{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T05:24:42Z","timestamp":1786944282317,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011659","name":"L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 Fakulta, Masarykova Univerzita","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Harmane (HAR) is a beta\u2010carboline alkaloid found in plants, heat\u2010processed foods, and tobacco. It is an active component of widely used antidepressant and anxiolytic herbs. In this study, we investigate the effects of HAR on rat CYP enzymes both\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      and examine the interactions between HAR and human CYP enzymes through\n                      <jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic>\n                      methods.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The impact of subchronic premedication with HAR at doses of 25, 40, and 64 mg\/kg on CYP enzyme activity was evaluated in rats using CYP\u2010specific probe substrates of CYP1A2, CYP2A, CYP2B, CYP2C6, CYP2C11, CYP2D1\/2, and CYP3A1\/2.\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      inhibitory assays of HAR were conducted. Finally, HAR was docked\n                      <jats:italic>in silico<\/jats:italic>\n                      into human CYP enzyme active sites.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results and Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      HAR premedication significantly decreased the protein content and metabolic activity of rat CYP2B1, CYP2C11, CYP2D1\/2, and CYP3A1\/2.\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , HAR showed moderate inhibition of CYP2A1 and CYP3A1\/2 (IC50 values of 14.0 and 1.2 \u00b5M, respectively) and no inhibition of the other enzymes tested.\n                      <jats:italic>In silico<\/jats:italic>\n                      docking studies with human CYP enzymes confirmed that HAR has the potential for CYP\u2010mediated drug\u2013drug inhibitory interactions. In summary, HAR significantly inhibited the activities of several drug\u2010metabolizing CYP enzymes in the preclinical model. These findings suggest the need for further research into HAR\u2019s pharmacokinetic interactions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1863858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T04:36:09Z","timestamp":1786941369000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Harmane inhibits hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes in rats"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Kl\u00e1skov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University","place":["Brno, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Zendulka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University","place":["Brno, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Pe\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University","place":["Brno, Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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