{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T14:52:45Z","timestamp":1787583165989,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Rhizoma alismatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a traditional Chinese medicine with a long history. It is an important part of many prescriptions and is often used to treat water metabolism-related diseases in clinical practice. At present, there are 12 species of\n                      <jats:italic>R. alismatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      , of which only\n                      <jats:italic>Alisma plantago-aquatica<\/jats:italic>\n                      L. and\n                      <jats:italic>A. plantago-aquatica subsp. orientale<\/jats:italic>\n                      (Sam.) Sam are used as traditional Chinese medicine.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on the scientific literature, this paper aims to provide comprehensive and up-to-date information on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and processing methods of\n                      <jats:italic>R. alismatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Furthermore, it seeks to analyze current research findings to establish a new foundation and direction for future studies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multidisciplinary research domains including botanical identification, ethnopharmacological applications, phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activities, toxicological profiles, and processing techniques, drawing upon extensive data retrieved from PubMed, Web of science, CNKI, and other authoritative databases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Traditional Chinese medicine believes that\n                      <jats:italic>R. alismatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      has the effects of promoting water and dampness and venting heat. Modern studies have found that its extracts and isolated compounds have diuretic, liver protection, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood glucose, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The toxicity of\n                      <jats:italic>R. alismatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      has long been a controversial topic, and it is generally held that no obvious adverse reactions occur within the prescribed dosage range.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Modern studies partially explains the traditional concept of\n                      <jats:italic>R. alismatis\u2019<\/jats:italic>\n                      functions and the corresponding pharmacodynamic material basis. It is necessary to further study the network relationship between traditional usage, modern pharmacology and toxicity, and standardize the cultivation, processing and circulation system of\n                      <jats:italic>R. alismatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1722483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T12:01:57Z","timestamp":1764849717000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and processing of Rhizoma alismatis: a review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Tianhan","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruonan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiawen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fusheng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Buyang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Shennong's herbal classic","year":"2022"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2012.02.009","article-title":"Synthesis and evaluation of ursolic acid derivatives as potent cytotoxic agents","volume":"22","author":"Bai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioorg. & Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22060951","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory activities and liver protection of alisol F and 25-Anhydroalisol F through the inhibition of MAPK, STAT3, and NF-\u03baB activation in vitro and in vivo","volume":"22","author":"Bi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877924","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.877924","article-title":"Protective effect of danshen zexie decoction against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through inhibition of ROS\/NLRP3\/IL-1\u03b2 pathway by Nrf2 signaling activation","volume":"13","author":"Biao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B5","first-page":"45","article-title":"Effects of different processing methods on 23-O-Acetylalisol B in rhizoma alismatis from zichuan","volume":"30","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. J. Ethnomedicine Ethnopharmacy"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1994","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1001-1528.2016.09.025","article-title":"Effects of three processing methods on four triterpenoids in alismatis Rhizoma","volume":"38","author":"Cao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Pat. Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"858795","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.858795","article-title":"Multi-omics integration analysis identifies lipid disorder of a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) mouse model improved by zexie\u2013baizhu decoction","volume":"13","author":"Cao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B8","volume-title":"Mainly poisonous plants in the south","year":"1970"},{"key":"B9","volume-title":"Common Chinese medicine and adverse reactions","author":"Chen","year":"1998"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.09.022","article-title":"Diuretic and anti-diuretic activities of fractions of alismatis rhizoma","volume":"157","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.13422\/j.cnki.syfjx.2015200145","article-title":"Long-term toxicity experiment on modified zexie tang","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chin. J. Exp. Traditional Med. Formulae"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.16368\/j.issn.1674-8999.2016.06.251","article-title":"Clinical study on the upper and lower urinary tract infections treated withDifferent dosage of longqing tablets","volume":"31","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Chin. Med."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.3390\/biom13071044","article-title":"Carboxymethylated rhizoma alismatis polysaccharides regulate calcium oxalate crystals growth and reduce the regulated crystals\u2019 cytotoxicity","volume":"13","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2943162","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2943162","article-title":"Pharmacological activities of Alisma orientale against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic syndrome: literature review","volume":"2019","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evidence-Based Complementary Altern. Med."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1159\/000057762","article-title":"Nicotinamide modulates mitochondrial membrane potential and cysteine protease activity during cerebral vascular endothelial cell injury","volume":"39","author":"Chong","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Res."},{"key":"B16","volume-title":"Pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China","author":"Commission","year":"2020"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110432","article-title":"Umbelliferone (7-hydroxycoumarin): a non-toxic antidiarrheal and antiulcerogenic coumarin","volume":"129","author":"Cruz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. & Pharmacother."},{"key":"B18","article-title":"Effect of different processing methods on the content of main components in rhizoma alismatis","author":"Dai","year":"2008","journal-title":"2008 Academic Seminar Chin. Med. Process. Branch China Assoc. Traditional Chin. Med. Camphor Trees Jiangxi, China"},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.7501\/j.issn.0253-2670.2023.05.029","article-title":"Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Alisma rhizoma and its processed products","volume":"54","author":"Dai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. Traditional Herb."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.7501\/j.issn.1674-6376.2023.07.011","article-title":"Protective effect of Alisma orientalis polysaccharides on diabetes nephropathy rats by activating PPAR-\u03b3\/LXR-\u03b1\/ABCG1 signaling pathway","volume":"46","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug Eval. Res."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.13590\/j.cjfh.2004.02.003","article-title":"A 60-day feeding study of Rhizoma alismatis orientalis in SD rats","author":"Duan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin. J. Food"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4917","DOI":"10.3390\/md11124917","article-title":"Cytotoxic, cytostatic and HIV-1 PR inhibitory activities of the soft coral Litophyton arboreum","volume":"11","author":"Ellithey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mar. Drugs"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.04.017","article-title":"Diuretic and anti-diuretic activities of the ethanol and aqueous extracts of alismatis rhizoma","volume":"154","author":"Feng","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.13862\/j.cnki.cn43-1446\/r.2019.06.017","article-title":"The research status of Chinese medicinal herbs zexie (rhizoma alismatis)and lts enlightenment to Guangxi","volume":"25","author":"Gu","year":"2019"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2012.673629","article-title":"Antioxidative effects ofAlisma orientaleextract in palmitate-induced cellular injury","volume":"50","author":"Han","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.01.010","article-title":"Ethanol extract of alismatis rhizoma reduces acute lung inflammation by suppressing NF-\u03baB and activating Nrf2","volume":"146","author":"Han","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1007\/s11418-023-01712-y","article-title":"Four new lignans obtained from the leaves of Schisandra cauliflora and their effect on skeletal muscle cell proliferation","volume":"77","author":"Hien","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Nat. Med."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1391","DOI":"10.1211\/jpp.57.10.0013","article-title":"Protective effects of the Alisma orientalis extract on the experimental nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"58","author":"Hong","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.13260\/j.cnki.jfjtcm.011216","article-title":"Diuretic effect of different extract parts of rhizoma alismatis on rats","volume":"47","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fujian J. Traditional Chin. Med."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-017-0350-9","article-title":"Phenolic constituents from Alisma plantago-aquatica linnaeus and their anti-chronic prostatitis activity","volume":"11","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Central J."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.03.002","article-title":"Active fraction combination from liuwei dihuang decoction (LW-AFC) ameliorates corticosterone-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) impairment in mice in vivo","volume":"236","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2024.117777","article-title":"The safety evaluation of Shenze Shugan capsule and mechanism of apoptosis induced by five potentially nephrotoxic components","volume":"324","author":"Huang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02977323","article-title":"Effects of methanol extract ofalisma orientale rhizome and its major component, alisol B 23-acetate, on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in rats treated with bromobenzene","volume":"30","author":"Hur","year":"2007","journal-title":"Archives Pharmacal Res."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10050687","article-title":"Possible adverse effects of high-dose nicotinamide: mechanisms and safety assessment","volume":"10","author":"Hwang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26151","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms161125944","article-title":"Protective effects of Alisma orientale extract against hepatic steatosis via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress","volume":"16","author":"Jang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.16438\/j.0513-4870.2020-1659","article-title":"The protective effects and mechanism of alismatis rhizoma extracts against senecionine-induced acute liver injury in mice","volume":"56","author":"Jang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-016-1181-2","article-title":"Anti-lipoapoptotic effects of Alisma orientalis extract on non-esterified fatty acid-induced HepG2 cells","volume":"16","author":"Jeong","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Complementary Altern. Med."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-012-1108-5","article-title":"A new triterpenoid from Alisma orientale and their antibacterial effect","volume":"35","author":"Jin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Archives Pharmacal Res."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1001-1528.2020.01.030","article-title":"Establishment of HPLC fingerprints of Alisma orientale from different growing areas and chemical pattern recognition","volume":"42","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. Tradit. Pat. Med."},{"key":"B39","volume-title":"Xinxiu bencao","author":"Jing","year":"1957"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.13506\/j.cnki.jpr.2023.12.002","article-title":"Effects of zexie decoction on CYP450 enzyme subtype in hyperlipidemia model mice","volume":"42","author":"Ju","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-021-01577-9","article-title":"The apoptotic efficacy of succinic acid on renal cancer cell lines","volume":"38","author":"Kasarci","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med. Oncol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3025","DOI":"10.1113\/jp284100","article-title":"Many kinases for controlling the water channel aquaporin\u20102","volume":"602","author":"Kharin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Physiology"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4122","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14194122","article-title":"Obesity is positively associated and alcohol intake is negatively associated with nephrolithiasis","volume":"14","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15573","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115573","article-title":"Alismol purified from the tuber of Alisma orientale relieves acute lung injury in mice via Nrf2 activation","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crtox.2020.09.002","article-title":"Toxicological testing of syringaresinol and enterolignans","volume":"1","author":"Kirsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Res. Toxicol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2513","article-title":"In vitro antidiabetic activities of five medicinal herbs used in Chinese medicinal formulae","volume":"22","author":"Lau","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phytotherapy Res."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1046","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2012.05.009","article-title":"Study on the hypoglycemic activities and metabolism of alcohol extract of alismatis rhizoma","volume":"83","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.19319\/j.cnki.issn.1008-021x.2012.07.009","article-title":"The extraction of polysaccharides from alisman orientali and determination of lts content","volume":"41","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Shandong Chem. Ind."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.14088\/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.05.025","article-title":"Effects of Different Elicitors on Accumulation of Alisol B 23-acetate in [Alisma orientale(Samuels) Juzep.]","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hubei Agric. Sci."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.4149\/gpb_2020005","article-title":"The effects of alisol B 23-acetate in hepatocellular carcinoma via inducing cell apoptosis and inhibiting cell migration and invasion","volume":"39","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"General Physiology Biophysics"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39385","DOI":"10.1039\/c9ra08469j","article-title":"The structural composition of components contributes to the superiority of the geoherb Alisma orientale for \u201cdiuresis and diffusing dampness\u201d","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1007-8517.2023.20.zgmzmjyyzz202320006","article-title":"Effect of alisol A on glucose absorption in vitro","volume":"32","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. J. Ethnomedicine Ethnopharmacy"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-023-01256-3","article-title":"Umbelliferon: a review of its pharmacology, toxicity and pharmacokinetics","volume":"31","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.16791\/j.cnki.sjg.2012.10.014","article-title":"Inhibitory effect of alismol to MMP3 expression and nitric oxide produced in microglial cells","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp. Technol. Manag."},{"key":"B55","unstructured":"Studies on the Constituents from Water Extract of Alismatis Rhizoma and their Differences of Origins [Doctor, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences]\n          \n          \n            \n              Liu\n              S.\n            \n          \n          \n          2019"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.13638\/j.issn.1671-4040.2023.09.026","article-title":"Effects and safety of supplementary wuling san in the treatment of Obese type 2 diabetes","volume":"23","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pract. Clin. J. Integr. Traditional Chin. West. Med."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioorg.2019.103226","article-title":"Chemical constituents from alismatis rhizoma and their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro and in vivo","volume":"92","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioorg. Chem."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2019.10355","article-title":"Alisol B 23-acetate inhibits the viability and induces apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells via PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signal pathway","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.19540\/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190621.201","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative research on nucleosides of Alismatis Rhizoma from different regions","volume":"45","author":"Liu","year":"2020","journal-title":"China J. Chinese Materia Medica"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2023.2168020","article-title":"PI3K\/AKT\/SERBP-1 pathway regulates Alisma orientalis beverage treatment of atherosclerosis in APOE \u2212\/\u2212 high-fat diet mice","volume":"61","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3651","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24203651","article-title":"Alisol A suppresses proliferation, migration, and invasion in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells","volume":"24","author":"Lou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.16040\/j.cnki.cn15-1101.2013.20.055","article-title":"Determination by HPLC of the content of 24-Acetyl alisol A in crude and salted rhizoma alismatis","volume":"32","author":"Lu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inn. Mong. J. Traditional Chin. Med."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.117262","article-title":"Fuling-zexie formula attenuates hyperuricemia-induced nephropathy and inhibits JAK2\/STAT3 signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in mice","volume":"319","author":"Lu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.13863\/j.issn1001-4454.2010.12.013","article-title":"Comparison of the contents of 4 triterpenoids in Alisma japonica from different producing areas","volume":"33","author":"Luo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Mater."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.0488-5368.2021.01.013","article-title":"Establishment of fingerprinting of water extracts of alismatis rhizoma based on ultra-high performance chromatography","volume":"67","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Shaanxi J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2005.01.001","article-title":"The cytotoxic activity of ursolic acid derivatives","volume":"40","author":"Ma","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.11669\/cpj.2015.17.003","article-title":"SNP ldentification of alisma orientale,alisma plantago-aquatica andAlismatis rhizoma in the market based on DNA barcoding","volume":"50","author":"Ma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chin. Pharm. J."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2016.08.015","article-title":"Structures and biological activities of the triterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids from Alisma orientale","volume":"131","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.13194\/j.issn.1673-842x.2024.09.031","article-title":"Mechanism and research progress of wuling powder on treating edema","volume":"26","author":"Ma","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Liaoning Univ. Traditional Chin. Med."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(90)90032-o","article-title":"Rat toxicity studies with \u03b2-sitosterol","volume":"28","author":"Malini","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3081","DOI":"10.1016\/s0960-894x(99)00536-3","article-title":"Effects of sesquiterpenes and triterpenes from the rhizome of Alisma orientale on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages: absolute stereostructures of alismaketones-B 23-acetate and -C 23-acetate","volume":"9","author":"Matsuda","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bioorg. & Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2012.11.001","article-title":"Anticonvulsant action of indazole","volume":"104","author":"Matsumura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2015.01.020","article-title":"Alisol B 23-acetate protects against ANIT-induced hepatotoxity and cholestasis, due to FXR-mediated regulation of transporters and enzymes involved in bile acid homeostasis","volume":"283","author":"Meng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.7501\/j.issn.0253-2670.2023.05.029","article-title":"Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects ofAlisma rhizoma and its processed products","volume":"54","author":"Mengxiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. Traditional Herb. Drugs"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3829","DOI":"10.1002\/bmc.3829","article-title":"Urinary biomarker and treatment mechanism of rhizoma alismatis on hyperlipidemia","volume":"31","author":"Miao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Chromatogr."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112506","article-title":"Clinical application and pharmacological mechanism of wuling powder in the treatment of ascites: a systematic review and network pharmacological analysis","volume":"146","author":"Mou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed. & Pharmacother."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1248\/cpb.18.1347","article-title":"Biological-active trieterpenes of alismatis rhizoma. I. Isolation of the alisols","volume":"18","author":"Murata","year":"1970","journal-title":"Chem. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.13748\/j.cnki.issn1007-7693.20223844","article-title":"Evolvement of efficacy of alismatis rhizoma","volume":"41","author":"Niu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chin. J. Mod. Appl. Pharm."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n71","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical research ed.)"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415097","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/415097","article-title":"Ethanol extract ofAlismatis rhizomeInhibits adipocyte differentiation of OP9 cells","volume":"2014","author":"Park","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evidence-Based Complementary Altern. Med."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16333\/j.1001-6880.2006.02.041","article-title":"Progress in the study on chemical constituents of Alisma orientalis","author":"Peng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res. Dev."},{"key":"B83","volume-title":"Chinese medicine processing science","author":"Qiu","year":"2003"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155036","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.155036","article-title":"Zexie decoction reduce glucose-dependent lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"120","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.17.1666","article-title":"A glucan with immunological activities from the tuber of Alisma orientale","volume":"17","author":"Shimizu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1142\/s0192415x16500142","article-title":"Alisma orientale: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and pharmacology of an important traditional Chinese medicine","volume":"44","author":"Shu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Chin. Med."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5112","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28135112","article-title":"Quercetin and ferulic acid elicit estrogenic activities in vivo and in silico","volume":"28","author":"Slighoua","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357055317","article-title":"Polyphenols from plants used in traditional Indonesian medicine (Jamu): uptake and antioxidative effects in rat H4IIE hepatoma cells","volume":"57","author":"Steffan","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e921738","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.921738","article-title":"Alisma shugan decoction (ASD) ameliorates hepatotoxicity and associated liver dysfunction by inhibiting oxidative stress and p65\/Nrf2\/JunD signaling dysregulation in vivo","volume":"26","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.10.061","article-title":"Traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and quality control of (Sam.) Juzep: a review","volume":"158","author":"Tian","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.19540\/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200324.201","article-title":"Regional differences analysis of alismatis rhizoma based on UPLC characteristic chromatogram and determination of eight terpenoids","volume":"45","author":"Tian","year":"2020","journal-title":"China J. Chin. Materia Medica"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.17.572","article-title":"Characterization of an acidic polysaccharide having immunological activities from the tuber of Alisma orientale","volume":"17","author":"Tomoda","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"B93","first-page":"29","article-title":"Effect of different processing methods on dissolution of total components of rhizoma alismatis","author":"Wang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lishizhen Med. Materia Medica Res."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.13375\/j.cnki.wcjps.2008.06.014","article-title":"Basic study of diuretic active compounds in rhizoma alismatis","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"West China J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3432","DOI":"10.4268\/cjcmm20161819","article-title":"Study on nephrotoxicity of ethanol extract from alismatis rhizoma in rats and its molecular mechanism","volume":"41","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"China J. Chin. Materia Medica"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00172","article-title":"Alisol A 24-Acetate and alisol B 23-Acetate induced autophagy mediates apoptosis and nephrotoxicity in human renal proximal tubular cells","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2017.1408106","article-title":"A bioactive new protostane-type triterpenoid from Alisma plantago-aquatica subsp. orientale (sam.) sam","volume":"33","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8472","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.918252","article-title":"Alisol B 23-Acetate ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction by suppressing toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)\/NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) signaling pathway","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580073","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.580073","article-title":"Alisol A alleviates arterial plaque by activating AMPK\/SIRT1 signaling pathway in apoE-Deficient mice","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1007\/s00240-024-01565-4","article-title":"Carboxymethylated rhizoma alismatis polysaccharides reduces the risk of calcium oxalate stone formation by reducing cellular inflammation and oxidative stress","volume":"52","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Urolithiasis"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1008-7486.2013.01.002","article-title":"Experimental study on anti-stress effect of rhizoma alismatis before and after processing in Fujian province","volume":"16","author":"Wei","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Guangxi Univ. Chin. Med."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2284","DOI":"10.19962\/j.cnki.issn1008-049X.2021.12.031","article-title":"Determination of seven major components in different processed products of alismatis rhizoma","volume":"24","author":"Wei","year":"2021","journal-title":"China Pharm."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.13863\/j.issn1001-4454.1998.12.001","article-title":"Content variety of alisol B 23-Acetate in rhiozma alismatis reaped at different time","volume":"21","author":"Wen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Chin. Med. Mater."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.13286\/j.1001-5213.2022.01.01","article-title":"Determination and chemomterics analysis of contents in alismatis rhizoma decocted powder from different areas","volume":"42","author":"Weng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. J. Hosp. Pharm."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115722","article-title":"Potential of alisols as cancer therapeutic agents: investigating molecular mechanisms, pharmacokinetics and metabolism","volume":"168","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. & Pharmacother."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.21147\/j.issn.1000-9604.2019.02.12","article-title":"Alisol B 23-acetate-induced HepG2 hepatoma cell death through mTOR signaling-initiated G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis: a quantitative proteomic study","volume":"31","author":"Xia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin. J. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.7683\/xxyxyxb.2024.04.015","article-title":"Research progress of main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of alismatis rhizoma","volume":"41","author":"Xiao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Xinxiang Med. Univ."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2022.115101","article-title":"Zexie tang targeting FKBP38\/mTOR\/SREBPs pathway improves hyperlipidemia","volume":"290","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.2174\/1871520614666140601213514","article-title":"Anti-proliferative activities of terpenoids isolated from Alisma orientalis and their structure-activity relationships","volume":"15","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anti-Cancer Agents Med. Chem."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.260","article-title":"Molecular insight into the mechanism of lipid regulating effect of Alisma orientalis based on ACAT","volume":"158","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1005-5304.201906015","article-title":"Study on changes of chemical composition and diuretic effect in alismatis rhizoma after processing","volume":"27","author":"Yan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. J. Inf. Traditional Chin. Med."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-022-06479-3","article-title":"Evaluation of the safety and efficacy of a fuling-zexie decoction for people with asymptomatic hyperuricemia: protocol for a prospective, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial","volume":"23","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4714","DOI":"10.1039\/d1fo04386b","article-title":"Network pharmacology combined with metabolomics and lipidomics to reveal the hypolipidemic mechanism ofAlismatis rhizomain hyperlipidemic mice","volume":"13","author":"Yan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food & Funct."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.13422\/j.cnki.syfjx.20230866","article-title":"Comparative analysis of serum pharmacochemistry of alismatis RhizomaBefore and after salt processing based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS","volume":"29","author":"Yan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin. J. Exp. Traditional Med. Formulae"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.11954\/ytctyy.202401006","article-title":"Multi-index comprehensive evaluation of alismatis rhizoma processing technology","volume":"20","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Asia-Pacific Tradit. Med."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.3321\/j.issn:1673-8225.2004.06.064","article-title":"Effects of rhizome alismatis extract on blood biochemicalindices and insulin in hyperglycemic mice","author":"Yang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin. J. of Clin. Rehabilitation(06)"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2015.04.011","article-title":"Wuling san protects kidney dysfunction by inhibiting renal TLR4\/MyD88 signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in high fructose-induced hyperuricemic mice","volume":"169","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics12080556","article-title":"Actin dysregulation mediates nephrotoxicity of cassiae semen aqueous extracts","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Toxics"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1003-0719.2011.01.028","article-title":"Experimental study on diuretic effect of alismatis rhizoma before and after salt processing in Guangxi","volume":"34","author":"Zeng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Guangxi J. Traditional Chin. Med."},{"key":"B126","volume-title":"Synopsis of the golden chamber","author":"Zhang","year":"2018"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.3321\/j.issn:1001-5302.2009.08.016","article-title":"Chemical constituents of Alisma orientalis and their immunosuppressive function","volume":"34","author":"Zhang","year":"2009","journal-title":"China J. Chin. Materia Medica"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.13422\/j.cnki.syfjx.2012.10.059","article-title":"The invigorating spleen function by Alisma orientalis before and after processing","volume":"18","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chin. J. Exp. Traditional Med. Formulae"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2016.04.003","article-title":"Effects of alisol B 23-acetate on ovarian cancer cells: G1 phase cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, migration and invasion inhibition","volume":"23","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22091459","article-title":"Diuretic activity of compatible triterpene components of alismatis rhizoma","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28702","DOI":"10.1039\/c7ra04841f","article-title":"Novel protostane-type triterpenoids with inhibitory human carboxylesterase 2 activities","volume":"7","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13414","DOI":"10.1039\/c8nj02027b","article-title":"Orientalol L\u2013P, novel sesquiterpenes from the rhizome of Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juzep and their nephrotoxicity on HK2 cells","volume":"42","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"New J. Chem."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.6039\/j.issn.1001-0408.2018.01.11","article-title":"Improvement effects of Alisma orientalis polysaccharide on insulin resistance and lipid metabolism disorder in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats and its mechanism study","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"China Pharm."},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1001-1978.2019.09.011","article-title":"Hypoglycemic effect of alismoxide in type 2 diabetic mice","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin. Pharmacol. Bull."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2022.09.097","article-title":"ZeXie decoction alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats: the study of genes, lipids, and gut microbiotas","volume":"632","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophysical Res. Commun."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154342","article-title":"Novel triterpenoids from Alisma plantago-aquatica with influence on LDL uptake in HepG2 cells by inhibiting PCSK9","volume":"105","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114297","article-title":"Nephroprotective and nephrotoxic effects of rhubarb and their molecular mechanisms","volume":"160","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. & Pharmacother."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2749","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2017.1380024","article-title":"Chemical constituents from Alisma plantago-aquatica subsp. orientale (Sam.) Sam and their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities","volume":"32","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.13593\/j.cnki.51-1501\/r.2024.02.075","article-title":"Medicinal alisma rhizoma status about commodity specifications and grade division of Chinese","volume":"47","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Chengdu Univ. Traditional Chin. Med."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1005-9431.2005.03.025","article-title":"Overview of research on the source, harvesting and processing of rhizoma alismatis","author":"Zhong","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Jiangxi Univ. Chin. Med."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1001-859X.2007.03.032","article-title":"Experimental studies of nephrotoxicity induced by Alisma orientalis in rats","author":"Zhu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pharmacol. and Clin. of Chin. Materia Medica(03)"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1722483\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T12:02:35Z","timestamp":1764849755000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1722483\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"references-count":135,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphar.2025.1722483"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2025.1722483","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-9812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-9812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]]},"article-number":"1722483"}}