{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T06:15:49Z","timestamp":1788156949379,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Magnocurarine is an alkaloid isolated from several traditional Asian medicinal plants, including Magnolia and Harrisonia species. Previous studies have reported its anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities with relatively low cytotoxicity. However, the anticancer activity of magnocurarine, particularly its effects on prostate cancer cell migration and invasion, has not been well characterized.\n                    <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study aims to investigate the effects of magnocurarine on the migration and invasion of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    DU145 and PC3 cells were treated with non-toxic concentrations of magnocurarine (0-40 \u00b5M), and migration and invasion capabilities were evaluated using scratch wound healing and transwell invasion assays, gelatin zymography, and western blot analysis.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Magnocurarine significantly reduced the migration and invasion of CRPC cells in a dose-dependent manner (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The inhibitory effects were associated with decreased activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9, together with reduced expression of invasion-related proteins including uPA, uPAR, and MT1-MMP. In addition, magnocurarine suppressed the expression of mesenchymal markers, including N-cadherin, vimentin, and fibronectin. Further investigation showed that magnocurarine decreased the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 without altering total protein expression, suggesting suppression of MAPK signaling activation.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    These findings indicate that magnocurarine attenuates migratory and invasive phenotypes in CRPC cells and is associated with reduced activation of MAPK signaling. This study provides initial evidence supporting the anti-migratory and anti-invasive effects of magnocurarine in prostate cancer cells and suggests its potential for further investigation as a phytochemical-derived drug candidate in advanced prostate cancer.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1903084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T05:40:41Z","timestamp":1788154841000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Magnocurarine inhibits migration and invasion by suppressing mesenchymal marker expression and MAPK signaling in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Warathit","family":"Semmarath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University","place":["Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"]},{"name":"Centre for One Health, Walailak University","place":["Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Punnida","family":"Arjsri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University","place":["Chiang Mai, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamonwan","family":"Srisawad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University","place":["Chiang Mai, Thailand"]},{"name":"Anticarcinogenesis and Apoptosis Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University","place":["Chiang Mai, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilaiporn","family":"Thippraphan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University","place":["Chiang Mai, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Intranee","family":"Intanil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University","place":["Chiang Mai, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonthaya","family":"Umsumarng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University","place":["Chiang Mai, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pornngarm","family":"Dejkriengkraikul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University","place":["Chiang Mai, Thailand"]},{"name":"Anticarcinogenesis and Apoptosis Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University","place":["Chiang Mai, Thailand"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1007\/s44446-025-00056-w","article-title":"Targeting the PI3K\/AKT\/mTOR signaling pathway in prostate cancer: molecular dysregulation, therapeutic advances, and future directions","volume":"34","author":"Alobid","year":"2026","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm. 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