{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T06:08:24Z","timestamp":1784268504340,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic pain is a global healthcare issue. Mechanistic insight into pain mechanisms in the brain is needed. Increasing evidence has demonstrated a critical role for neuroimmune signaling factors in the pathogenesis of chronic pain. The amygdala, a bilateral limbic structure, is involved in the emotional-affective dimensions of pain and pain-modulation. There is good evidence for pain-related hemispheric lateralization in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) in different pain models, but pain-related lateralization of neuroimmune signaling in the CeA remains to be determined. This study addressed the question if the well-documented right-hemispheric lateralization in pain conditions also occurs with the exogenous activation of neuroimmune signaling, which would suggest intrinsic differences between right and left CeA as the basis for pain-related hemispheric lateralization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To do so, either lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist, or polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (PolyI:C), a TLR3 agonist, was injected stereotaxically into the CeA. Mechanosensitivity, emotional-affective responses, and anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated in male and female rats 3 and 7 days post drug administration. Left and right CeA were collected at the end of the experiments for Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis from female rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our results suggest that both right and left CeA are capable of generating sensory and emotional pain-like behaviors when activated exogenously by immunostimulants at the early stage (day 3) of neuroimmune activation in both sexes. At the later stage (day 7), sex-, treatment- and hemisphere-specific differences emerged with a TLR3-mediated right hemispheric CeA lateralization in females but not in males. qRT-PCR analysis confirmed local neuroimmune activation in both right and left CeA, with treatment-dependent gene expression changes occurring mainly ipsilateral to the injection site.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Therefore, exogenous neuroimmune activation is possible in both the left and right CeA and generates pain-like behaviors initially, whereas females, but not males, develop lateralization subsequently, perhaps suggesting resilience developing in the left but not right CeA in terms of output and coupling to pain modulatory systems. Mechanistic insights into the hemispheric lateralization of neuroimmune signaling-related pain modulation in the amygdala may aid the development of therapeutic strategies for chronic pain relief.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1883574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T05:43:54Z","timestamp":1784267034000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sex-specific lateralization of the effects of exogenously-induced neuroimmune activation in the amygdala on pain-like behaviors"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mariacristina","family":"Mazzitelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peyton","family":"Presto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sambantham","family":"Shanmugam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nico","family":"Antenucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garrett","family":"Welch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bovie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brianna","family":"Mendoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takaki","family":"Kiritoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Ponomarev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Neugebauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]},{"name":"Center of Excellence for Translational Neuroscience and Therapeutics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]},{"name":"Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center","place":["Lubbock, TX, United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-5-17","article-title":"Neuroinflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide is exacerbated in mice genetically deficient in cyclooxygenase-2","volume":"5","author":"Aid","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403764","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1403764","article-title":"Toll-like receptors and integrins crosstalk","volume":"15","author":"Alhamdan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443552","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1443552","article-title":"Kojic acid reverses LPS-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment by regulating the TLR4\/NF-kappaB signaling pathway","volume":"15","author":"Ali","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-025-05299-1","article-title":"Polyinosinic polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) induces neuronal cell death through NF-kappaB-Mediated inflammation in human microglia and neuroinflammation-induced cognitive impairment in mice","volume":"63","author":"Altahrawi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.3390\/life14050582","article-title":"Neuroactive steroids, toll-like receptors, and neuroimmune regulation: insights into their impact on neuropsychiatric disorders","volume":"14","author":"Balan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2018.06.021","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammatory priming potentiates painful post-traumatic trigeminal neuropathy","volume":"194","author":"Boucher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001306","article-title":"Targeting toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4)-an emerging therapeutic target for persistent pain states","volume":"159","author":"Bruno","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022622","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2022.1022622","article-title":"The poly I:C maternal immune stimulation model shows unique patterns of brain metabolism, morphometry, and plasticity in female rats","volume":"16","author":"Casquero-Veiga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Behav. Neurosci."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2017.10.016","article-title":"Exotoxins and endotoxins: inducers of inflammatory cytokines","volume":"149","author":"Cavaillon","year":"2018","journal-title":"Toxicon"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-016-2119-2","article-title":"Upregulated TLR3 promotes neuropathic pain by regulating autophagy in rat with L5 spinal nerve ligation model","volume":"42","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2018.11.021","article-title":"Chemokine CXCL10\/CXCR3 signaling contributes to neuropathic pain in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia after chronic constriction injury in rats","volume":"694","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1515\/mr-2023-0034","article-title":"Macrophages and microglia in inflammation and neuroinflammation underlying different pain states","volume":"3","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. Rev. (2021)"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2583","DOI":"10.2147\/jpr.s509541","article-title":"The CXCL12\/CXCR4 axis: an emerging therapeutic target for chronic pain","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pain Res."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703434","article-title":"Cytokine-mediated inflammatory hyperalgesia limited by interleukin-1 receptor antagonist","volume":"130","author":"Cunha","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2023.578273","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide-induced animal models for neuroinflammation - an overview","volume":"387","author":"da Silva","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e49","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002307","article-title":"Central amygdala inflammation drives pain hypersensitivity and attenuates morphine analgesia in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"163","author":"Dworsky-Fried","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2010.01.002","article-title":"Chemokines, neuronal-glial interactions, and central processing of neuropathic pain","volume":"126","author":"Gao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2650","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13112650","article-title":"The role of the CCR5 receptor in neuropathic pain modulation: current insights and therapeutic implications","volume":"13","author":"Garcia-Dominguez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2012.11.010","article-title":"Poly I:C-induced activation of the immune response is accompanied by depression and anxiety-like behaviours, kynurenine pathway activation and reduced BDNF expression","volume":"28","author":"Gibney","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3621","article-title":"Pathological pain and the neuroimmune interface","volume":"14","author":"Grace","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10717","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4112-05.2005","article-title":"Critical role of calcitonin gene-related peptide 1 receptors in the amygdala in synaptic plasticity and pain behavior","volume":"25","author":"Han","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2012.86","article-title":"Double-stranded RNA induces molecular and inflammatory signatures that are directly relevant to COPD","volume":"6","author":"Harris","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2947","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19102947","article-title":"Systemic lipopolysaccharide-induced pain sensitivity and spinal inflammation were reduced by minocycline in neonatal rats","volume":"19","author":"Hsieh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00166.2009","article-title":"Hemispheric lateralization of pain processing by amygdala neurons","volume":"102","author":"Ji","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-9-2","article-title":"Non-pain-related CRF1 activation in the amygdala facilitates synaptic transmission and pain responses","volume":"9","author":"Ji","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Pain"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2468-16.2016","article-title":"5-HT(2C) receptor knockdown in the Amygdala inhibits neuropathic-pain-related plasticity and behaviors","volume":"37","author":"Ji","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0000000000002130","article-title":"Neuroinflammation and central sensitization in chronic and widespread pain","volume":"129","author":"Ji","year":"2018","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999407","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.999407","article-title":"Interleukin-17 as a potential therapeutic target for chronic pain","volume":"13","author":"Jiang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13101479","article-title":"Reelin signaling in neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"13","author":"Joly-Amado","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16206","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.16206","article-title":"Unraveling the role of oligodendrocytes and myelin in pain","volume":"169","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2025.12.003","article-title":"Neuropeptides in control of left-right neural circuits","volume":"49","author":"Kolber","year":"2026","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2017.10.006","article-title":"Toll-like receptors and their role in persistent pain","volume":"184","author":"Lacagnina","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.13128","article-title":"CXCL12\/CXCR4 signaling contributes to neuropathic pain via central sensitization mechanisms in a rat spinal nerve ligation model","volume":"25","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"CNS Neurosci. Ther."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-022-00960-5","article-title":"Toll-like receptors and their role in neuropathic pain and migraine","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Brain"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci13121704","article-title":"Reelin signaling and synaptic plasticity in schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"Markiewicz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2022.109031","article-title":"Optogenetic manipulations of CeA-CRF neurons modulate pain- and anxiety-like behaviors in neuropathic pain and control rats","volume":"210","author":"Mazzitelli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368634","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1368634","article-title":"Impaired amygdala astrocytic signaling worsens neuropathic pain-associated neuronal functions and behaviors","volume":"15","author":"Mazzitelli","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14070476","article-title":"BDNF signaling and pain modulation","volume":"14","author":"Mazzitelli","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/35100529","article-title":"Toll-like receptors and innate immunity","volume":"1","author":"Medzhitov","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2018.12.008","article-title":"The sex-specific effects of LPS on depressive-like behavior and oxidative stress in the hippocampus of the mouse","volume":"399","author":"Millett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1744806918807102","DOI":"10.1177\/1744806918807102","article-title":"Predominant synaptic potentiation and activation in the right central amygdala are independent of bilateral parabrachial activation in the hemilateral trigeminal inflammatory pain model of rats","volume":"14","author":"Miyazawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Pain"},{"key":"B42","first-page":"101","volume-title":"Amygdala Physiology in Pain, Handbook of Behavioral Neuroscience","author":"Neugebauer","year":"2020"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15625","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005807107","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 3 inhibits memory retention and constrains adult hippocampal neurogenesis","volume":"107","author":"Okun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.01.029","article-title":"Lipid dynamics in LPS-induced neuroinflammation by DESI-MS imaging","volume":"79","author":"Oliveira-Lima","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2023.114249","article-title":"Sex-dependent deficits in associative learning across multiple LPS doses","volume":"268","author":"Patel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928587","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.928587","article-title":"Sex differences in CGRP regulation and function in the amygdala in a rat model of neuropathic pain","volume":"15","author":"Presto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2022.109030","article-title":"Sex differences in pain along the neuraxis","volume":"210","author":"Presto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11944","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241511944","article-title":"Hmgb1 silencing in the amygdala inhibits pain-related behaviors in a rat model of neuropathic pain","volume":"24","author":"Presto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15090775","article-title":"Molecular signatures of maladaptive plasticity in the amygdala in a rat model of chronic neuropathic pain","volume":"15","author":"Presto","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4403","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15204403","article-title":"Turmeric bioactive compounds alleviate spinal nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain by suppressing glial activation and improving mitochondrial function in spinal cord and amygdala","volume":"15","author":"Santos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2008.73","article-title":"Analyzing real-time PCR data by the comparative C(T) method","volume":"3","author":"Schmittgen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4053","article-title":"Different immune cells mediate mechanical pain hypersensitivity in male and female mice","volume":"18","author":"Sorge","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"B53","volume-title":"Chronic Pain","author":"Stretanski","year":"2025"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2721","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00946.2015","article-title":"Synaptic and network consequences of monosynaptic nociceptive inputs of parabrachial nucleus origin in the central amygdala","volume":"115","author":"Sugimura","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8296501","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8296501","article-title":"Amygdala plasticity and pain","volume":"2017","author":"Thompson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pain Res. Manag."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s12990-015-0055-9","article-title":"Small-conductance calcium-activated potassium (SK) channels in the amygdala mediate pain-inhibiting effects of clinically available riluzole in a rat model of arthritis pain","volume":"11","author":"Thompson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Pain"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2010.08.106","article-title":"Identification and validation of reference genes for expression studies in a rat model of neuropathic pain","volume":"400","author":"Wan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.03.001","article-title":"Systemic inflammation induces anxiety disorder through CXCL12\/CXCR4 pathway","volume":"56","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16032","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-52405-0","article-title":"Inhibiting the LPS-induced enhancement of mEPSC frequency in superficial dorsal horn neurons may serve as an electrophysiological model for alleviating pain","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.06.024","article-title":"Minocycline blocks lipopolysaccharide induced hyperalgesia by suppression of microglia but not astrocytes","volume":"221","author":"Yoon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585146","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.585146","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide recognition in the crossroads of TLR4 and Caspase-4\/11 mediated inflammatory pathways","volume":"11","author":"Zamyatina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01543-z","article-title":"Extracellular RNAs-TLR3 signaling contributes to cognitive impairment after chronic neuropathic pain in mice","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target Ther."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e94586","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094586","article-title":"Antinociceptive effect of tetrandrine on LPS-induced hyperalgesia via the inhibition of IKKbeta phosphorylation and the COX-2\/PGE(2) pathway in mice","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5790","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42286-8","article-title":"Neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide causes cognitive impairment in mice","volume":"9","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4603","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2019.10713","article-title":"Effects of the transcription factor Olig1 on the differentiation and remyelination of oligodendrocyte precursor cells after focal cerebral ischemia in rats","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Med. Rep."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2026.1883574\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T05:43:55Z","timestamp":1784267035000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2026.1883574\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"references-count":65,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphar.2026.1883574"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2026.1883574","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-9812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-9812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"article-number":"1883574"}}