{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T20:13:35Z","timestamp":1778616815706,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633305600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7184205"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7184205"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>It has been convincingly demonstrated that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) can make the myocardium resistant to the subsequent ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), which causes severe damages by mainly generating cell death. However, the cardioprotective effects of the hepatic RIPC, which is the largest metabolic organ against I\/R, have not been fully studied. The aim of our research is whether remote liver RIPC may provide cardioprotective effects against the I\/R-induced injury. Here, we generated an I\/R mice model in four groups to analyze the effect. The control group is the isolated hearts with 140-min perfusion. I\/R group added ischemia in 30 min following 90-min reperfusion. The third group (sham) was subjected to the same procedure as the latter group. The animals in the fourth group selected as the treatment group, underwent a hepatic RIPC by three cycles of 5-min occlusion of the portal triad and then followed by induction of I\/R in the isolated heart. The level of myocardial infarction and the preventive effects of RIPC were assessed by pathological characteristics, namely, infarct, enzyme releases, pressure, and cardiac mechanical activity. Subjected to I\/R, the hepatic RIPC minimized the infarct size (17.7 \u00b1 4.96 vs. 50.06 \u00b1 5, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001) and improved the left ventricular-developed pressure (from 47.42 \u00b1 6.27 to 91.62 \u00b1 5.22 mmHg) and the mechanical activity. Release of phosphocreatine kinase-myocardial band (73.86 \u00b1 1.95 vs. 25.93 \u00b1 0.66 IUL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) and lactate dehydrogenase (299.01 \u00b1 10.7 vs. 152.3 \u00b1 16.7 IUL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) was also decreased in the RIPC-treated group. These results demonstrate the cardioprotective effects of the hepatic remote preconditioning against the injury caused by I\/R in the isolated perfused hearts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.713564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T15:41:00Z","timestamp":1633362060000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Hepatic Remote Ischemic Preconditioning (RIPC) Protects Heart Damages Induced by Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yanlong","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shujin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenxian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huiguo","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13085","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.13085","article-title":"Remote ischemic preconditioning triggers changes in autonomic nervous system activity: implications for cardioprotection","volume":"5","author":"Abdul-Ghani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol. Rep."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.4196\/kjpp.2017.21.2.145","article-title":"Neurogenic pathways in remote ischemic preconditioning induced cardioprotection: evidences and possible mechanisms","volume":"21","author":"Aulakh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Korean J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0000000000000500","article-title":"Remote ischemic conditioning influences mitochondrial dynamics","volume":"45","author":"Cellier","year":"2016","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvy014","article-title":"Stat5-dependent cardioprotection in late remote ischaemia preconditioning","volume":"114","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.69.3.571","article-title":"ATP-regulated K+ channels protect the myocardium against ischemia\/reperfusion damage","volume":"69","author":"Cole","year":"1991","journal-title":"Circ. Res"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.050011","article-title":"Perioperative cardiac events in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a review of the magnitude of the problem, the pathophysiology of the events and methods to estimate and communicate risk","volume":"173","author":"Devereaux","year":"2005","journal-title":"CMAJ."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008911101951","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning may be transferable via whole blood transfusion: preliminary evidence","volume":"8","author":"Dickson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-021-04192-4","article-title":"Myocardial remote ischemic preconditioning: from cell biology to clinical application","volume":"2021","author":"Donato","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00003.2015","article-title":"KATP channels in the cardiovascular system","volume":"96","author":"Foster","year":"2016","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1006\/jmcc.1999.1066","article-title":"Apoptosis is initiated by myocardial ischemia and executed during reperfusion","volume":"32","author":"Freude","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.81.6.1072","article-title":"Cardioprotective effect of diazoxide and its interaction with mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channels. Possible mechanism of cardioprotection","volume":"81","author":"Garlid","year":"1997","journal-title":"Circ. Res"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1994.68","article-title":"Induction of ischemic tolerance following brief focal ischemia in rat brain","volume":"14","author":"Glazier","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1159\/000292647","article-title":"Ischemic preconditioning attenuates morphological and biochemical changes in hepatic ischemia\/reperfusion in rats","volume":"77","author":"Jin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pathobiology"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.5331","article-title":"Remote ischaemic preconditioning of the hind limb reduces experimental liver warm ischaemia-reperfusion injury","volume":"93","author":"Kanoria","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Surg."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12113-7","article-title":"Primary angioplasty versus intravenous thrombolytic therapy for acute myocardial infarction: a quantitative review of 23 randomised trials","volume":"361","author":"Keeley","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2004.042366","article-title":"Remote ischaemic preconditioning protects against cardiopulmonary bypass-induced tissue injury: a preclinical study","volume":"92","author":"Kharbanda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H847","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.1997.273.2.H847","article-title":"Protein kinase C-mediated preconditioning of cardiac myocytes: role of adenosine receptor and KATP channel","volume":"273","author":"Liang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"B18","first-page":"3303","article-title":"Preconditioning: effect upon lesion modulation in warm liver ischemia","volume":"25","author":"Lloris-Carsi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Transplant Proc."},{"key":"B19","first-page":"315","article-title":"Augmentation of skeletal muscle survival in the latissimus dorsi porcine model using acute ischemic preconditioning","volume":"21","author":"Mounsey","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.74.5.1124","article-title":"Preconditioning with ischemia: a delay of lethal cell injury in ischemic myocardium","volume":"74","author":"Murry","year":"1986","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B21","first-page":"80","article-title":"Liver ischemia preconditions the heart against ischemia-reperfusion arrhythmias","volume":"18","author":"Noorbakhsh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iran J. Basic Med. Sci"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(98)00033-9","article-title":"A fresh look at reperfusion injury","volume":"38","author":"Piper","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21002","article-title":"Acute myocardial infarction after live donor liver surgery","volume":"13","author":"Polido","year":"2007","journal-title":"Liver Transpl."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.87.3.893","article-title":"Regional ischemic 'preconditioning' protects remote virgin myocardium from subsequent sustained coronary occlusion","volume":"87","author":"Przyklenk","year":"1993","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.7555\/JBR.32.20180087","article-title":"Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver transplant setting: mechanisms and protective strategies","volume":"33","author":"Rampes","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Res."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.114.303822","article-title":"Circulating nitrite contributes to cardioprotection by remote ischemic preconditioning","volume":"114","author":"Rassaf","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circ. Res"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70069","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm6070069","article-title":"An evaluation of ischaemic preconditioning as a method of reducing ischaemia reperfusion injury in liver surgery and transplantation","volume":"6","author":"Robertson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B28","first-page":"777","article-title":"Preconditioning provides complete protection against retinal ischemic injury in rats","volume":"39","author":"Roth","year":"1998","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000017703.87741.12","article-title":"Spontaneous ischemic events in the brain and heart adapt the hearts of severely atherosclerotic mice to ischemia","volume":"22","author":"Tokuno","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1113\/eph8702385","article-title":"Myocardial infarction and cardiac remodelling in mice","volume":"87","author":"Yang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp. Physiol"},{"key":"B31","first-page":"61","article-title":"Peripheral mechanisms of remote ischemic conditioning","volume":"2","author":"Yang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cond. Med."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00862.2016","article-title":"Involvement of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta in liver ischemic conditioning induced cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats","volume":"122","author":"Yang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2168.1998.00917.x","article-title":"Amelioration of liver injury by ischaemic preconditioning","volume":"85","author":"Yoshizumi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br. J. Surg."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Physiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2021.713564\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]],"date-time":"2021-10-04T15:41:07Z","timestamp":1633362067000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2021.713564\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphys.2021.713564"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2021.713564","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-042X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-042X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,4]]},"article-number":"713564"}}