{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T11:48:53Z","timestamp":1762429733620,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762387200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the clinical efficacy of remifentanil mild sedation versus propofol deep sedation for anesthesia during painless gastroscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 980 patients undergoing painless gastroscopy at our hospital\u2019s endoscopy center from January to May 2025 were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group (490 cases, propofol-etomidate mixture intravenous injection) and an observation group (490 cases, remifentanil intravenous injection) using a computer-generated random sequence with sealed envelope allocation. Intraoperative vital sign changes, complication rates, time to ambulation, anesthetic dosage, and patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall complication rate in the observation group was 0.6%, significantly lower than 64% in the control group (P &amp;lt; 0.05). 76.3% of patients in the observation group experienced intraoperative blood pressure and heart rate fluctuations, compared to 78.6% in the control group, with no significant difference (P &amp;gt; 0.05). The observation group demonstrated significantly shorter ambulation time (17 \u00b1 1.8 vs. 25 \u00b1 3.6\u00a0min, P &amp;lt; 0.01) and higher satisfaction rates (patients: 92% vs. 94.4%; clinicians: 98% vs. 95%, P &amp;lt; 0.05) than the control group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that remifentanil use was an independent factor for reducing complications (OR = 0.12, 95%CI:0.05\u20130.28, P &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Remifentanil intravenous injection combined with lidocaine gel for mild sedation anesthesia effectively alleviates discomfort during gastroscopy. Compared with propofol-based deep sedation, it demonstrates a lower complication rate and higher safety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1692910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T11:42:29Z","timestamp":1762429349000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy analysis of remifentanil mild sedation anesthesia for painless gastroscopy"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Dongfeng","family":"Xi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huiling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengyuan","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiangbo","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huibin","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0410-z","article-title":"Non-cardiac surgery in patients with coronary artery disease: risk evaluation and periprocedural management","volume":"18","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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