{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T05:46:04Z","timestamp":1785735964237,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Rubus parvifolius<\/jats:italic>\n                      L (M\u00e1om\u00e9i; Rosaceae) is a medicinal shrub widely used in southern Chinese folk medicine for haemorrhage, traumatic injury, inflammatory disorders, and certain cancers. Over the past 3\u00a0decades, increasing phytochemical and pharmacological investigation has expanded the preclinical literature for this species.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This review critically summarises the ethnomedicinal background, phytochemistry, pharmacology, extraction methodology, quality control, and toxicological evidence relating to\n                      <jats:italic>R. parvifolius<\/jats:italic>\n                      , while identifying key translational limitations and future research priorities.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Literature published between 1988 and May 2026 was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and SciFinder using \u201c\n                      <jats:italic>Rubus parvifolius<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u201d and its major Chinese synonyms (\u8305\u8393, \u86c7\u6ce1\u7c15, \u4e09\u6708\u6ce1) without language restriction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      More than 60 individual metabolites have been identified across seven structural classes, with ursane- and oleanane-type pentacyclic triterpenoids and their saponins as the predominant pharmacologically investigated class. Preclinical studies\u2014primarily of TSRP (total saponins of\n                      <jats:italic>R. parvifolius<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) \u2014 report anti-tumour, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-fatigue, and anti-osteoclastogenic activities in cell-based and rodent models. Seven studies published during 2024\u20132025 have added substantially to this evidence base, contributing a four-tier botanical identification framework, an integrated UPLC-MS\/MS plus network pharmacology characterisation of root metabolites, and the first reports of imatinib-resistance reversal and of ferroptosis-associated hepatic activity. A recent quantitative characterisation of leaf-flavonoid composition in an atopic dermatitis model and a GC-MS chemotaxonomic comparison across three\n                      <jats:italic>Rubus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species further refine the species-specific evidence base. The evidence remains predominantly preclinical, with mechanistic findings consisting largely of pathway-associated expression changes rather than experimentally validated mechanisms.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>R. parvifolius<\/jats:italic>\n                      possesses a pharmacologically diverse chemical profile with broad preclinical activity consistent with several traditional indications. Current evidence is preclinical and should be regarded as hypothesis-generating. Future priorities include pharmacokinetic studies, standardised extract characterisation, regulatory-grade toxicology, and clinically relevant oral-route validation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1871424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T05:30:38Z","timestamp":1785735038000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of Rubus parvifolius L (M\u00e1om\u00e9i): evidence and translational challenges"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Boshi","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine Department, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center\/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer\/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hu","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center\/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer\/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center\/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer\/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College","place":["Shenzhen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7758","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules17077758","article-title":"Characterization of the antibacterial activity and the chemical components of the volatile oil of the leaves of Rubus parvifolius L","volume":"17","author":"Cai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"BSR20201178","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20201178","article-title":"Total saponins from Rubus parvifolius L. inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion of malignant melanoma in vitro and in vivo","volume":"41","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biosci. 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