{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:03:45Z","timestamp":1789625025768,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Podocyte injury is a critical event in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), with oxidative stress as a central pathogenic mechanism. Despite the efficacy of finerenone in mitigating CKD progression, its precise cytoprotective mechanisms within podocytes remain incompletely defined. This study aimed to elucidate the role of dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9) in podocyte injury and determine whether finerenone exerts its renoprotective effects via DPP9\u2010mediated antioxidant effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Integrated bioinformatic analyses of single\u2010cell and bulk transcriptomic databases (KIT, NephroSeq) were performed, with validation in renal biopsies from patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and in murine models of DKD and adriamycin\u2010induced nephropathy.\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , immortalized human podocyte (HPC) cells were stimulated with high glucose or adriamycin, with DPP9 knockdown or overexpression. RNA sequencing and immunoprecipitation assays were utilized to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms and protein interactions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      DPP9 was significantly downregulated in injured podocytes from both human and murine models. DPP9 overexpression activated NRF2\u2010mediated antioxidant responses, protecting podocytes from injury, whereas DPP9 depletion exacerbated cellular damage. Finerenone upregulated DPP9 protein levels, which subsequently enhanced DPP9-KEAP1 binding and competitively disrupted the NRF2\u2010KEAP1 interaction, leading to NRF2 stabilization and activation. Consequently, finerenone improved renal function and alleviated pathological damage\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study identifies DPP9 as a critical mediator of podocyte antioxidant defense and establishes that the therapeutic efficacy of finerenone is, at least in part, dependent on the upregulation of DPP9.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1930044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:32:18Z","timestamp":1789623138000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Targeting DPP9 attenuates podocyte injury by regulating NRF2 antioxidant signaling"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Chenkai","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"International Joint Research Center on Injury and Repair of Urinary System, Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shizhuo","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"International Joint Research Center on Injury and Repair of Urinary System, Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianpeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"International Joint Research Center on Injury and Repair of Urinary System, Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"International Joint Research Center on Injury and Repair of Urinary System, Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shokhida","family":"Naimova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Bukhara State Medical Institute","place":["Bukhara, Uzbekistan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"International Joint Research Center on Injury and Repair of Urinary System, Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haodong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"International Joint Research Center on Injury and Repair of Urinary System, Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinhong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"International Joint Research Center on Injury and Repair of Urinary System, Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruoyan","family":"Si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linting","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"International Joint Research Center on Injury and Repair of Urinary System, Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuqian","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"International Joint Research Center on Injury and Repair of Urinary System, Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Shaanxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Joint Research Center on Cell Stress and Disease Diagnosis and Therapy, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongguo","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]},{"name":"International Joint Research Center on Injury and Repair of Urinary System, Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University","place":["Xi\u2019an, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab777","article-title":"Cardiovascular and kidney outcomes with finerenone in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: the FIDELITY pooled analysis","volume":"43","author":"Agarwal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2410659","article-title":"Finerenone with empagliflozin in chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes","volume":"393","author":"Agarwal","year":"2025","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1580645","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2025.1580645","article-title":"Finerenone in diabetic kidney disease: a new frontier for slowing disease progression","volume":"12","author":"Alhomoud","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Med. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.30574","article-title":"Myeloid PTEN deficiency aggravates renal inflammation and fibrosis in angiotensin II-induced hypertension","volume":"237","author":"An","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2250","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.16096","article-title":"Jumonji domain-containing protein-3 (JMJD3) promotes myeloid fibroblast activation and macrophage polarization in kidney fibrosis","volume":"180","author":"An","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2219","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2025845","article-title":"Effect of finerenone on chronic kidney disease outcomes in type 2 diabetes","volume":"383","author":"Bakris","year":"2020","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-021-00490-8","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in diabetic kidney disease - mechanistic and therapeutic effects","volume":"18","author":"Barrera-Chimal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3940","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.can-22-4001","article-title":"DPP9 stabilizes NRF2 to suppress ferroptosis and induce sorafenib resistance in clear cell renal cell carcinoma","volume":"83","author":"Chang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1002871","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.1002871","article-title":"New insights into the role of dipeptidyl peptidase 8 and dipeptidyl peptidase 9 and their inhibitors","volume":"13","author":"Cui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8477","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.24.19.8477-8486.2004","article-title":"The Keap1-BTB protein is an adaptor that bridges Nrf2 to a Cul3-based E3 ligase: oxidative stress sensing by a Cul3-Keap1 ligase","volume":"24","author":"Cullinan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564847","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2025.1564847","article-title":"Podocytes in health and glomerular disease","volume":"13","author":"Cunanan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2025.08.030","article-title":"Critical role of transcription factor SOX4 in tubular epithelial cell dedifferentiation and fibroblast activation during kidney fibrosis","volume":"109","author":"Du","year":"2026","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10882","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252010882","article-title":"Crosstalk of hyperglycaemia and cellular mechanisms in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease","volume":"25","author":"Efiong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4135","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15773","article-title":"The potential role of finerenone in patients with type 1 diabetes and chronic kidney disease","volume":"26","author":"Escobar Vasco","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes. Metab."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.095","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid interaction with glycated albumin downregulates NRF - 2 signaling pathway in renal cells: insights into diabetic nephropathy","volume":"220","author":"Gaikwad","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00815-3","article-title":"Role of biophysics and mechanobiology in podocyte physiology","volume":"20","author":"Haydak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(25)01942-7","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease","volume":"407","author":"Herrington","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03350-4","article-title":"DPP9 sequesters the C terminus of NLRP1 to repress inflammasome activation","volume":"592","author":"Hollingsworth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4107","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201902200RR","article-title":"Jmjd3 regulates inflammasome activation and aggravates DSS-induced colitis in mice","volume":"34","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03320-w","article-title":"Structural and biochemical mechanisms of NLRP1 inhibition by DPP9","volume":"592","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1161\/hypertensionaha.124.22068","article-title":"Mechanistic insights into redox damage of the podocyte in hypertension","volume":"82","author":"Ilatovskaya","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.04.06.647438","article-title":"TEAD1 is a novel regulator of NRF2 and oxidative stress response in cardiomyocytes","author":"Jagannathan","year":"2025","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i29","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfae241","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism for non-diabetic kidney disease","volume":"40","author":"Jaisser","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transpl."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3057","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10113057","article-title":"STAT6 deficiency attenuates myeloid fibroblast activation and macrophage polarization in experimental folic acid nephropathy","volume":"10","author":"Jiao","year":"","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735014","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.735014","article-title":"Pharmacological inhibition of STAT6 ameliorates myeloid fibroblast activation and alternative macrophage polarization in renal fibrosis","volume":"12","author":"Jiao","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.17412","article-title":"Genetic deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of cGAS-STING signalling suppresses kidney inflammation and fibrosis","volume":"182","author":"Jiao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B27","unstructured":""},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2025.177826","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of finerenone and exenatide on diabetes-induced heart failure: a combined approach targeting inflammation and oxidative stress","volume":"1002","author":"Ko\u00e7ak","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0196-7","article-title":"Podocytopathies","volume":"6","author":"Kopp","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115670","article-title":"Podocyte injury of diabetic nephropathy: novel mechanism discovery and therapeutic prospects","volume":"168","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156406","article-title":"Targeting the NF-\u03baB p65-MMP28 axis: wogonoside as a novel therapeutic agent for attenuating podocyte injury in diabetic nephropathy","volume":"138","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2025.118164","article-title":"Mechanisms and therapeutic potential of pharmacological agents targeting inflammasomes","volume":"189","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2019.07.011","article-title":"Non-covalent NRF2 activation confers greater cellular protection than covalent activation","volume":"26","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Chem. Biol."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70081","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.70081","article-title":"The life of a kidney podocyte","volume":"241","author":"Loreth","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Physiol. (Oxf.)"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1159\/000524940","article-title":"Finerenone reduces renal ROR\u03b3t \u03b3\u03b4 T cells and protects against cardiorenal damage","volume":"53","author":"Luettges","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Nephrol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564942","DOI":"10.2147\/dddt.s564942","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of finerenone combined with dapagliflozin in the treatment of non-diabetic chronic kidney disease: a single-center retrospective study","volume":"20","author":"Ma","year":"2026","journal-title":"Drug Des. Devel. Ther."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2024.10.091","article-title":"Finerenone and kidney outcomes in patients with heart failure: the FINEARTS-HF trial","volume":"85","author":"Mc Causland","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kisu.2021.11.004","article-title":"Nonepithelial mineralocorticoid receptor activation as a determinant of kidney disease","volume":"12","author":"Nakamura","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int. Suppl."},{"key":"B39","unstructured":""},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.43.100901.140229","article-title":"Regulatory mechanisms controlling gene expression mediated by the antioxidant response element","volume":"43","author":"Nguyen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-025-05719-4","article-title":"The multifunctional regulatory post-proline protease dipeptidyl peptidase 9 and its inhibitors: new opportunities for therapeutics","volume":"82","author":"Nguyen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.3390\/life13020560","article-title":"A review of medicinal plants with renoprotective activity in diabetic nephropathy animal models","volume":"13","author":"Putra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8637138","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8637138","article-title":"Classification and differential diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy","volume":"2017","author":"Qi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Diabetes Res."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2014.5843","article-title":"The PTEN\/NRF2 axis promotes human carcinogenesis","volume":"21","author":"Rojo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2019.01.016","article-title":"Redox regulation by NRF2 in aging and disease","volume":"134","author":"Schmidlin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.12.028","article-title":"Actin dynamics at focal adhesions: a common endpoint and putative therapeutic target for proteinuric kidney diseases","volume":"93","author":"Sever","year":"2018","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000410","article-title":"The podocyte's response to injury: role in proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis","volume":"69","author":"Shankland","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.04.024","article-title":"Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 sets a threshold for CARD8 inflammasome formation by sequestering its active C-terminal fragment","volume":"54","author":"Sharif","year":"2021","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11324","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.3c00815","article-title":"Liquiritigenin confers liver protection by enhancing NRF2 signaling through both canonical and non-canonical signaling pathways","volume":"66","author":"Shi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120453","article-title":"Sanqi qushi formula ameliorates podocyte injury in membranous nephropathy by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced ferroptosis","volume":"353","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI69778","article-title":"Podocyte-associated talin1 is critical for glomerular filtration barrier maintenance","volume":"124","author":"Tian","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7511","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00753-07","article-title":"Different electrostatic potentials define ETGE and DLG motifs as Hinge and latch in oxidative stress response","volume":"27","author":"Tong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.104335","article-title":"TEAD1 prevents necroptosis and inflammation in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury through maintaining mitochondrial function","volume":"21","author":"Tran","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1038\/s41417-025-00951-3","article-title":"NRF2-SOX4 complex regulates PSPH in hepatocellular carcinoma and modulates M2 macrophage differentiation","volume":"32","author":"Tsai","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108034","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2024.108034","article-title":"The serine protease DPP9 and the redox sensor KEAP1 form a mutually inhibitory complex","volume":"301","author":"Tsamouri","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2023.03.014","article-title":"Irisin drives macrophage anti-inflammatory differentiation via JAK2-STAT6-dependent activation of PPAR\u03b3 and Nrf2 signaling","volume":"201","author":"Tu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1158\/1541-7786.MCR-13-0272","article-title":"Advances in understanding the expression and function of dipeptidyl peptidase 8 and 9","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000491658","article-title":"Activation of the Nrf2-ARE pathway ameliorates hyperglycemia-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction in podocytes partly through Sirt1","volume":"48","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105630","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2021.105630","article-title":"Profibrotic mechanisms of DPP8 and DPP9 highly expressed in the proximal renal tubule epithelial cells","volume":"169","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103593","article-title":"Keap1-independent Nrf2 regulation: a novel therapeutic target for treating kidney disease","volume":"82","author":"Zhang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.09.031","article-title":"Hippocampal dipeptidyl peptidase 9 bidirectionally regulates memory associated with synaptic plasticity","volume":"74","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2024.103292","article-title":"DPP9 regulates NQO1 and ROS to promote resistance to chemotherapy in liver cancer cells","volume":"75","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Redox Biol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2026.1930044\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:32:20Z","timestamp":1789623140000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphar.2026.1930044\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"references-count":62,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphar.2026.1930044"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2026.1930044","relation":{},"ISSN":["1663-9812"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1663-9812","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"article-number":"1930044"}}