{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T05:18:01Z","timestamp":1794028681953,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), playing a crucial role in maintaining brain homeostasis and mediating neuroimmune responses. The chemokine receptor CX3CR1, predominantly expressed on microglia, regulates microglial function via interactions with its neuronal ligand CX3CL1. The CX3CR1-CX3CL1 signaling exhibits complex, context-dependent roles in neurodegenerative diseases. In Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) and Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) animal models, CX3CR1 deficiency shows paradoxical outcomes, attenuating or exacerbating amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) and tau pathologies in AD, while consistently worsening \u03b1-synuclein-induced neurodegeneration in PD. Although CX3CR1 emerges as a promising therapeutic and diagnostic target, its complex role in microglial dynamics remains incompletely understood. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging provides a powerful, noninvasive method for investigating biological processes\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . There is an urgent need to develop and validate new PET tracers targeting microglial CX3CR1 in the CNS, further offering new opportunities for the diagnosis and treatment of neuroinflammation-associated neurodegenerative diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1678159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T06:32:13Z","timestamp":1764829933000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["CX3CR1: a potential microglia-specific PET imaging target in Alzheimer\u2019s and Parkinson\u2019s diseases"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hongzhi","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changning","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00488","article-title":"Microglia in neurological diseases: a road map to brain-disease dependent-inflammatory response","volume":"12","author":"Bachiller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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