{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T06:29:19Z","timestamp":1761719359519,"version":"3.43.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigated the feasibility of using <jats:italic>Peucedanum ostruthium<\/jats:italic> leaves, typically regarded as waste, as a substitute for the widely used rhizome. To identify the optimal parameters for ultrasound-assisted extraction of <jats:italic>P. ostruthium<\/jats:italic> leaves, we used Box\u2013Behnken design in combination with response surface methodology. The optimal parameters were as follows: ethanol, 80%; extraction temperature, 61.0\u00b0C; ultrasonication duration, 35.5\u00a0min; liquid-to-solid ratio, 20; and ultrasonic power, 249\u00a0W. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration for the inhibition of extracellular tyrosinase activity, scavenging of free radicals, and suppression of various aging-related and inflammatory enzymes by <jats:italic>P. ostruthium<\/jats:italic> leaf extract (POLE) were 62.30, 20.62, 8.63, 40.82\u201391.23, and 12.8\u2013126.4\u00a0mg\/L, respectively. The minimum bactericidal concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration of POLE for the microorganisms tested in this study were 150\u2013350 and 400\u2013500\u00a0mg\/L, respectively. Therefore, POLE exhibited strong whitening, antiaging, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, surpassing those of the rhizome extract. Furthermore, POLE was biologically safe at concentrations of \u2264500\u00a0mg\/L. The extract exhibited remarkable wound healing capacity (92.5%) at 25\u00a0mg\/L. The average efficiency of transdermal absorption and penetration reached 98%. A total of 34 predominant volatile organic compounds and 19 major nonvolatile organic compounds were identified in POLE. Molecular docking analysis attributed POLE\u2019s whitening effects to both phenolic acids and flavonoids and its antiaging effects to mainly flavonoids. Furthermore, POLE\u2019s anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects were attributed to flavonoids and coumarins. Overall, as a viable alternative to imported <jats:italic>P. ostruthium<\/jats:italic> rhizome extract, POLE holds promise for applications in cosmeceutical, healthcare, and medical products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1636312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T05:30:53Z","timestamp":1754976653000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Ultrasound-assisted extraction of Peucedanum ostruthium leaves: a feasible alternative to rhizomes for industrial applications"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Chih-Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guey-Horng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong-Tar","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yueh-Te","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsiu-Ju","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Chi","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying-Chien","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.200900281","article-title":"Toxicology and risk assessment of coumarin: focus on human data","volume":"54","author":"Abraham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. 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