{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T20:25:00Z","timestamp":1789676700773,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"Background:<\/jats:bold> The aim of this research was to examine the relationship between the fast component of oxygen consumption developed in 1-min V<\/mml:mi>\u02d9<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mover>O<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math><\/jats:inline-formula> and force indices both measured in tethered swimming test and to assess the influence of the gathered indices on speed and swimming kinematics in 200-m front crawl race.<\/jats:p>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Forty-eight male swimmers (aged 13.5 \u00b1 0.9\u00a0years old) participated in this study. Testing included 1) 1-min all-out front crawl tethered swimming while oxygen consumption (breath by breath) and tethered forces were measured, 2) 200-m front crawl race-like swimming featuring kinematic analysis, and 3) biological age (BA<\/jats:italic>) examination.<\/jats:p>Results:<\/jats:bold> During the 1-min all-out tethered swimming test, a linear increase in oxygen consumption was observed. There were moderate to high partial correlations between particular periods of seconds in the 1-min V<\/mml:mi>\u02d9<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mover>O<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math><\/jats:inline-formula>: 31\u201360, 41\u201360, and 51\u201360 and F<\/jats:italic>max<\/jats:sub>, F<\/jats:italic>ave<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>, and I<\/jats:italic>ave<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub> of tethered swimming, while 41\u201360 and 51\u201360 V<\/mml:mi>\u02d9<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mover>O<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math><\/jats:inline-formula> were moderately to highly interrelated with all the swimming speed indices and SI<\/jats:italic>. The swimming speed indices significantly interplayed with SL<\/jats:italic>, SI<\/jats:italic>, F<\/jats:italic>max<\/jats:sub>, F<\/jats:italic>ave<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>, and I<\/jats:italic>ave<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sub>. Partial correlations were computed with BA<\/jats:italic> control.<\/jats:p>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> The ability of reaching a high level of V<\/mml:mi>\u02d9<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mover>O<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math><\/jats:inline-formula> fast is essential for a swimmer\u2019s energy production at short- and middle-distance events. Reaching a high level of V<\/mml:mi>\u02d9<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mover>O<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math><\/jats:inline-formula> significantly determines tethered strength and swimming kinematics. The level of V<\/mml:mi>\u02d9<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mover>O<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow>2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math><\/jats:inline-formula> influences the maintenance of a proper pulling force and the stroke technique of front crawl swimming in young male swimmers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.1045178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T09:34:30Z","timestamp":1669282470000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["V\u02d9O2 kinetics and tethered strength influence the 200-m front crawl stroke kinematics and speed in young male swimmers"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Kamil","family":"Soko\u0142owski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raul Filipe","family":"Bartolomeu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiago Manuel","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Strza\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2011.05.012","article-title":"Oxygen uptake kinetics and middle distance swimming performance","volume":"15","author":"Alves","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. 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