{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T17:13:13Z","timestamp":1782234793626,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Ophiopogon japonicus<\/jats:italic>\n                      oligosaccharides (OJO) is a bioactive component extracted and purified from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb\n                      <jats:italic>Radix Ophiopogonis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Maidong) with significant hypoglycemic effects, although its mechanism of action remains to be further studied.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study used a high-fat diet supplemented with streptozotocin to establish a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). OJO was administered at low, medium, and high doses for four consecutive weeks. Biochemical indices of glucose and lipid metabolism were measured, and feces, serum, and colonic contents were collected for 16\u00a0S rRNA gene sequencing, metabolomics, and gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      OJO treatment significantly alleviated polyuria and weight loss, ameliorated insulin resistance, and improved glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in T2DM rats. OJO also modulated gut microbiota composition by increasing the\n                      <jats:italic>Firmicutes<\/jats:italic>\n                      -to-\n                      <jats:italic>Bacteroidota<\/jats:italic>\n                      ratio and regulating key bacterial genera, including decreased\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Prevotella<\/jats:italic>\n                      and increased\n                      <jats:italic>unclassified_f_<\/jats:italic>\n                      Lachnospiraceae,\n                      <jats:italic>Faecalibaculum<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>norank_f_norank_o_Clostridia_<\/jats:italic>\n                      UCG-014, Christensenellaceae\n                      <jats:italic>_R-7_group<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Romboutsia<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and UCG-005. Additionally, OJO significantly reduced acetic acid and propanoic acid levels. Serum untargeted metabolomic analysis revealed that OJO modulated 40 diabetes-associated metabolites, primarily linked to the synthesis and metabolic pathways of aromatic amino acids and bile acids. Correlation analysis identified significant connections between these metabolic alterations and specific gut microbiota.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OJO exhibits therapeutic potential for T2DM, possibly by regulating gut microbiota and associated metabolites.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1710883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T06:21:19Z","timestamp":1763619679000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of Ophiopogon japonicus oligosaccharides on type 2 diabetes in rats via modulation of gut microbiota and metabolites"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Tingyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baoting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zilin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aihua","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9020163","article-title":"Cinnamic acid and its derivatives: mechanisms for prevention and management of diabetes and its complications","volume":"9","author":"Adisakwattana","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1002\/ddr.21280","article-title":"Fosinopril prevents the development of tactile allodynia in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic Rat model","volume":"76","author":"Araiza-Saldana","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Dev. 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