{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:08:50Z","timestamp":1792069730290,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5T32HL007734"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T32HL007734"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) are a class of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that have wide-ranging effects on human physiology. The four well-characterized FFARs are FFAR1\/GPR40, FFAR2\/GPR43, FFAR3\/GPR41, and FFAR4\/GPR120. Short-chain (&amp;lt;6 carbon) fatty acids target FFAR2\/GPR43 and FFAR3\/GPR41. Medium- and long-chain fatty acids (6\u201312 and 13\u201321 carbon, respectively) target both FFAR1\/GPR40 and FFAR4\/GPR120. Signaling through FFARs has been implicated in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD), and a variety of other liver disorders. FFARs are now regarded as targets for therapeutic intervention for liver disease, diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we provide an in-depth, focused summary of the role FFARs play in liver health and disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.656441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T04:58:20Z","timestamp":1617771500000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Free Fatty Acid Receptors as Mediators and Therapeutic Targets in Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jordan D.","family":"Secor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott C.","family":"Fligor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savas T.","family":"Tsikis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lumeng J.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Puder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2392","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2019.04.003","article-title":"Omega-3 fatty acids are protective in hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in the absence of GPR120 signaling","volume":"54","author":"Baker","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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