{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:38:27Z","timestamp":1790635107116,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of Yang He decoction (YHD), a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula, against cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression in mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      An immunosuppression model was established in Kunming mice\n                      <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                      intraperitoneal injection of CTX (80\u00a0mg\/kg). The mice were then treated with low, medium, or high doses of YHD (50, 100, or 200\u00a0mg\/kg) or Astragalus polysaccharide (APS, 24\u00a0mg\/kg) as a positive control for 15 consecutive day. Body weight changes, immune organ (spleen and thymus) index and histopathology, splenic lymphocyte proliferation and cell cycle distribution, and serum levels of cytokines (IL-1\u03b2, IFN-\u03b3, TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, and IL-10) were systematically assessed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      YHD treatment significantly ameliorated CTX-induced immunosuppression. The medium dose (100\u00a0mg\/kg) increased body weight by 58.5% (vs. 17.3% in the APS group), restored the spleen index to 9.41 \u00b1 0.94 (0.52-fold vs. Model group 1.8 \u00b1 0.3), and enhanced ConA-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation (27.03% \u00b1 0.92% vs. Model group 10.60% \u00b1 4.78%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.01). Cell cycle analysis revealed that the percentage of S-phase cells increased from 4.13% to 13.47% in the YHDH group. YHD also rebalanced cytokines: the concentration of IL-1\u03b2 increased from 25.73 to 77.10\u00a0pg\/mL, while IL-10 decreased from 222.83 to 20.77\u00a0pg\/mL. Histopathology confirmed restoration of organ integrity without necrosis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The multiherbal formula YHD confers substantial protection against CTX-induced immunosuppression. Its mechanisms are associated with the restoration of immune organ integrity, promotion of lymphocyte activity, and rebalancing of the cytokine profile. These findings provide a pharmacological basis for the traditional use of YHD and support its potential as an adjuvant therapy for managing chemotherapy-related immunosuppression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1805534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T05:38:07Z","timestamp":1781588287000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Immunomodulatory effects of Yang He decoction on cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in mice: restoration of immune organ integrity and cytokine balance"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yubo","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital","place":["Binzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy","place":["Binzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenliang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University","place":["Sanya, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy","place":["Binzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2019na","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Aeronautics","place":["Binzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mimi","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital","place":["Binzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juanjuan","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Laboratory Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital","place":["Binzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songlin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shandong Binzhou Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Academy","place":["Binzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.9734\/bjmmr\/2012\/1228","article-title":"Modulatory effect of a unani formulation (Jawarish amla sada) on Cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity in tumour bearing mice","volume":"2","author":"Ahmad","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. 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