{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T02:22:20Z","timestamp":1793499740583,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":197,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]],"date-time":"2019-09-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.01108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]],"date-time":"2019-09-04T12:44:32Z","timestamp":1567601072000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Chronic Kidney Disease as a Risk Factor for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Focus on Microcirculatory Factors and Therapeutic Targets"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jens","family":"van de Wouw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Broekhuizen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oana","family":"Sorop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaap A.","family":"Joles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianne C.","family":"Verhaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk J.","family":"Duncker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. H. Jan","family":"Danser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daphne","family":"Merkus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2974","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006040377","article-title":"How does proteinuria cause progressive renal damage?","volume":"17","author":"Abbate","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2009.11","article-title":"Cardiovascular implications of proteinuria: an indicator of chronic kidney disease","volume":"6","author":"Agrawal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.08.042","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease associated mortality in diastolic versus systolic heart failure: a propensity matched study","volume":"99","author":"Ahmed","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e008334","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.008334","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor-23 and heart failure with reduced versus preserved ejection fraction: MESA","volume":"7","author":"Almahmoud","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00864.x","article-title":"Hyperphosphatemia aggravates cardiac fibrosis and microvascular disease in experimental uremia","volume":"63","author":"Amann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.030099","article-title":"Anemia and iron deficiency in heart failure: current concepts and emerging therapies","volume":"138","author":"Anand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.962654","article-title":"Prognostic value of baseline plasma amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and its interactions with irbesartan treatment effects in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: findings from the I-PRESERVE trial","volume":"4","author":"Anand","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2016.11.015","article-title":"Interaction between spironolactone and natriuretic peptides in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: from the TOPCAT trial","volume":"5","author":"Anand","year":"2017","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1159\/000473868","article-title":"Heart failure with preserved and reduced ejection fraction in hemodialysis patients: prevalence, disease prediction and prognosis","volume":"42","author":"Antlanger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Kidney Blood Press. Res."},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2016.4652","article-title":"Absolute rates of heart failure, coronary heart disease, and stroke in chronic kidney disease: an analysis of 3 community-based cohort studies","volume":"2","author":"Bansal","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1186","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.7.1186","article-title":"Serum levels of advanced glycation end products are associated with left ventricular diastolic function in patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"22","author":"Berg","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvx149","article-title":"Cardiac effects of SGLT2 inhibitors: the sodium hypothesis","volume":"114","author":"Bertero","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa051530","article-title":"Outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in a population-based study","volume":"355","author":"Bhatia","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2208","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000133041.27682.A2","article-title":"Mineral metabolism, mortality, and morbidity in maintenance hemodialysis","volume":"15","author":"Block","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"f5680","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f5680","article-title":"Blood pressure lowering and major cardiovascular events in people with and without chronic kidney disease: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"347","author":"Ninomiya","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi020","article-title":"The severe cardiorenal syndrome: Guyton revisited","volume":"26","author":"Bongartz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2014.83","article-title":"The pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"11","author":"Borlaug","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2011.06.004","article-title":"Ventricular-vascular interaction in heart failure","volume":"29","author":"Borlaug","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiol. Clin."},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.001915","article-title":"Effects of sildenafil on ventricular and vascular function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"8","author":"Borlaug","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.14852","article-title":"Effect of inorganic nitrite vs placebo on exercise capacity among patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the INDIE-HFpEF randomized clinical trial","volume":"320","author":"Borlaug","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.34.4.837","article-title":"Plasma homocysteine, aortic stiffness, and renal function in hypertensive patients","volume":"34","author":"Bortolotto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2008.04.043","article-title":"Evaluation of coronary microvascular function in patients with end-stage renal disease, and renal allograft recipients","volume":"202","author":"Bozbas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.11.034","article-title":"Renal sympathetic denervation reduces left ventricular hypertrophy and improves cardiac function in patients with resistant hypertension","volume":"59","author":"Brandt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011161","article-title":"Effects of losartan on renal and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy","volume":"345","author":"Brenner","year":"2001","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.131","article-title":"Arterial stiffness and pulse pressure in CKD and ESRD","volume":"82","author":"Briet","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht066","article-title":"Incidence and epidemiology of new onset heart failure with preserved vs. reduced ejection fraction in a community-based cohort: 11-year follow-up of PREVEND","volume":"34","author":"Brouwers","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2013.110","article-title":"Contribution of aldosterone to cardiovascular and renal inflammation and fibrosis","volume":"9","author":"Brown","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1159\/000327131","article-title":"Does uremia cause vascular dysfunction?","volume":"34","author":"Brunet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Kidney Blood Press. Res."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"c384","DOI":"10.1159\/000323664","article-title":"Hypovitaminosis D is associated with systemic inflammation and concentric myocardial geometric pattern in hemodialysis patients with low iPTH levels","volume":"118","author":"Bucharles","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nephron Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.933","article-title":"The potential role and rationale for treatment of heart failure with sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors","volume":"19","author":"Butler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-012-2271-0","article-title":"1,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D and coronary microvascular function","volume":"40","author":"Capitanio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1492-7535.2003.00060.x","article-title":"The neglect of sodium restriction in dialysis patients: a short review","volume":"7","author":"Charra","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hemodial. Int."},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2011.10.023","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency and endothelial dysfunction in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"220","author":"Chitalia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000347145","article-title":"Cinacalcet improves endothelial dysfunction and cardiac hypertrophy in patients on hemodialysis with secondary hyperparathyroidism","volume":"122","author":"Choi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nephron Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-200304000-00002","article-title":"Cardiovascular mortality in end-stage renal disease","volume":"325","author":"Collins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2010.03.020","article-title":"Erythropoietin-dependent endothelial proteins: potential use against erythropoietin resistance","volume":"51","author":"Congote","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1038\/nm954","article-title":"Nitrite reduction to nitric oxide by deoxyhemoglobin vasodilates the human circulation","volume":"9","author":"Cosby","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.29.1.107","article-title":"Impaired coronary endothelium-dependent vasodilation is associated with microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes and angiographically normal coronary arteries","volume":"29","author":"Cosson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2011.11.009","article-title":"Role of vitamin D receptor activators in cardio-renal syndromes","volume":"32","author":"Cozzolino","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-07-2668","article-title":"Hypoxia, red blood cells, and nitrite regulate NO-dependent hypoxic vasodilation","volume":"107","author":"Crawford","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw461","article-title":"The parallel tales of microvascular angina and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a paradigm shift","volume":"38","author":"Crea","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpy154","article-title":"Cardioprotective effects of paricalcitol alone and in combination with FGF23 receptor inhibition in chronic renal failure: experimental and clinical studies","volume":"32","author":"Czaya","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00285287","article-title":"Albuminuria reflects widespread vascular damage. The Steno hypothesis","volume":"32","author":"Deckert","year":"1989","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.001825","article-title":"Mechanisms of exercise intolerance in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: the role of abnormal peripheral oxygen extraction","volume":"8","author":"Dhakal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2012.300","article-title":"High phosphate directly affects endothelial function by downregulating annexin II","volume":"83","author":"Di Marco","year":"2013","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehq246","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency is associated with sudden cardiac death, combined cardiovascular events, and mortality in haemodialysis patients","volume":"31","author":"Drechsler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4393","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI46122","article-title":"FGF23 induces left ventricular hypertrophy","volume":"121","author":"Faul","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(01)00479-5","article-title":"Renin angiotensin system and gender differences in the cardiovascular system","volume":"53","author":"Fischer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07761109","article-title":"Left ventricular hypertrophy in new hemodialysis patients without symptomatic cardiac disease","volume":"5","author":"Foley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00038.2017","article-title":"Angiotensin II signal transduction: an update on mechanisms of physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"98","author":"Forrester","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2015.1.14","article-title":"Understanding anemia of chronic disease","volume":"2015","author":"Fraenkel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hematol. Am. Soc. Hematol. Educ. Program"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00810.x","article-title":"Effect of erythropoietin on cardiovascular prognosis parameters in hemodialysis patients","volume":"66","author":"Frank","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2015.10.007","article-title":"Myocardial microvascular inflammatory endothelial activation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"4","author":"Franssen","year":"2016","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.111.099325","article-title":"Impaired global myocardial flow dynamics despite normal left ventricular function and regional perfusion in chronic kidney disease: a quantitative analysis of clinical 82Rb PET\/CT studies","volume":"53","author":"Fukushima","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2165","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00356.x","article-title":"Albuminuria and renal insufficiency prevalence guides population screening: results from the NHANES III","volume":"61","author":"Garg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-0670","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade improves coronary microvascular function in individuals with type 2 diabetes","volume":"64","author":"Garg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi735","article-title":"Effects of nebivolol in elderly heart failure patients with or without systolic left ventricular dysfunction: results of the SENIORS echocardiographic substudy","volume":"27","author":"Ghio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1857","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)11445-8","article-title":"Randomised placebo-controlled trial of effect of ramipril on decline in glomerular filtration rate and risk of terminal renal failure in proteinuric, non-diabetic nephropathy","volume":"349","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-014-1480-8","article-title":"Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"466","author":"Gladden","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch."},{"key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01580210","article-title":"Effect of allopurinol in chronic kidney disease progression and cardiovascular risk","volume":"5","author":"Goicoechea","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(92)90608-X","article-title":"Changes in left ventricular size, wall thickness, and function in anemic patients treated with recombinant human erythropoietin","volume":"124","author":"Goldberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. Heart J."},{"key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.67","article-title":"Sex-specific cardiovascular structure and function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"16","author":"Gori","year":"","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3442","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu254","article-title":"Association between renal function and cardiovascular structure and function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"35","author":"Gori","year":"","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2263","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl132","article-title":"Risk factors for chronic transplant dysfunction and cardiovascular disease are related to accumulation of advanced glycation end-products in renal transplant recipients","volume":"21","author":"Hartog","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"ref65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2007.09.009","article-title":"Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and heart failure: pathophysiology and clinical implications","volume":"9","author":"Hartog","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.09.031","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness of beta-blockers in heart failure: findings from the OPTIMIZE-HF (Organized Program to Initiate Lifesaving Treatment in Hospitalized Patients with Heart Failure) Registry","volume":"53","author":"Hernandez","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.12.052","article-title":"Echocardiography criteria for structural heart disease in patients with end-stage renal disease initiating hemodialysis","volume":"67","author":"Hickson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.580506","article-title":"Renal function as a predictor of outcome in a broad spectrum of patients with heart failure","volume":"113","author":"Hillege","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-1551","article-title":"Prolonged correction of serum phosphorus in adults with X-linked hypophosphatemia using monthly doses of KRN23","volume":"100","author":"Imel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E10","DOI":"10.1161\/01.res.87.7.e10","article-title":"Phosphate regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell calcification","volume":"87","author":"Jono","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2011.00925.x","article-title":"Vascular incompetence in dialysis patients \u2013 protein-bound uremic toxins and endothelial dysfunction","volume":"24","author":"Jourde-Chiche","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin. Dial."},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ackd.2014.12.001","article-title":"Management of hypertension in CKD: beyond the guidelines","volume":"22","author":"Judd","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv. Chronic Kidney Dis."},{"key":"ref73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.305349","article-title":"Cardiac nonmyocytes in the hub of cardiac hypertrophy","volume":"117","author":"Kamo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.11451210","article-title":"A randomized study of allopurinol on endothelial function and estimated glomular filtration rate in asymptomatic hyperuricemic subjects with normal renal function","volume":"6","author":"Kanbay","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-018-9758-0","article-title":"Effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists on cardiac function in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"24","author":"Kapelios","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart Fail. Rev."},{"key":"ref76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2013.07.185","article-title":"Functional iron deficiency and diastolic function in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"168","author":"Kasner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2014.05.016","article-title":"Albuminuria is independently associated with cardiac remodeling, abnormal right and left ventricular function, and worse outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"2","author":"Katz","year":"2014","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2009.557","article-title":"Higher systolic blood pressure is associated with progression of carotid intima-media thickness in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"77","author":"Kendrick","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199403313301301","article-title":"The effects of dietary protein restriction and blood-pressure control on the progression of chronic renal disease. Modification of diet in renal disease study group","volume":"330","author":"Klahr","year":"1994","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2015.06.038","article-title":"Association of chronic kidney disease with chronotropic incompetence in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"116","author":"Klein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002341","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23 is an independent and specific predictor of mortality in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction","volume":"8","author":"Koller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2012.116","article-title":"The role of FGF23 in CKD \u2013 with or without Klotho","volume":"8","author":"Komaba","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006101159","article-title":"Reduced kidney function as a risk factor for incident heart failure: the atherosclerosis risk in communities (ARIC) study","volume":"18","author":"Kottgen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.970061","article-title":"Sex differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes in elderly patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: the Irbesartan in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (I-PRESERVE) trial","volume":"5","author":"Lam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2588","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl254","article-title":"Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications","volume":"27","author":"Laurent","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00278","article-title":"Paracrine effects of FGF23 on the heart","volume":"9","author":"Leifheit-Nestler","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1098313","article-title":"Derivatives of erythropoietin that are tissue protective but not erythropoietic","volume":"305","author":"Leist","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2013.444","article-title":"Summary of KDIGO 2012 CKD Guideline: behind the scenes, need for guidance, and a framework for moving forward","volume":"85","author":"Levin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(96)90357-1","article-title":"Prevalent left ventricular hypertrophy in the predialysis population: identifying opportunities for intervention","volume":"27","author":"Levin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Kidney Dis."},{"key":"ref90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.1.112","article-title":"Costs for heart failure with normal vs reduced ejection fraction","volume":"166","author":"Liao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.821","article-title":"Associations with and prognostic impact of chronic kidney disease in heart failure with preserved, mid-range, and reduced ejection fraction","volume":"19","author":"Lofman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/17.suppl_1.29","article-title":"Left ventricular alterations and end-stage renal disease","volume":"17","author":"London","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"ref93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00002.2011","article-title":"Regulation and function of the FGF23\/klotho endocrine pathways","volume":"92","author":"Martin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02696-7","article-title":"Gender, age, and heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function","volume":"41","author":"Masoudi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.06510909","article-title":"Cholecalciferol supplementation in hemodialysis patients: effects on mineral metabolism, inflammation, and cardiac dimension parameters","volume":"5","author":"Matias","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.112.969717","article-title":"Treating anemia in older adults with heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction with epoetin alfa: single-blind randomized clinical trial of safety and efficacy","volume":"6","author":"Maurer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.111.966242","article-title":"Renal dysfunction in patients with heart failure with preserved versus reduced ejection fraction: impact of the new Chronic Kidney Disease-Epidemiology Collaboration Group formula","volume":"5","author":"McAlister","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1409077","article-title":"Angiotensin-neprilysin inhibition versus enalapril in heart failure","volume":"371","author":"McMurray","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12089","article-title":"Plasma calcidiol, calcitriol, and parathyroid hormone and risk of new onset heart failure in a population-based cohort study","volume":"3","author":"Meems","year":"2016","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.04690511","article-title":"Timing and determinants of erythropoietin deficiency in chronic kidney disease","volume":"7","author":"Mercadal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H2082","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00861.2005","article-title":"Coronary vasoconstrictor influence of angiotensin II is reduced in remodeled myocardium after myocardial infarction","volume":"291","author":"Merkus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol."},{"key":"ref102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.19","article-title":"Hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and the development of cardiovascular risk: a joint primacy","volume":"77","author":"Middleton","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.90549.2008","article-title":"Effects of central arterial aging on the structure and function of the peripheral vasculature: implications for end-organ damage","volume":"105","author":"Mitchell","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"ref104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs001","article-title":"Urinary albumin excretion in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an interim analysis of the CHART 2 study","volume":"14","author":"Miura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1159\/000351758","article-title":"Cardiovascular burden associated with uremic toxins in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"38","author":"Moradi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"c161","DOI":"10.1159\/000087391","article-title":"A high calcium-phosphate product is associated with high C-reactive protein concentrations in hemodialysis patients","volume":"101","author":"Movilli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nephron Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2012.06.007","article-title":"Coronary vascular dysfunction and prognosis in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"5","author":"Murthy","year":"2012","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"ref108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.31.175","article-title":"Activation of the renin-angiotensin system and chronic hypoxia of the kidney","volume":"31","author":"Nangaku","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertens. Res."},{"key":"ref109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.778","article-title":"The association of chronic kidney disease and microalbuminuria with heart failure with preserved vs. reduced ejection fraction","volume":"19","author":"Nayor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1611925","article-title":"Canagliflozin and cardiovascular and renal events in type 2 diabetes","volume":"377","author":"Neal","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-012-0370-2","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor 23: associations with cardiovascular disease and mortality in chronic kidney disease","volume":"46","author":"Negri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12413","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in patients with diastolic dysfunction or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"6","author":"Nolte","year":"2019","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-013-2436-5","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease: a new look at pathogenetic mechanisms and treatment options","volume":"29","author":"Noone","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.10.1905","article-title":"Aminoguanidine prevents the decreased myocardial compliance produced by streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats","volume":"93","author":"Norton","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.01.187","article-title":"Iron deficiency and functional capacity in patients with advanced heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"207","author":"Nunez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.04.039","article-title":"Myocardial injury and cardiac reserve in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction","volume":"72","author":"Obokata","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.081307","article-title":"Coronary microvascular dysfunction induced by primary hyperparathyroidism is restored after parathyroidectomy","volume":"126","author":"Osto","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa052256","article-title":"Trends in prevalence and outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"355","author":"Owan","year":"2006","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515.e1511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2018.07.009","article-title":"Vitamin D status and exercise capacity in older patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"131","author":"Pandey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"ref120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.07.012","article-title":"Distinct myocardial targets for diabetes therapy in heart failure with preserved or reduced ejection fraction","volume":"6","author":"Paulus","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2013.02.092","article-title":"A novel paradigm for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: comorbidities drive myocardial dysfunction and remodeling through coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation","volume":"62","author":"Paulus","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2011.01011.x","article-title":"Diastolic heart failure in dialysis patients: mechanisms, diagnostic approach, and treatment","volume":"25","author":"Pecoits-Filho","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin. Dial."},{"key":"ref123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)91047-2","article-title":"Microalbuminuria and endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertension","volume":"344","author":"Pedrinelli","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2001.00053.x","article-title":"Effects of uremic serum on isolated cardiac myocyte calcium cycling and contractile function","volume":"60","author":"Periyasamy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.2002.2084","article-title":"Advanced glycation endproduct-induced calcium handling impairment in mouse cardiac myocytes","volume":"34","author":"Petrova","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013255","article-title":"Regional variation in patients and outcomes in the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) trial","volume":"131","author":"Pfeffer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.109.877720","article-title":"Impaired heart rate recovery and chronotropic incompetence in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"3","author":"Phan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw593","article-title":"Vericiguat in patients with worsening chronic heart failure and preserved ejection fraction: results of the SOluble guanylate Cyclase stimulatoR in heArT failurE patientS with PRESERVED EF (SOCRATES-PRESERVED) study","volume":"38","author":"Pieske","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1313731","article-title":"Spironolactone for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"370","author":"Pitt","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1007\/s12012-011-9109-z","article-title":"Angiotensin II infusion-induced inflammation, monocytic fibroblast precursor infiltration, and cardiac fibrosis are pressure dependent","volume":"11","author":"Qi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.2.194","article-title":"Burden of systolic and diastolic ventricular dysfunction in the community: appreciating the scope of the heart failure epidemic","volume":"289","author":"Redfield","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.2024","article-title":"Effect of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibition on exercise capacity and clinical status in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"309","author":"Redfield","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1510774","article-title":"Isosorbide mononitrate in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"373","author":"Redfield","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2032","article-title":"Therapeutic implications of the gender-specific aspects of cardiovascular disease","volume":"5","author":"Regitz-Zagrosek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.106.075085","article-title":"Is angiotensin II a direct mediator of left ventricular hypertrophy? Time for another look","volume":"49","author":"Reudelhuber","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.107","article-title":"Optimum AT1 receptor-neprilysin inhibition has superior cardioprotective effects compared with AT1 receptor blockade alone in hypertensive rats","volume":"88","author":"Roksnoer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20160197","article-title":"Blood pressure-independent renoprotection in diabetic rats treated with AT1 receptor-neprilysin inhibition compared with AT1 receptor blockade alone","volume":"130","author":"Roksnoer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"ref138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneph0803","article-title":"Cardiorenal and renocardiac syndromes: the need for a comprehensive classification and consensus","volume":"4","author":"Ronco","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Clin. Pract. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2011.11.010","article-title":"The role of inflammation in the cardio-renal syndrome: a focus on cytokines and inflammatory mediators","volume":"32","author":"Rosner","year":"2012","journal-title":"Semin. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1999.00575.x","article-title":"Parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, and cardiovascular disease in chronic renal failure","volume":"56","author":"Rostand","year":"1999","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy565.1102","article-title":"1102 fibroblast growth factor 23 and extracellular volume as markers of myocardial fibrosis and poor outcome in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"39","author":"Roy","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04728-0","article-title":"Progression, remission, regression of chronic renal diseases","volume":"357","author":"Ruggenenti","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012040390","article-title":"Mechanisms and treatment of CKD","volume":"23","author":"Ruggenenti","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.035869","article-title":"Ryanodine receptor glycation favors mitochondrial damage in the senescent heart","volume":"139","author":"Ruiz-Meana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpu206","article-title":"Arterial stiffness, pulse pressure, and the kidney","volume":"28","author":"Safar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins6030934","article-title":"The aryl hydrocarbon receptor-activating effect of uremic toxins from tryptophan metabolism: a new concept to understand cardiovascular complications of chronic kidney disease","volume":"6","author":"Sallee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"ref147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-015-0571-z","article-title":"Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction in chronic kidney disease: a comprehensive review","volume":"17","author":"Salman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Hypertens. Rep."},{"key":"ref148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37690-5","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease induces left ventricular overexpression of the pro-hypertrophic microRNA-212","volume":"9","author":"Sarkozy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000095676.90936.80","article-title":"Kidney disease as a risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease: a statement from the American Heart Association Councils on Kidney in Cardiovascular Disease, High Blood Pressure Research, Clinical Cardiology, and Epidemiology and Prevention","volume":"108","author":"Sarnak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/15.4.460","article-title":"What\u2019s new in vitamin D for the nephrologist?","volume":"15","author":"Schroeder","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nephrol. Dial. Transplant."},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.128520","article-title":"Allopurinol reduces cardiovascular risks and improves renal function in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients with hyperuricemia","volume":"25","author":"Sezer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Saudi J. Kidney Dis. Transpl."},{"key":"ref152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.2337\/db10-1145","article-title":"Carbonylation contributes to SERCA2a activity loss and diastolic dysfunction in a rat model of type 1 diabetes","volume":"60","author":"Shao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.302922","article-title":"Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: mechanisms, clinical features, and therapies","volume":"115","author":"Sharma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1989.192","article-title":"Impact of left ventricular hypertrophy on survival in end-stage renal disease","volume":"36","author":"Silberberg","year":"1989","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E426","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00264.2014","article-title":"FGF23 directly impairs endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation by increasing superoxide levels and reducing nitric oxide bioavailability","volume":"307","author":"Silswal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.physiol.67.060603.090918","article-title":"Chemical physiology of blood flow regulation by red blood cells: the role of nitric oxide and S-nitrosohemoglobin","volume":"67","author":"Singel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"ref157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2767","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867043364342","article-title":"The clinical relevance of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE) and recent developments in pharmaceutics to reduce AGE accumulation","volume":"11","author":"Smit","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000221","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and outcomes in heart failure with preserved versus reduced ejection fraction: the Cardiovascular Research Network PRESERVE Study","volume":"6","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes"},{"key":"ref159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61227-6","article-title":"The angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor LCZ696 in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a phase 2 double-blind randomised controlled trial","volume":"380","author":"Solomon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2017.04.013","article-title":"Angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibition in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: rationale and design of the PARAGON-HF trial","volume":"5","author":"Solomon","year":"2017","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.09211.x","article-title":"Microalbuminuria is associated with impaired brachial artery, flow-mediated vasodilation in elderly individuals without and with diabetes: further evidence for a link between microalbuminuria and endothelial dysfunction \u2013 the Hoorn Study","volume":"66","author":"Stehouwer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kidney Int. Suppl."},{"key":"ref162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.080770","article-title":"Trends in patients hospitalized with heart failure and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: prevalence, therapies, and outcomes","volume":"126","author":"Steinberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.61.s80.19.x","article-title":"Mortality, malnutrition, and atherosclerosis in ESRD: what is the role of interleukin-6?","volume":"61","author":"Stenvinkel","year":"2002","journal-title":"Kidney Int. Suppl."},{"key":"ref164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014101047","article-title":"Uremic toxicity of advanced glycation end products in CKD","volume":"27","author":"Stinghen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0531","article-title":"Benfotiamine prevents macro- and microvascular endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress following a meal rich in advanced glycation end products in individuals with type 2 diabetes","volume":"29","author":"Stirban","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.04.001","article-title":"Non-cardiac comorbidities in heart failure with reduced, mid-range and preserved ejection fraction","volume":"271","author":"Streng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-017-9618-3","article-title":"Left ventricular strain and twisting in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an updated review","volume":"22","author":"Tadic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Heart Fail. Rev."},{"key":"ref168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0156860","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0156860","article-title":"Association between FGF23, alpha-Klotho, and cardiac abnormalities among patients with various chronic kidney disease stages","volume":"11","author":"Tanaka","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.497","article-title":"Connecting heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and renal dysfunction: the role of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation","volume":"18","author":"Ter Maaten","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.120","article-title":"Vitamin D therapy and cardiac structure and function in patients with chronic kidney disease: the PRIMO randomized controlled trial","volume":"307","author":"Thadhani","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pop.2008.01.008","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and its complications","volume":"35","author":"Thomas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Prim. Care"},{"key":"ref172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005101085","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and mortality risk: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Tonelli","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.445","article-title":"Association of chronic kidney disease with abnormal cardiac mechanics and adverse outcomes in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction","volume":"18","author":"Unger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-017-4509-7","article-title":"Class effects of SGLT2 inhibitors in mouse cardiomyocytes and hearts: inhibition of Na(+)\/H(+) exchanger, lowering of cytosolic Na(+) and vasodilation","volume":"61","author":"Uthman","year":"","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01575","article-title":"Direct cardiac actions of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors target pathogenic mechanisms underlying heart failure in diabetic patients","volume":"9","author":"Uthman","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneph0655","article-title":"Mechanisms of disease: erythropoietin resistance in patients with both heart and kidney failure","volume":"4","author":"van der Putten","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Clin. Pract. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.728550","article-title":"Diastolic stiffness of the failing diabetic heart: importance of fibrosis, advanced glycation end products, and myocyte resting tension","volume":"117","author":"van Heerebeek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.076075","article-title":"Low myocardial protein kinase G activity in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"126","author":"van Heerebeek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.08.047","article-title":"Effects of interleukin-1 blockade with anakinra on aerobic exercise capacity in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (from the D-HART pilot study)","volume":"113","author":"Van Tassell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e005036","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.118.005036","article-title":"IL-1 blockade in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction","volume":"11","author":"Van Tassell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.02.046","article-title":"Beta-blockade with nebivolol in elderly heart failure patients with impaired and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction: data from SENIORS (Study of Effects of Nebivolol Intervention on Outcomes and Rehospitalization in Seniors With Heart Failure)","volume":"53","author":"van Veldhuisen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-008-0762-9","article-title":"What is new in uremic toxicity?","volume":"23","author":"Vanholder","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr. Nephrol."},{"key":"ref183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.890909","article-title":"Elevated cardiac markers in chronic kidney disease as a consequence of hyperphosphatemia-induced cardiac myocyte injury","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"ref184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl419","article-title":"Anaemia in chronic heart failure is not only related to impaired renal perfusion and blunted erythropoietin production, but to fluid retention as well","volume":"28","author":"Westenbrink","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"ref185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.109.931451","article-title":"Cardiac inflammation contributes to changes in the extracellular matrix in patients with heart failure and normal ejection fraction","volume":"4","author":"Westermann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002451","article-title":"Vitamin D levels and early mortality among incident hemodialysis patients","volume":"72","author":"Wolf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e31827fe46e","article-title":"Endothelial dysfunction in diabetes and hypertension: cross talk in RAS, BMP4, and ROS-dependent COX-2-derived prostanoids","volume":"61","author":"Wong","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"c232","DOI":"10.1159\/000321383","article-title":"2D-speckle tracking echocardiography contributes to early identification of impaired left ventricular myocardial function in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"118","author":"Yan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nephron Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.09.022","article-title":"Clinical presentation, management, and in-hospital outcomes of patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure with preserved systolic function: a report from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE) database","volume":"47","author":"Yancy","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0163659","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163659","article-title":"High serum phosphorus level is associated with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in peritoneal dialysis patients","volume":"11","author":"Ye","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2012.110","article-title":"Dietary salt intake is related to inflammation and albuminuria in primary hypertensive patients","volume":"66","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2017.03.005","article-title":"Comparison of predictors of heart failure with preserved versus reduced ejection fraction in a multiracial cohort of preclinical left ventricular diastolic dysfunction","volume":"119","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-015-4346-8","article-title":"Effects of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors on mortality, hospitalization, and diastolic function in patients with HFpEF. A meta-analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials","volume":"41","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Herz"},{"key":"ref194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200464050-00001","article-title":"Advanced glycation endproduct crosslinking in the cardiovascular system: potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease","volume":"64","author":"Zieman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328013e7dd","article-title":"Advanced glycation endproduct crosslink breaker (alagebrium) improves endothelial function in patients with isolated systolic hypertension","volume":"25","author":"Zieman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1504720","article-title":"Empagliflozin, cardiovascular outcomes, and mortality in type 2 diabetes","volume":"373","author":"Zinman","year":"2015","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2016.06.181","article-title":"Serum phosphorus is related to left ventricular remodeling independent of renal function in hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"221","author":"Zou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Physiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fphys.2019.01108\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]],"date-time":"2019-09-04T12:44:36Z","timestamp":1567601076000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fphys.2019.01108\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]]},"references-count":197,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphys.2019.01108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2019.01108","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-042X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-042X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,4]]},"article-number":"1108"}}