{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T07:09:18Z","timestamp":1778742558743,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is an exacerbation of acute mountain sickness, but also a distinct disease characterized by vasogenic and cytotoxic brain edema. Exploring alternative therapies, such as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Tibetan medicine (TM), is important. We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing research on the therapeutic effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of TCM and TM, encompassing herbal formulations, single botanical drugs, and their bioactive\n                      <jats:italic>metabolites<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We employed keywords such as \u201cTCM,\u201d \u201cTM,\u201d \u201cBotanical drug,\u201d \u201cHACE,\u201d and \u201cHypoxia\u201d to systematically retrieve studies on the therapeutic use of TCM and TM for HACE published up to May 2025, in databases including Web of Science, PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted analysis of 97 research articles, encompassing the latest advancements in the treatment of HACE using 4 TCM formulations, 12 single botanical drugs of TCM, 3\u00a0TM formulations, and five single botanical drugs of TM. Sources, effects, and molecular mechanisms of the TCM and TM were summarized.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We report the progress of traditional botanical drugs and their formulations derived from TCM and TM in the management of HACE, based on the medical practices and materia medica from the high mountain regions in Eastern Asia. We provide a foundation for the clinical application and further development of these medicinal resources.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1796921","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T06:23:07Z","timestamp":1778739787000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Therapeutic advances in traditional Chinese and Tibetan medicine for high-altitude cerebral edema"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yuhui","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University","place":["Dalian, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yupan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Research and Teaching Department of Comparative Medicine, Dalian Medical University","place":["Dalian, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liqiong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University","place":["Dalian, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ergen","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Research and Teaching Department of Comparative Medicine, Dalian Medical University","place":["Dalian, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziqi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Research and Teaching Department of Comparative Medicine, Dalian Medical University","place":["Dalian, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bingbing","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Teaching Department of Comparative Medicine, Dalian Medical University","place":["Dalian, Liaoning, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaoguang","family":"Sui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University","place":["Dalian, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanqi","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University","place":["Dalian, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00704.2003","article-title":"Pathophysiological significance of peroxidative stress, neuronal damage, and membrane permeability in acute mountain sickness","volume":"96","author":"Bailey","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. 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