{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T02:06:39Z","timestamp":1788401199633,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Hypericum empetrifolium<\/jats:italic>\n                      subsp.\n                      <jats:italic>empetrifolium<\/jats:italic>\n                      Willd. (Hypericaceae), traditionally used in folk medicine, was investigated for its diverse biological activities. The study was driven by the increasing global health and economic burden posed by fungal infections, highlighting the urgent need for novel antifungal agents.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Plant materials were collected from distinct regions in T\u00fcrkiye. Methanolic extracts were prepared and tested in vitro for antimicrobial and enzyme inhibition activities. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and IC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      values were determined using standard microdilution and spectrophotometric assays. Phytochemical profiling of the extracts was performed using HPLC-DAD and LC-HR\/MS to identify major chemical constituents and investigate variation due to geographic and environmental factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Methanolic extracts exhibited potent antifungal activity against\n                      <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic>\n                      strains, with MIC values as low as 4.88 \u03bcg\/mL. Enzyme inhibition assays revealed strong activity for HE-1, with IC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      values of 8.16 \u03bcg\/mL for acetylcholinesterase and 2.46 \u03bcg\/mL for butyrylcholinesterase. The extracts also significantly inhibited \u03b1-glucosidase (IC\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2248 26\u201331 \u03bcg\/mL), outperforming acarbose, and showed moderate inhibition against elastase. Phytochemical profiling indicated notable variations in flavonoid and phenolic acid content, likely influenced by geographic and environmental factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings suggest that\n                      <jats:italic>H. empetrifolium<\/jats:italic>\n                      subsp.\n                      <jats:italic>empetrifolium<\/jats:italic>\n                      extracts possess promising antifungal, antidiabetic, anti-aging, and neuroprotective properties. The observed bioactivities and phytochemical richness support further exploration of this species as a potential source of therapeutic agents.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1618761","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T01:27:15Z","timestamp":1751851635000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Hypericum empetrifolium subsp. empetrifolium: an assessment of its antifungal, antidiabetic, anti-aging, and neuroprotective potential"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Serpil","family":"Demirci Kay\u0131ran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6mer\u00fcl Faruk","family":"Tavl\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emel","family":"Matarac\u0131 Kara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alevcan","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"\u015eahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Bo\u011fa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Ero\u011flu \u00d6zkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules29030674","article-title":"Computational approaches to evaluate the acetylcholinesterase binding interaction with taxifolin for the management of alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"29","author":"Ahmad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"50","article-title":"Hypericin from Hypericum triquetrifolium in wild and under cultivation: variation revealed by genetic distance","volume":"6","author":"Ai-Rifaee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. 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