{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T17:25:10Z","timestamp":1791739510128,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) limits treatment adherence; this study aimed to develop optimized Granisetron hydrochloride buccal tablets to improve therapeutic performance and bioavailability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Tablets were prepared by direct compression and optimized using response surface methodology with HPMC K4M (X\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and carbomer 934P (X\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ). Compatibility was assessed by FT-IR and DSC, while mucoadhesion, t\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      , drug release, kinetics, and pharmacokinetics were evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      No drug\u2013excipient interactions were observed. The optimized formulation (F3; 50 mg HPMC K4M and 15 mg carbomer 934P) showed adequate mucoadhesion (8.25 \u00b1 0.12 g), prolonged release (t\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2248 323 \u00b1 0.35 min), and 70.23% \u00b1 2.14% release at 8 h. Release followed the korsmeyer\u2013peppas model, indicating anomalous transport. Pharmacokinetic studies showed significantly higher C\n                      <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                      and AUC than oral tablets (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\n                      <jats:italic>0.04<\/jats:italic>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The optimized buccal system provides controlled release and enhanced pharmacokinetic performance, suggesting a promising alternative approach for effective CINV management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1731072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T09:27:11Z","timestamp":1774517231000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Development and pharmacokinetic evaluation of granisetron hydrochloride buccal tablets for optimized chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) relief"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Chandrashekar","family":"Thalluri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam down town University (AdtU)","place":["Guwahati, Assam, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarad Pawar","family":"Naik Bukke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Kampala International University, Western Campus","place":["Kampala, Uganda"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malliukarjun","family":"Vasam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, Omega College of Pharmacy, Osmania University, Edulabad","place":["Hyderabad, Telangana, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jharna","family":"Medhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam down town University (AdtU)","place":["Guwahati, Assam, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ananda Kumar","family":"Chettupalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University","place":["Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bharath Kumar","family":"Mamilla Mugaiahgari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medical Services, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University","place":["Abha, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bayapa Reddy","family":"Narapureddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University","place":["Abha, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinod Kumar","family":"Yata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied and Healthcare Sciences, Malla Reddy University","place":["Hyderabad, Telangana, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravi","family":"Chander Thatipelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, Vaagdevi Pharmacy College","place":["Warangal, Telangana, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-018-4131-3","article-title":"CINV: still troubling patients after all these years","volume":"26","author":"Aapro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1073","DOI":"10.1002\/onco.13716","article-title":"Practice patterns for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and antiemetic guideline adherence based on real-world prescribing data","volume":"26","author":"Aapro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oncol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1676","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xphs.2020.10.033","article-title":"Freeze-dried matrices for buccal administration of propranolol in children: physico-chemical and functional characterization","volume":"110","author":"Abruzzo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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