{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T08:12:06Z","timestamp":1777709526993,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Cornus officinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , traditionally used for its kidney-tonifying and waist-protecting properties, has recently shown potential therapeutic effects in neurological disorders. However, its mechanisms in Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) remain unclear.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study employed a network pharmacology approach combined with molecular docking to systematically explore the active components of\n                      <jats:italic>Cornus officinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and their associated signaling pathways in PD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 11,663 PD-related targets were identified from multiple databases, with 185 overlapping targets obtained from active components of\n                      <jats:italic>Cornus officinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      using SwissTargetPrediction. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis identified EGFR, TP53, HIF1A, ESR1, PPARG, TNF, HSP90AA1, PTGS2, and SRC as the core targets of\n                      <jats:italic>Cornus officinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      in PD. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that\n                      <jats:italic>Cornus officinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      primarily modulates pathways such as MAPK signaling, synaptic function, and lipid metabolism. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis highlighted the involvement of target genes in the neuro-endocrine-immune network. Molecular docking confirmed strong binding affinities between active components and core targets, with binding energies below \u22125\u00a0kcal\/mol. Reactome pathway enrichment analysis further identified the IL-4 and IL-13 signaling pathway as the most significant, suggesting a critical role in regulating immune responses and neuroinflammation. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirmed the stability of the binding between\n                      <jats:italic>Cornus officinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and the targets.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Cornus officinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      exhibits potential therapeutic effects against PD through multi-target and multi-pathway mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory actions, regulation of synaptic function regulation, and metabolic modulation. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for further experimental and clinical validation of\n                      <jats:italic>Cornus officinalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      as a promising candidate for PD treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1714796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T06:26:48Z","timestamp":1764570408000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Decoding the therapeutic potential mechanism of Cornus officinalis in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a network pharmacology insight"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zheng","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiwei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Taotao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yide","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yalan","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingmei","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1606-1","article-title":"Regulatory impairment in untreated Parkinson\u2019s disease is not restricted to tregs: other regulatory populations are also involved","volume":"16","author":"\u00c1lvarez-Luqu\u00edn","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2703094","article-title":"Prediction of the potential mechanism of triptolide in improving diabetic nephropathy by utilizing a network pharmacology and molecular docking approach","volume":"27","author":"An","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Biosci."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joim.2018.05.003","article-title":"Preliminary optimization of a Chinese herbal medicine formula based on the neuroprotective effects in a rat model of rotenone-induced Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"16","author":"Bao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Integr. Med."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12020280","article-title":"Neuroprotective potentials of flavonoids: experimental studies and mechanisms of action","volume":"12","author":"Bellavite","year":"2023","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27659","article-title":"Parkinson's disease age at onset genome-wide association study: defining heritability, genetic loci, and alpha-synuclein mechanisms","volume":"34","author":"Blauwendraat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"B6","author":"Bowers","year":"2006"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157262","article-title":"Liquiritin in chaihu-shugan-san alleviates Parkinson's Disease via PPAR\u03b1-mediated inhibition of SCD1\/FADS2-dependent ferroptosis","volume":"148","author":"Cai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-0722-7","article-title":"Phosphorylation of parkin at serine 131 by p38 MAPK promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal death in mutant a53T \u03b1-synuclein model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154044","article-title":"The pathogenesis and treatment mechanism of Parkinson's disease from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine","volume":"100","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1186\/1752-0509-8-S4-S11","article-title":"CytoHubba: identifying hub objects and sub-networks from complex interactome","volume":"8","author":"Chin","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Syst. Biol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W357","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz382","article-title":"SwissTargetPrediction: updated data and new features for efficient prediction of protein targets of small molecules","volume":"47","author":"Daina","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic. Acids. Res."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb47060439","article-title":"TP53 is a potential target of juglone against colorectal cancer: based on a combination of molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and in vitro experiments","volume":"47","author":"Deng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Issues Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000247740.47667.03","article-title":"Projected number of people with Parkinson disease in the most populous nations, 2005 through 2030","volume":"68","author":"Dorsey","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116288","article-title":"Loganin improves chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and neurochemical dysfunction","volume":"308","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177742","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177742","article-title":"Cornel iridoid glycosides exerted neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion injury in rats via inhibiting TLR4\/MyD88\/NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"1001","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.118","article-title":"Network pharmacology: the next paradigm in drug discovery","volume":"4","author":"Hopkins","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4024","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27134024","article-title":"Chemical and pharmacological profiling of Wrightia coccinea (Roxb. Ex Hornem.) sims focusing antioxidant, cytotoxic, antidiarrheal, hypoglycemic, and analgesic properties","volume":"27","author":"Jannat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B18","first-page":"67","article-title":"P38 MAPK and PI3K\/AKT signalling cascades inParkinson's disease","volume":"4","author":"Jha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Cell. Med."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2021.577758","article-title":"The involvement of JAK\/STAT signaling pathway in the treatment of Parkinson's disease","volume":"361","author":"Lashgari","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-020-00680-0","article-title":"The COX-2-derived PGE(2) autocrine contributes to bradykinin-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression and astrocytic migration via STAT3 signaling","volume":"18","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10080723","article-title":"Hypoxia signaling in Parkinson's Disease: there is Uue in Aaking \u201cWwat HIF?\u201d","volume":"10","author":"Leston","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biology Basel."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-023-03967-0","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of morroniside from Cornus officinalis sieb. Et zucc against Parkinson\u2019s disease via inhibiting oxidative stress and ferroptosis","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Med. Ther."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021436","article-title":"\u03b1-Synuclein induces neuroinflammation injury through the IL6ST-as\/STAT3\/HIF-1\u03b1 axis","volume":"24","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2016.09.004","article-title":"Morroniside promotes angiogenesis and further improves microvascular circulation after focal cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion","volume":"127","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4148","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23084148","article-title":"Biomarker of neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W159","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac394","article-title":"CB-Dock2: improved protein\u2013ligand blind docking by integrating cavity detection, docking and homologous template fitting","volume":"50","author":"Liu","year":"","journal-title":"Nucleic. acids. Res."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.117857","article-title":"Mechanistic study of the anti-excitatory amino acid toxicity of bushen zhichan decoction for Parkinson's disease based on the transcriptional regulation of EAAT1 by YY1","volume":"325","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6600944","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6600944","article-title":"Association of p53 with neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2022","author":"Luo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Park. Dis."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8091005","article-title":"Cellular and synaptic dysfunctions in parkinson\u2019s disease: stepping out of the striatum","volume":"8","author":"Mallet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0115680266354824250327072413","article-title":"Potential anti-inflammatory properties of corydalis rhizoma for Co-Treatment of neuropathic pain and major depressive disorder: network pharmacology with molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approaches","volume":"25","author":"Mokhtari","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2018.01.053","article-title":"Swertiajaponin as an anti-browning and antioxidant flavonoid","volume":"252","author":"Moon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-018-0273-5","article-title":"A new hypothesis for Parkinson\u2019s disease pathogenesis: GTPase-p38 MAPK signaling and autophagy as convergence points of etiology and genomics","volume":"13","author":"Obergasteiger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i277","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btn182","article-title":"Identifying gene-disease associations using centrality on a literature mined gene-interaction network","volume":"24","author":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26061523","article-title":"Arterial blood pressure variability and other vascular factors contribution to the cognitive decline in parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"26","author":"Pierzchli\u0144ska","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D833","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw943","article-title":"DisGeNET: a comprehensive platform integrating information on human disease-associated genes and variants","volume":"45","author":"Pi\u00f1ero","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nucleic. acids. Res."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2019.01.014","article-title":"Effect of cornel iridoid glycoside on microglia activation through suppression of the JAK\/STAT signalling pathway","volume":"330","author":"Qu","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/011570159X378077250822115218","article-title":"A novel network pharmacology strategy for retrieving a key functional component group and mechanisms in the di-huang-yin-zi treatment of Parkinson's Disease","volume":"23","author":"Qu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2946-6-13","article-title":"TCMSP: a database of systems pharmacology for drug discovery from herbal medicines","volume":"6","author":"Ru","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cheminformatics"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfaf069","article-title":"Integrating network analysis and machine learning to elucidate chemical-induced pancreatic toxicity in zebrafish embryos","volume":"206","author":"Schwartz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9412776","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/9412776","article-title":"Analysis of ADORA2a, MTA1, PTGDS, PTGS2, NSF, and HNMT gene expression levels in peripheral blood of patients with early stages of Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2023","author":"Semenova","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab446","article-title":"Single-cell sequencing of human midbrain reveals glial activation and a Parkinson-specific neuronal state","volume":"145","author":"Smajic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nos302","article-title":"On-target JAK2\/STAT3 inhibition slows disease progression in orthotopic xenografts of human glioblastoma brain tumor stem cells","volume":"15","author":"Stechishin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1.30.1","DOI":"10.1002\/cpbi.5","article-title":"The GeneCards suite: from gene data mining to disease genome sequence analyses","volume":"54","author":"Stelzer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Bioinforma."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D607","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1131","article-title":"STRING V11: protein\u2013protein association networks with increased coverage, supporting functional discovery in genome-wide experimental datasets","volume":"47","author":"Szklarczyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic. acids. Res."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2023.11.004","article-title":"PPAR agonists for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases","volume":"45","author":"Titus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6259","article-title":"The novel protective effects of loganin against 1\u2010methyl\u20104\u2010phenylpyridinium\u2010induced neurotoxicity: enhancement of neurotrophic signaling, activation of IGF\u20101R\/GLP\u20101R, and inhibition of RhoA\/ROCK pathway","volume":"33","author":"Tseng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2010.07.003","article-title":"Neuroprotective effect of morroniside on focal cerebral ischemia in rats","volume":"83","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3327","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S228417","article-title":"Cornel iridoid glycoside protects against white matter lesions induced by cerebral ischemia in rats via activation of the brain-derived neurotrophic Factor\/Neuregulin-1 pathway","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.01224","article-title":"QiDiTangShen granules activate renal nutrient-sensing associated autophagy in db\/db mice","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4651432","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4651432","article-title":"Study on the potential molecular mechanism of Xihuang pill in the treatment of pancreatic cancer based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics","volume":"2022","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Evid.-Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115252","article-title":"Cornuside ameliorates cognitive impairments in scopolamine induced AD mice: involvement of neurotransmitter and oxidative stress","volume":"293","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.31083\/j.fbl2802034","article-title":"The investigation of the molecular mechanism of Morinda officinalis how in the treatment of heart failure","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Biosci."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2024.106098","article-title":"The cornel iridoid glycoside attenuated brain edema of the cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion rats by modulating the polarized aquaporin 4","volume":"177","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.119288","article-title":"Amelioration of gap junction dysfunction in a depression model by loganin: involvement of GSK-3\u03b2\/\u03b2-catenin signaling","volume":"341","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010264","article-title":"Peripheral inflammatory markers TNF-alpha and CCL2 revisited: association with Parkinson's Disease severity","volume":"24","author":"Xiromerisiou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.107268","article-title":"QHRD106 ameliorates ischemic stroke injury as a long-acting tissue kallikrein preparation","volume":"26","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"IScience"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00045","article-title":"Src inhibition attenuates neuroinflammation and protects dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's Disease models","volume":"14","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-025-00926-z","article-title":"Disruption of axonal transport in Parkinson\u2019s disease: the role of pathological \u03b1-Syn and AMPK\/p38 MAPK signaling","volume":"11","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Npj Parkinson's Dis."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-018-0093-1","article-title":"Necroptosis and RIPK1-mediated neuroinflammation in CNS diseases","volume":"20","author":"Yuan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01486-5","article-title":"Role of neuroinflammation in neurodegeneration development","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-023-00392-8","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease and gut microbiota: from clinical to mechanistic and therapeutic studies","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Transl. Neurodegener."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-019-1697-5","article-title":"Cornel iridoid glycoside exerts a neuroprotective effect on neuroinflammation in rats with brain injury by inhibiting NF-\u03baB and STAT3","volume":"9","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"3 Biotech."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4631","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15214631","article-title":"Understanding the gut\u2013brain axis and its therapeutic implications for neurodegenerative disorders","volume":"15","author":"Zheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D1465","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad751","article-title":"TTD: therapeutic Target database describing target druggability information","volume":"52","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nucleic. acids. Res."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-025-01695-w","article-title":"Cornuside alleviates cognitive impairments induced by A\u03b21-42 through attenuating NLRP3-mediated neurotoxicity by promoting mitophagy","volume":"17","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res. Ther."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049586","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1049586","article-title":"Exploring the potential mechanism of fritiliariae irrhosae bulbus on ischemic stroke based on network pharmacology and experimental validation","volume":"13","author":"Zijie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1714796\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T06:26:50Z","timestamp":1764570410000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1714796\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphar.2025.1714796"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1714796","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-9812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-9812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"article-number":"1714796"}}