{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T07:01:34Z","timestamp":1780038094897,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been increasing worldwide. In the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases, including T2DM, both the quantity and quality of lipids that accumulate in the body have attracted significant research attention. Excess lipids accumulate in non-adipose tissues, such as the liver and skeletal muscles, leading to insulin resistance and an increased risk of developing T2DM. The liver is the central organ for glucose and lipid metabolism, and impaired hepatic regulatory mechanisms lead to hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and hepatic lipid accumulation. Hepatic triglyceride (TG) accumulation contributes to the development of hepatic insulin resistance; however, the quantity of TGs alone is insufficient to explain the development of glucose and lipid metabolic dysfunctions. Thus, we focus on lipid quality, particularly fatty acids. In addition to TGs, phospholipids store fatty acids, which vary in carbon chain length, number of double bonds, and position of double bonds (such as \u03c93 and \u03c96), resulting in lipid diversity. Changes in the fatty acid chains of phospholipids are also strongly associated with glucose and lipid metabolism. In this mini review, we discuss the involvement of hepatic lipid quantity and quality in T2DM, with the aim of contributing to the development of novel T2DM therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1816958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T06:02:57Z","timestamp":1780034577000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hepatic lipid quantity and quality in type 2 diabetes mellitus"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Kahori","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Osaka","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Shindou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Lipid Life Science, National Institute of Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security","place":["Tokyo, Japan"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Lipid Science, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo","place":["Tokyo, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Ohtani University","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Mizuguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Osaka","place":["Osaka, Japan"]},{"name":"Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, The University of Osaka","place":["Osaka, Japan"]},{"name":"Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, The University of Osaka","place":["Osaka, Japan"]},{"name":"Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, The University of Osaka","place":["Osaka, Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.4103\/ajm.ajm_53_20","article-title":"Pathophysiology of diabetes: an overview","volume":"10","author":"Banday","year":"2020","journal-title":"Avicenna J. 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