{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T05:16:28Z","timestamp":1788498988663,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788480000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this study, the potential protective effects of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and glutathione (GSH) against atezolizumab-induced cardiac injury in rat heart tissue were investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 24 male albino Wistar rats were used in the experiment. The animals were divided into four groups: healthy group adenosine triphosphate + atezolizumab (ATAZ), GSH + atezolizumab (GHAZ), and atezolizumab alone (ATZ). ATP was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 4\u00a0mg\/kg, while GSH was administered orally at a dose of 200\u00a0mg\/kg for 7 days. Atezolizumab was administered intraperitoneally to the experimental groups at a dose of 10\u00a0mg\/kg twice weekly. At the end of the experiment, malondialdehyde total glutathione (tGSH), superoxide dismutase catalase, interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in heart tissues were measured using biochemical methods. In addition, histopathological and immunofluorescence examinations were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results showed that oxidative stress and inflammation markers increased, whereas antioxidant parameters decreased in the atezolizumab-treated group. ATP and GSH administration significantly attenuated these changes and exerted protective effects on cardiac tissue.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, ATP and GSH ameliorated the biochemical, histopathological, and immunofluorescence changes associated with atezolizumab-induced cardiac injury in this experimental model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1914819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T04:27:13Z","timestamp":1788496033000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of adenosine triphosphate and reduced glutathione on biochemical, histopathological and immunofluorescence alterations associated with atezolizumab-induced cardiac tissue injury"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yesim Kaya","family":"Yasar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Karadeniz Technical University","place":["Trabzon, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esra Tuba","family":"Sezgin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anesthesia Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Erzincan Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m University","place":["Erzincan, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahadir","family":"Suleyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m University","place":["Erzincan, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renad","family":"Mammadov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m University","place":["Erzincan, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Ozkaraca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cumhuriyet University","place":["Sivas, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Gungor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory and Veterinary Health Program, Vocational School of Health Services, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University","place":["Osmaniye, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taha Abdulkadir","family":"Coban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m University","place":["Erzincan, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halis","family":"Suleyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m University","place":["Erzincan, T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Cellular and Molecular Immunology","author":"Abbas","year":"2021"},{"key":"B2","volume-title":"Atezolizumab","author":"Aleem","year":"2026"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2022.109334","article-title":"Recent advances in atezolizumab-based programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade therapy for breast cancer","volume":"113","author":"Ameri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. 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