volume":"185","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930231207777","article-title":"Targeting inflammation to reduce recurrent stroke","volume":"19","author":"Zietz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Stroke"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1603417\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]],"date-time":"2025-07-18T05:30:56Z","timestamp":1752816656000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1603417\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"references-count":137,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphar.2025.1603417"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1603417","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-9812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-9812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,18]]},"article-number":"1603417"}}