{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:27:39Z","timestamp":1793039259139,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":126,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The dried tuber of Gastrodia elata (GE), a perennial orchid with a 2,200-year medicinal history documented in the Shennong Bencaojing (200 BCE), remains a cornerstone of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and contemporary integrative therapies across Asia. Initially prescribed for neurological disorders (e.g., epilepsy, stroke prophylaxis) and hypertension, modern research has expanded its therapeutic portfolio to include anti-aging, antitumor, and osteoprotective applications. This systematic review synthesizes 1) traditional ethnopharmacological uses, 2) phytochemical profiling of 100+ identified bioactive metabolites (e.g., gastrodin, parishins), and 3) mechanistic insights into their pharmacokinetic behaviors and pharmacodynamic actions. Notably, botanical drug interactions in TCM formulations enhance gastrodin\u2019s blood-brain barrier penetration, elucidating clinical efficacy. While\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/\n                    <jats:italic>vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    studies validate GE\u2019s antioxidant and neuroprotective effects, translational challenges persist: 1) Limited clinical trials on novel indications (e.g., osteoporosis); 2) Unclear structure-activity relationships of minor metabolites; 3) Standardization needs for industrial applications. This work provides an evidence base to guide future research on GE\u2019s diversified therapeutic development.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1641443","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T06:24:18Z","timestamp":1762496658000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["From molecules to medicine: a systematic review of Gastrodia elata\u2019s bioactive metabolites and therapeutic potential"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiantai","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minna","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyu","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengzhou","family":"Zu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenghui","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2013.0065","article-title":"Citric acid effects on brain and liver oxidative stress in lipopolysaccharide-treated mice","volume":"17","author":"Abdel-Salam","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. 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