{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:19:04Z","timestamp":1785417544864,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762473600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To investigate the efficacy of anlotinib, an antiangiogenic multikinase inhibitor, as an add-on therapy to first-line epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (TKI) for patients with\n                      <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic>\n                      -mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were previously untreated before first-line EGFR TKI but subsequently developed oligoprogression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This multicenter, retrospective cohort study (ALTER-L058) analyzed data from the electronic health records-derived de-identified systems at 16 cancer centers in China. Adult patients between 18 and 75 years of age with histologically or cytologically confirmed locally advanced or metastatic NSCLC who received first-line third-generation EGFR TKI monotherapy and had an oligoprogressive disease were included. Eligible patients received anlotinib (8, 10 or 12\u00a0mg) on days 1\u201314 of each 3-week cycle for \u22656 cycles. Tumor response was assessed radiologically by investigators per RECIST, version 1.1. The primary outcome was investigators-assessed progression-free survival, calculated from the date of medication initiation for the oligoprogressive disease to the first documented progressive disease or death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Between January 2020 and December 2023, 100 patients received EGFR TKI plus anlotinib and 50 received EGFR TKI. At the data cutoff (20 November 2024), the median progression-free survival was 9.23 months (95% CI, 8.94\u201310.87) with EGFR TKI plus anlotinib\n                      <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                      5.42 months (95% CI, 4.83\u20136.80) with EGFR TKI (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.38, 95% CI, 0.26\u20130.56; log rank test,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.0001), meeting the primary endpoint. Anlotinib was generally well tolerated, with manageable adverse events.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Anlotinib, when added onto EGFR TKI therapy following gradual progression or oligo-progression, conferred significant PFS benefits upon\n                      <jats:italic>EGFR<\/jats:italic>\n                      mutant NSCLC patients, supporting adding anlotinib to ongoing first-line EGFR TKI therapy for oligoprogressive disease.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1686364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T06:24:30Z","timestamp":1762496670000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Anlotinib added to third generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy for advanced NSCLC patients with oligo-progression: a retrospective study (ALTER-L058)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Fei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minglei","family":"Zhuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongmin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jisheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengxiang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guilin","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kangwu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dabing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghui","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fengming","family":"Ran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caicun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cllc.2014.04.003","article-title":"An individual patient data metaanalysis of outcomes and prognostic factors after treatment of oligometastatic non-small-cell lung cancer","volume":"15","author":"Ashworth","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. 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