{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T13:41:40Z","timestamp":1789393300387,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Tetrastigma bracteolatum: (Wall.) Planch, an indigenous plant of Bangladesh, is traditionally used for pain management. This study aimed to determine its biological activities through an integrated\n                      <jats:italic>in-vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>in-vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic>\n                      approaches.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Crude methanol extract was prepared using the maceration technique and fractionated into different solvent fractions. Antioxidant, thrombolytic, and membrane-stabilizing activities were assessed\n                      <jats:italic>in-vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , while antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, CNS-stimulating, and analgesic activities were performed\n                      <jats:italic>in-vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      using Swiss albino mice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among the fractions, the chloroform-soluble fraction (CSF) exhibited the highest phenolic content and membrane stabilizing activity, while the aqueous-soluble fraction (AQSF) demonstrated strong antioxidant properties. The petroleum ether fraction showed significant cytotoxic activity. The crude methanol extract exhibited potent antidiarrheal and hypoglycemic effects in mice, with efficacy comparable to standard drugs. The extract significantly exhibited CNS stimulating activity as well. Additionally, it demonstrated analgesic activity by significantly prolonging pain response times and reducing chemically induced pain behaviors in mice.\n                      <jats:italic>In-silico<\/jats:italic>\n                      docking studies revealed strong binding affinities of the extract\u2019s compounds against key biological targets involved in inflammation, pain modulation, and metabolic regulation. Moreover, toxicity predictions indicated that all compounds were non-toxic and free from carcinogenic effects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings suggest that\n                      <jats:italic>T. bracteolatum<\/jats:italic>\n                      possesses promising antioxidant, membrane-stabilizing, antidiarrheal, antihyperglycemic, antidepressant, and analgesic properties, supporting its potential therapeutic applications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1745518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T10:11:49Z","timestamp":1774347109000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Exploring the therapeutic potential of Tetrastigma bracteolatum (Wall.) Planch. methanol extract and its different fractions: in vitro, in vivo, and in silico approaches"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Fatima Anjum","family":"Faruquee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh","place":["Dhaka, Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tufael","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh","place":["Dhaka, Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baudrul Mohammad","family":"Shahjalal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi","place":["Oxford, MS, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Utsab","family":"Acharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi","place":["Oxford, MS, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Mississippi","place":["Oxford, MS, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Kauser","family":"Miah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer and Information Science, Gannon University","place":["Erie, PA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad A.","family":"Rashid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Dhaka","place":["Dhaka, Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safaet","family":"Alam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Research Division, BCSIR Dhaka Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR)","place":["Dhaka, Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan Seng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sir Jeffrey Cheah Sunway Medical School, Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University","place":["Sunway City, Malaysia"]},{"name":"Sunway Microbiome Centre, Faculty of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University","place":["Sunway City, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquibul","family":"Hasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University","place":["Atlanta, GA, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md. Moklesur Rahman","family":"Sarker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, State University of Bangladesh","place":["Dhaka, Bangladesh"]},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University","place":["Atlanta, GA, United States"]},{"name":"Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Division, Health Med Science Research Network","place":["Dhaka, Bangladesh"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohd Fahami","family":"Nur Azlina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (The National University of Malaysia)","place":["Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsin","family":"Kazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450121999201013154542","article-title":"Physcion and physcion 8-O-\u03b2-D-glucopyranoside: Natural anthraquinones with potential anticancer activities","volume":"22","author":"Adnan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Drug Targets"},{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/679810","article-title":"Traditional knowledge and formulations of medicinal plants used by the traditional medical practitioners of Bangladesh to treat schizophrenia like psychosis","volume":"2014","author":"Ahmed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schizophrenia Res. Treat."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.102","article-title":"Estimation of total phenolic content and other oxidation substrates in plant tissues using folin\u2013ciocalteu reagent","volume":"2","author":"Ainsworth","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952297","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2022.952297","article-title":"Development of new bioactive molecules to treat breast and lung cancer with natural myricetin and its derivatives: a computational and SAR approach","volume":"12","author":"Akash","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.31643\/2023\/6445.13","article-title":"SwissADME and pkCSM webservers predictors: an integrated online platform for accurate and comprehensive predictions for in silico ADME\/T properties of artemisinin and its derivatives","volume":"325","author":"Azzam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Complex Use Mineral Resources"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.04.028","article-title":"Lysosomal membrane stabilization and anti-inflammatory activity of Clerodendrum phlomidis L.f., a traditional medicinal plant","volume":"135","author":"Babu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B70","first-page":"1","article-title":"Oxidative stress index and antioxidant capacity of Lepista nuda collected from Gaziantep\/Turkey","volume":"37","author":"Bal","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sigma J. Eng. Nat. Sci."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2024.70.8.5","article-title":"Anti-COVID-19 drug discovery by flavonoid derivatives: an extensive computational drug design approach","volume":"70","author":"Banerjee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B7","first-page":"87","article-title":"An updated account of the name changes of the dicotyledonous plant species included in the vol: i (1934-36) and vol: II (1938) of \u201cFlora of Assam.\u201d","volume":"14","author":"Borah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Arch."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0023-6438(95)80008-5","article-title":"Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity","volume":"28","author":"Brand-Williams","year":"1995","journal-title":"LWT - Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.06.077","article-title":"Structural characterization and antidiabetic potential of a novel heteropolysaccharide from Grifola frondosa via IRS1\/PI3K-JNK signaling pathways","volume":"198","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2019.02.034","article-title":"Hypoglycemic activity and gut microbiota regulation of a novel polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa in type 2 diabetic mice","volume":"126","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2017.06.012","article-title":"Structures of human A 1 and A 2A adenosine receptors with xanthines reveal determinants of selectivity","volume":"25","author":"Cheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Structure"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42717","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42717","article-title":"SwissADME: a free web tool to evaluate pharmacokinetics, drug-likeness and medicinal chemistry friendliness of small molecules","volume":"7","author":"Daina","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2269-7_19","article-title":"Small-molecule library screening by docking with PyRx","volume":"1263","author":"Dallakyan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-7406.183227","article-title":"An experimental evaluation of adaptogenic potential of standardized Epipremnum aureum leaf extract","volume":"9","author":"Das","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Bioallied Sci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142301.nsa04bs15","article-title":"Mouse and rat Anesthesia and Analgesia","volume":"15","author":"Davis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Neurosci."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2690","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.8b02032","article-title":"Optimization of blood\u2013brain barrier permeability with potent and selective human neuronal Nitric oxide synthase inhibitors having a 2-Aminopyridine scaffold","volume":"62","author":"Do","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2739","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S271458","article-title":"Evaluation of analgesic activities of extracts of two marine molluscs: tympanotonus fuscatus var radula (Linnaeus) and Pachymelania aurita (M\u00fcller)","volume":"13","author":"Eghianruwa","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Pain Res."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"976764","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/976764","article-title":"Evaluation of analgesic activity of the methanol extract from the galls of Quercus infectoria (Olivier) in rats","volume":"2014","author":"Fan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Evid. Based Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1248\/jhs.56.304","article-title":"Enhancement of immunoglobulin M production in B cells by the extract of red bell pepper","volume":"56","author":"Goto","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Health Sci."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1007\/s11738-014-1736-0","article-title":"Study on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of extracts from shoot culture and regenerated plants of Scutellaria altissima L","volume":"37","author":"Grzegorczyk-Karolak","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. Plant."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2017.08.009","article-title":"Heme binding biguanides target cytochrome P450-Dependent cancer cell mitochondria","volume":"24","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1186\/s40816-018-0076-9","article-title":"Hepatoprotective, antihyperglycemic and antidiabetic effects of Dendrophthoe pentandra leaf extract in rats","volume":"4","author":"Hasan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Phytoscience"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116939","article-title":"Sclareol antagonizes the sedative effect of diazepam in thiopental sodium-induced sleeping animals: in vivo and in silico studies","volume":"176","author":"Hassan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"061","DOI":"10.17348\/era.8.0.61-74","article-title":"Traditional use of medicinal plants in Bangladesh to treat urinary tract infections and sexually transmitted diseases","volume":"8","author":"Hossan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ethnobot. Res. Appl."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.3923\/pjbs.2013.1796.1800","article-title":"Alpha amylase enzyme inhibitory and anti-inflammatory effect of Lawsonia inermis","volume":"16","author":"Imam","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pak. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s13596-022-00641-7","article-title":"In silico profiling of analgesic, antidiarrheal and antihyperglycemic properties of Tetrastigma bracteolatum (Wall.) leaves extract supported by in vivo studies","volume":"23","author":"Islam","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv. Traditional Med."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.05.007","article-title":"Ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, biological activities, and therapeutic applications of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau: a comprehensive review","volume":"206","author":"Kamarudin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B28","first-page":"915","article-title":"Free radical scavenging, antidiarrheal and anthelmintic activity of Pistia stratiotes L. extracts and its phytochemical analysis","volume":"28","author":"Karim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pak. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1510171","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1510171","article-title":"Evaluation of the antidiarrheal activity of the 80% hydromethanolic crude extract and solvent fractions of Terminalia brownii Fresen (Combretaceae) leaves in Swiss Albino mice","volume":"15","author":"Kassaw","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.25135\/acg.oc.122.2203.2397","article-title":"Chemical descriptors, PASS, molecular docking, molecular dynamics and ADMET predictions of glucopyranoside derivatives as inhibitors to bacteria and fungi growth","volume":"2","author":"Kawsar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Org. Commun."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1942","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2014.933350","article-title":"Alternative treatments for weight loss: safety\/risks and effectiveness of anti-obesity medicinal plants","volume":"18","author":"Kazemipoor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01223","article-title":"Comprehensive review on phytochemicals, pharmacological and clinical potentials of Gymnema sylvestre","volume":"10","author":"Khan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B33","first-page":"59","article-title":"Ethnomedical studies of chakma communities of Chittagong hill tracts, Bangladesh","volume":"15","author":"Khisha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bangladesh Pharm. J."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.4103\/1687-4315.205824","article-title":"Possible role of a compound identified from Pericampylus glaucus plant in controlling blood glucose in experimental animals","volume":"16","author":"Kifayatullah","year":"","journal-title":"Egypt. Pharm. J."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.4103\/1687-4315.205823","article-title":"Effect of compounds identified in the active fraction of pericampylus glaucus on blood glucose and lipid profiles in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"16","author":"Kifayatullah","year":"","journal-title":"Egypt. Pharm. J."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.25135\/acg.oc.116.2108.2188","article-title":"The computational screening of inhibitor for black fungus and white fungus by D-glucofuranose derivatives using in silico and SAR study","volume":"4","author":"Kumer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Org. Commun."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5623","DOI":"10.4067\/S0717-97072022000305623","article-title":"Modified D-glucofuranose computationally screening for inhibitor of breast cancer and triple breast cancer: Chemical descriptor, molecular docking, molecular dynamics and QSAR","volume":"67","author":"Kumer","year":"","journal-title":"J. Chil. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3694","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27123694","article-title":"Investigation of the new inhibitors by sulfadiazine and modified derivatives of \u03b1-D-glucopyranoside for white spot syndrome virus disease of shrimp by in silico: Quantum calculations, molecular docking, ADMET and molecular dynamics study","volume":"27","author":"Kumer","year":"","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-971236","article-title":"Brine shrimp: a convenient general bioassay for active plant constituents","volume":"45","author":"Meyer","year":"1982","journal-title":"Planta Medica"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4312","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83438-z","article-title":"Three-dimensional structure of human cyclooxygenase (hCOX)-1","volume":"11","author":"Miciaccia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-018-2100-5","article-title":"Screening of Baccaurea ramiflora (Lour.) extracts for cytotoxic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, neuropharmacological and antidiarrheal activities","volume":"18","author":"Nesa","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Complementary Altern. Med."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580289","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.580289","article-title":"Analgesic effect of acetaminophen: a review of known and novel mechanisms of action","volume":"11","author":"Ohashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.5958\/0974-4150.2021.00024.9","article-title":"Role of autodock vina in PyRx molecular docking","volume":"14","author":"Pawar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Asian J. Res. Chem."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1021\/np9904509","article-title":"Flavonoids as antioxidants","volume":"63","author":"Pietta","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0672-3","article-title":"Conformational transitions of the serotonin 5-HT3 receptor","volume":"563","author":"Polovinkin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-7-36","article-title":"Effect of Fagonia Arabica (dhamasa) on in vitro thrombolysis","volume":"7","author":"Prasad","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Complementary Altern. Med."},{"key":"B47","first-page":"167","article-title":"Ethnobotanical investigation of wild edible and medicinal plants used by the Chiru tribe of Manipur, India","volume":"7","author":"Rajkumari","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pleione"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"919773","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.919773","article-title":"Opioid receptor-mediated regulation of neurotransmission in the brain","volume":"15","author":"Reeves","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-1667-6","article-title":"The effect of pomegranate fresh juice versus pomegranate seed powder on metabolic indices, lipid profile, inflammatory biomarkers, and the histopathology of pancreatic islets of langerhans in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic sprague\u2013dawley rats","volume":"17","author":"Rouhi","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Complementary Altern. Med."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45763","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M305481200","article-title":"A novel mechanism of Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition involving interactions with Ser-530 and Tyr-385","volume":"278","author":"Rowlinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2013.09.013","article-title":"Promotion of anti-keyhole limpet hemocyanin IgM and IgG antibody productions in vitro by red bell pepper extract","volume":"5","author":"Sarker","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Funct. Foods"},{"key":"B52","first-page":"73","article-title":"In vitro enhancement of polyclonal IgM production by ethanolic extract of Nigella sativa L. seeds in whole spleen cells of female BALB\/c mice","volume":"14","author":"Sarker","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bangladesh Pharm. J."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.13040\/IJPSR.0975-8232.3(5).1294-99","article-title":"Effect of chandanasav, an Ayurvedic formulation, on mice whole splenocytes for the production of polyclonal IgM and proliferation of cells: a preliminary study","volume":"3","author":"Sarker","year":"","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Res. (IJPSR)"},{"key":"B54","first-page":"31","article-title":"Preliminary screening of six popular fruits of Bangladesh for in vitro IgM production and proliferation of splenocytes","volume":"15","author":"Sarker","year":"","journal-title":"Bangladesh Pharm. J."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1467","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2012.681329","article-title":"Preliminary study of the immunostimulating activity of an ayurvedic preparation, Kanakasava, on the splenic cells of BALB\/c mice in vitro","volume":"50","author":"Sarker","year":"","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"B56","first-page":"531","article-title":"In vitro assessment of prasarani sandhan, a traditional polyherbal ayurvedic medicine, for immunostimulating activity in splenic cells of BALB\/c mice","volume":"6","author":"Sarker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.31989\/ffhd.v5i12.220","article-title":"Antihyperglycemic, insulin-sensitivity and anti-hyperlipidemic potential of Ganoderma lucidum, a dietary mushroom, on alloxan- and glucocorticoid-induced diabetic long-evans rats","volume":"5","author":"Sarker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Funct. Foods Health Dis."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apjtb.2016.05.004","article-title":"Immunopotentiality of ayurvedic polyherbal formulations \u201cSaribadi\u201d and \u201cAnantamul Salsa\u201d with augmentation of IgM production and lymphocytes proliferation: a preliminary study","volume":"6","author":"Sarker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.3329\/jsr.v4i3.10485","article-title":"Induction of humoral immunity through the enhancement of IgM production in murine splenic cells by ethanolic extract of seed of Piper nigrum L","volume":"4","author":"Sarker","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Sci. Res."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5500","DOI":"10.33263\/BRIAC103.500506","article-title":"Antioxidant, antimicrobial and DNA protection activities of phenolic content of Tricholoma virgatum (Fr.) P. Kumm","volume":"10","author":"Selamoglu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biointerface Res. Appl. Chem."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1556\/066.2017.46.4.9","article-title":"Fomitopsis pinicola in healthful dietary approach and their therapeutic potentials","volume":"46","author":"Sevindik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Aliment."},{"key":"B60","first-page":"462","article-title":"Antidiabetic potential of Brassica oleracea Var. Italica in type 2 diabetic sprague dawley (SD) rats","volume":"8","author":"Shah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochemical Res."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00085","article-title":"Polymethoxyflavones from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia (Solanaceae) exert antinociceptive and neuropharmacological effects in mice","volume":"9","author":"Shajib","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.08.043","article-title":"Prophetic medicine as potential functional food elements in the intervention of cancer: a review","volume":"95","author":"Sheikh","year":"","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.10.038","article-title":"Antiproliferative and apoptosis inducing effects of citral via p53 and ROS-induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in human colorectal HCT116 and HT29 cell lines","volume":"96","author":"Sheikh","year":"","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2011.11.054","article-title":"Novel heterocyclic DPP-4 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes","volume":"22","author":"Sutton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"B65","unstructured":"Tetrastigma bracteolatum (Wall.) Planch\n          \n          \n          2010"},{"key":"B66","first-page":"68","article-title":"Anti-diabetic activity of compound \u201c2-[(trimethylsilyl) oxy]\u2014Methyl ester (cas) methyl-o-trim-ethyl-silylsalicylate\u201d isolated from Pericampylus glaucus (Lam) Merr in STZ-induced diabetic rats","volume":"8","author":"Ullah","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Basic Clin. Pharm. (JBCP)"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2024.101831","article-title":"Assessment of clot-lysing and membrane-stabilizing capacity of ascorbic acid: in vitro approach with molecular docking","volume":"13","author":"Yadav","year":"2024","journal-title":"Toxicol. Rep."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.3329\/dujps.v8i1.5337","article-title":"Preliminary anti-bacterial activity of some Indigenous plants of Bangladesh","volume":"8","author":"Yasmin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455091","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2024.1455091","article-title":"Pickle water ameliorates Castor oil-induced diarrhea in mice by regulating the homeostasis of the gut microbiota and intestinal mucosal barrier","volume":"11","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2026.1745518\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T10:11:52Z","timestamp":1774347112000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2026.1745518\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphar.2026.1745518"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2026.1745518","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-9812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-9812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"article-number":"1745518"}}