{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T18:59:27Z","timestamp":1791572367055,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Yanhuanglian (YHL), derived from the dried herb of\n                      <jats:italic>Corydalis saxicola<\/jats:italic>\n                      Bunting, can inhibit diarrhea and alleviate bleeding in traditional Chinese medicine. YHL is used to treat dysentery and hematochezia, which are recognized as ulcerative colitis (UC) in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the effectiveness and mechanisms of YHL treating UC remain largely unknown. This study aimed to reveal anti-colitis effect and mechanisms of YHL\u2019s total alkaloids (YTA) against UC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Three graded doses of YTA were introduced to DSS-induced colitis mice for 7\u00a0days to evaluate the anti-colitis effect. Colon, serum, and fecal untargeted metabolomics were applicated to analyze the differential metabolites. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze changes in the gut bacteria, while gut microbiota depletion and fecal microbiota transplantation further verified the effects of gut microbiota.\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. isolated from the mice feces were screened based on the enrichment abundance of YTA\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and the therapeutic effect of\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus johnsonii<\/jats:italic>\n                      enriched with YTA was evaluated in colitis mice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      YTA alleviated weight loss, diarrhea, and hematochezia in colitis mice, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress while restoring intestinal barrier impairment. Untargeted metabolomics profiling of colon, serum, and feces demonstrated that YTA restored the disrupted metabolite profiles, with linoleic acid consistently identified as a key differential metabolite. Through the pathway enrichment, linoleic acid metabolism pathway was highlighted. YTA also ameliorated imbalance of the gut microbiota by significantly increasing the abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Gut microbiota depletion and fecal microbiota transplantation confirmed that the benefits of YTA depended on the presence of gut microbiota. Furthermore,\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus johnsonii<\/jats:italic>\n                      enriched by YTA protected colitis mice against UC.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>YTA exhibited potential anti-colitis activity by modulating metabolomic profiles and the gut microbiota, suggesting its potential as a complementary and alternative therapy in phytomedicine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1721116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T16:24:55Z","timestamp":1765902295000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Total alkaloids of Corydalis saxicola Bunting ameliorate ulcerative colitis through regulation of metabolite networks and gut microbiota"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shuyi","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qien","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoyong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minjian","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00658-y","article-title":"The metabolic nature of inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"19","author":"Adolph","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastro. Hepat."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1159\/000444066","article-title":"Physiological role of gut microbiota for maintaining human health","volume":"93","author":"Andoh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Digestion"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0470-z","article-title":"Optimizing taxonomic classification of marker-gene amplicon sequences with QIIME 2\u2019s q2-feature-classifier plugin","volume":"6","author":"Bokulich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2023.01.009","article-title":"Gut microbiome lipid metabolism and its impact on host physiology","volume":"31","author":"Brown","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell. Host Microbe"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108238","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2022.108238","article-title":"Bile acid metabolism and signaling, the microbiota, and metabolic disease","volume":"237","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advms.2023.09.010","article-title":"Biological, genetic and epigenetic markers in ulcerative colitis","volume":"68","author":"Caliendo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3869","article-title":"DADA2: high resolution sample inference from illumina amplicon data","volume":"13","author":"Callahan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Methods."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2019.05.005","article-title":"CDX2 and MUC2 immunohistochemistry as prognostic markers in stage II Colon cancer","volume":"90","author":"Cecchini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-326789","article-title":"Gut microbiome and health: mechanistic insights","volume":"71","author":"de Vos","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8151","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44026-z","article-title":"Senescence-associated 13-HODE production promotes age-related liver steatosis by directly inhibiting catalase activity","volume":"14","author":"Duan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2024.08.005","article-title":"Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and infant brain development: role of gut microbiome","volume":"131","author":"Fang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutr. Res."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2547","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-019-03092-7","article-title":"Palmitic acid is an intracellular signaling molecule involved in disease development","volume":"76","author":"Fatima","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e135963","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI135963","article-title":"Lysophospholipid acylation modulates plasma membrane lipid organization and insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle","volume":"131","author":"Ferrara","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9258(18)64849-5","article-title":"A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues","volume":"226","author":"Folch","year":"1957","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8516","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2025.2504162","article-title":"Harnessing lactobacillus: a probiotic revolution in combating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"65","author":"Gu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food. Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2024.07.028","article-title":"Engineered probiotic ameliorates ulcerative colitis by restoring gut microbiota and redox homeostasis","volume":"32","author":"Guo","year":"","journal-title":"Cell. Host Microbe"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.117162","article-title":"Corydalis saxicola Bunting total alkaloids improve NAFLD by suppressing de novo lipogenesis through the AMPK-SREBP1 axis","volume":"319","author":"Guo","year":"","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E904","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-0652","article-title":"Diarrhea in preschool children and lactobacillus Reuteri: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"133","author":"Gutierrez-Castrellon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-025-01163-0","article-title":"Microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease: mechanisms of disease and therapeutic opportunities","volume":"23","author":"Iliev","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.113396","article-title":"Palmatine alleviates inflammation and modulates ferroptosis against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-Induced ulcerative colitis","volume":"143","author":"Ji","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharm."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2020.105358","article-title":"Berberine improves colitis by triggering AhR activation by microbial tryptophan catabolites","volume":"164","author":"Jing","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2025.116630","article-title":"Screening and identification of intestinal lipid-lowering probiotics and their effect on regulating lipid metabolism in C57BL\/6J mice","volume":"214","author":"Jing","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-030409-101225","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"28","author":"Kaser","year":"2010","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2455790","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2025.2455790","article-title":"Mucus-penetrating microbiota drive chronic low-grade intestinal inflammation and metabolic dysregulation","volume":"17","author":"Kordahi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gut Microbe"},{"key":"B25","volume-title":"Dian Nan Ben Cao","author":"Lan","year":"2017"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(23)00966-2","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis","volume":"402","author":"Le Berre","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2016.02.010","article-title":"Berberine ameliorates chronic relapsing dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in C57BL\/6 mice by suppressing Th17 responses","volume":"110","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105694","article-title":"Main active components of Jiawei Gegen Qinlian decoction protects against ulcerative colitis under different dietary environments in a gut microbiota-dependent manner","volume":"170","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3669","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39403-7","article-title":"Gut microbiota turicibacter strains differentially modify bile acids and host lipids","volume":"14","author":"Lynch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.05.035","article-title":"A metabolomics pipeline highlights microbial metabolism in bloodstream infections","volume":"187","author":"Mayers","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-025-01205-7","article-title":"Lactobacilli biology, applications and host interactions","author":"Mejia-Caballero","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"B32","volume-title":"Zhong hua ben cao","year":"1999"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2013.01.009","article-title":"Protective effect of sanguinarine against acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in mice","volume":"267","author":"Niu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharm."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2023.05.003","article-title":"Regulation of ferroptosis by lipid metabolism","volume":"33","author":"Pope","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trends Cell. Bio"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.02541432.2018.05.002","article-title":"Chinese consensus on diagnosis and treatment in inflammatory bowel disease (2018, beijing)","volume":"38","author":"Qian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chin. J. Dig."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13479","article-title":"Pro-resolving lipid mediators are leads for resolution physiology","volume":"510","author":"Serhan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Natrue"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70035","DOI":"10.1002\/imt2.70035","article-title":"Single-microbe RNA sequencing uncovers unexplored specialized metabolic functions of keystone species in the human gut","volume":"4","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Imeta"},{"key":"B38","volume-title":"Qian Nan Ben Cao","author":"Si","year":"2015"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.58","article-title":"The resilience of the intestinal microbiota influences health and disease","volume":"15","author":"Sommer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102970","article-title":"Molecular mechanism of interleukin-17A regulating airway epithelial cell ferroptosis based on allergic asthma airway inflammation","volume":"68","author":"Song","year":"","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06265-4","article-title":"Gut microbial fatty acid isomerization modulates intraepithelial T cells","volume":"619","author":"Song","year":"","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2025.118665","article-title":"Integrated pharmacokinetic properties and tissue distribution of Corydalis saxicola bunting total alkaloids in HFHCD-Induced mice: implications for pharmacokinetic variability in MASH treatment","volume":"192","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B43","volume-title":"Zhong Guo Miao Zu Yi Xue","author":"Tian","year":"2013"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2311890","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202311890","article-title":"Colon targeting pH-responsive coacervate microdroplets for treatment of ulcerative colitis","volume":"20","author":"Tian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-018-2449-0","article-title":"Molecular profiling of mucosal tissue associated microbiota in patients manifesting acute exacerbations and remission stage of ulcerative colitis","volume":"34","author":"Walujkar","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J. Microb. Biot."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-020-00443-w","article-title":"Metabolism pathways of arachidonic acids: mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"STTT"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.208","article-title":"Intervention and potential mechanism of non-starch polysaccharides from natural resources on ulcerative colitis: a review","volume":"210","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13010009","article-title":"Investigation of the therapeutic effect of total alkaloids of Corydalis saxicola bunting on CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats by LC\/MS-Based metabolomics analysis and network pharmacology","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S795","DOI":"10.1016\/s0016-5085(21)02618-4","article-title":"719 linoleic acid-derived oxylipins differentiate early stage of alcoholic hepatitis from mild alcohol-associated liver injury","volume":"160","author":"Warner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06456-5","article-title":"Dietary long-chain fatty acids promote colitis by regulating palmitoylation of STAT3 through CD36-mediated endocytosis","volume":"15","author":"Wei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell. Death Dis."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-025-07493-2","article-title":"Lipid metabolism and microbial regulation analyses provide insights into the energy-saving strategies of hibernating snakes","volume":"8","author":"Wei","year":"2025","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2021.113647","article-title":"Chemical constituents and antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities of wild and cultivated Corydalis saxicola","volume":"169","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-021-00468-5","article-title":"Corydalis saxicola bunting total alkaloids attenuate paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy through PKC\u03b5\/p38 MAPK\/TRPV1 signaling pathway","volume":"16","author":"Xue","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3528","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c09931","article-title":"A nanotherapy of octanoic acid ameliorates cardiac arrest\/cardiopulmonary resuscitation-induced brain injury via RVG29-and neutrophil membrane-mediated injury relay targeting","volume":"17","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2019.04.007","article-title":"Flavonoids analysis and antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities of crude and purified extracts from Veronicastrum latifolium","volume":"137","author":"Yin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ind. Crop. Prod."},{"key":"B56","volume-title":"Yun Nan yi yi Yao","year":"2001"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaax6208","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aax6208","article-title":"Citrus polymethoxyflavones attenuate metabolic syndrome by regulating gut microbiome and amino acid metabolism","volume":"6","author":"Zeng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120710","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2020.120710","article-title":"Integrated strategy for accurately screening biomarkers based on metabolomics coupled with network pharmacology","volume":"211","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2022.123171","article-title":"Active microbial metabolites study on antitussive and expectorant effects and metabolic mechanisms of platycosides fraction of platycodonis radix","volume":"1195","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2306297","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202306297","article-title":"Gastrointestinal dysmotility predisposes to colitis through regulation of gut microbial composition and linoleic acid metabolism","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-025-02731-y","article-title":"Promoting cytidine biosynthesis by modulating pyrimidine metabolism and carbon metabolic regulatory networks in Bacillus subtilis","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Microb. Cell. Fact."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.13935\/j.cnki.sjzx.210536","article-title":"Multi-dimensional diagnosis and treatment strategies of Chinese and Western medicine for ulcerative colitis","volume":"16","author":"Zhao","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J. Int. Trad. West Med."},{"key":"B63","volume-title":"Zhong Guo Zhuang Yao Xue","author":"Zhong","year":"2016"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707776","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.707776","article-title":"miRNA-based potential biomarkers and new molecular insights in ulcerative colitis","volume":"12","author":"Zhou","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharm."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103275","article-title":"Structure-dependent capacity of procyanidin dimers to inhibit inflammation-induced barrier dysfunction in a cell model of intestinal epithelium","volume":"75","author":"Zhu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Redox Biol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1721116\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T16:25:00Z","timestamp":1765902300000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1721116\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphar.2025.1721116"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1721116","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-9812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-9812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"article-number":"1721116"}}