{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T04:56:04Z","timestamp":1790916964179,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010211","name":"Education Department of Jilin Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JJKH20261236KJ"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JJKH20261236KJ"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010211","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Pharmacol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) represents a major contributor to liver fibrosis globally, and current therapeutic options remain inadequate. The TGF-\u03b2\/Smad4 cascade is critically involved in alcohol-evoked activation of hepatic stellate cells and subsequent extracellular matrix accumulation. Although Shenze Shugan capsule (SZSG) has been clinically used for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, its efficacy and mechanisms in ALD are unclear. This study aimed to explore how SZSG exerts protective effects against alcohol-triggered liver injury and the underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both acute and chronic ALD mouse models were established to assess liver injury, fibrosis, inflammation, gut microbiota composition, and serum metabolomic profiles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SZSG treatment markedly attenuated hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammation, as evidenced by reductions in lipid accumulation, collagen deposition, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Concurrently, it reshaped the gut microbiota and restored metabolites dysregulated by alcohol exposure. These beneficial effects appear to involve modulation of the TGF-\u03b2\/Smad4 signaling pathway and its downstream effectors, \u03b1-SMA and Collagen I.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Collectively, our findings suggest that SZSG combats ALD by simultaneously modulating the TGF-\u03b2\/Smad4 signaling axis and preserving gut-liver homeostasis, thereby representing a promising multi-target therapeutic candidate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2026.1942947","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T04:39:12Z","timestamp":1790915952000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Shenze shugan capsules alleviate alcoholic liver injury in association with modulation of the TGF-\u03b2\/smad4 signaling pathway"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Lu","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University","place":["Changchun, China"]},{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Jilin University","place":["Changchun, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianyu","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University","place":["Changchun, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Tinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University","place":["Changchun, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University","place":["Changchun, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University","place":["Changchun, China"]},{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Jilin University","place":["Changchun, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lanzhou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University","place":["Changchun, China"]},{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Jilin University","place":["Changchun, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huiyun","family":"Zang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Aodong Shihang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.","place":["Dunhua, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jilin Aodong Pharmaceutical Group Yanji Co., Ltd.","place":["Yanji, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junliang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University","place":["Changchun, China"]},{"name":"Science and Research Center for Edible Fungi of Qingyuan County","place":["Qingyuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University","place":["Changchun, China"]},{"name":"School of Life Sciences, Jilin University","place":["Changchun, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.10.003","article-title":"The gut-liver axis in liver disease: pathophysiological basis for therapy","volume":"72","author":"Albillos","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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