{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:50:10Z","timestamp":1791460210646,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":105,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Osteoporosis is a common endocrinologic disorder characterized as a chronic bone loss condition. Sexual dimorphism is ubiquitous in the incidence of osteoporosis with post-menopausal women being acutely affected. Gonadal sex hormones including estrogen act as crucial regulators of bone mass; therefore, loss of such hormones leads to an imbalance in skeletal turnover leading to osteoporosis. Estrogen can influence both bone formation as well as resorption by reducing osteoblast activity and enhancing osteoclastogenesis. Additionally, estrogen is a potent regulator of systemic metabolism. Recent studies have provided clues that estrogenic effect on bone might also involve alterations in bone cell metabolism and bioenergetic potential. While direct effects of gonadal hormones ability to alter intracellular metabolism of bone cells has not been studied, there is precedence within the literature that this is occurring and contributing to post-menopausal bone loss. This review aims to serve as a perspective piece detailing the prospective role of gonadal hormones regulating bone cell metabolic potential.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.1052429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T05:31:50Z","timestamp":1668144710000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Endocrinal metabolic regulation on the skeletal system in post-menopausal women"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Santosh","family":"Thapa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ananya","family":"Nandy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Rendina-Ruedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2480129","article-title":"Fatty acid oxidation in bone tissue and bone cells in culture. Characterization and hormonal influences","volume":"248","author":"Adamek","year":"1987","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022464","article-title":"Bone loss and bone size after menopause","volume":"349","author":"Ahlborg","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3034","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612822666160307145801","article-title":"Metabolic control of type 2 diabetes by targeting the GLUT4 glucose transporter: Intervention approaches","volume":"22","author":"Alam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm. Des."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v12.i10.1622","article-title":"Estrogens and the regulation of glucose metabolism","volume":"12","author":"Alemany","year":"2021","journal-title":"World J. Diabetes"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"981487","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.981487","article-title":"The pathophysiology of osteoporosis in obesity and type 2 diabetes in aging women and men: The mechanisms and roles of increased bone marrow adiposity","volume":"13","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00033.2015","article-title":"Estrogens and androgens in skeletal physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"97","author":"Almeida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21330","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.21330","article-title":"Glycolysis and glutaminolysis cooperatively control T cell function by limiting metabolite supply to N-glycosylation","volume":"6","author":"Araujo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12331","article-title":"Treg induction by a rationally selected mixture of Clostridia strains from the human microbiota","volume":"500","author":"Atarashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.12.089","article-title":"Human bone marrow is comprised of adipocytes with specific lipid metabolism","volume":"30","author":"Attan\u00e9","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell. Rep."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4858","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.7.4858","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 induces differentiation of and bone resorption by osteoclasts","volume":"275","author":"Azuma","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2017.06.025","article-title":"Estrogen-gut microbiome axis: Physiological and clinical implications","volume":"103","author":"Baker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199808273390905","article-title":"Increased bone mass as a result of estrogen therapy in a man with aromatase deficiency","volume":"339","author":"Bilezikian","year":"1998","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1078223","article-title":"Extended longevity in mice lacking the insulin receptor in adipose tissue","volume":"299","author":"Bl\u00fcher","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9258(18)69506-7","article-title":"Metabolic studies of bone in vitro","volume":"235","author":"Borle","year":"1960","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9258(18)69507-9","article-title":"Metabolic studies of bone in vitro","volume":"235","author":"Borle","year":"1960","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6025","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0602","article-title":"Estrogens are essential for male pubertal periosteal bone expansion","volume":"89","author":"Bouillon","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2129","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2532","article-title":"Increased bone marrow fat in anorexia nervosa","volume":"94","author":"Bredella","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11091424","article-title":"New insights into adipose tissue macrophages in obesity and insulin resistance","volume":"11","author":"Cai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11066","article-title":"Estrogen deficiency induces bone loss by enhancing T-cell production of TNF-alpha","volume":"106","author":"Cenci","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2016.08.001","article-title":"Estrogen and microbiota crosstalk: Should we pay attention?","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldaa005","article-title":"The epidemiology of osteoporosis","volume":"133","author":"Clynes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. Med. Bull."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1601-6","article-title":"Secular trends in the incidence of hip and other osteoporotic fractures","volume":"22","author":"Cooper","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E707","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8050707","article-title":"Bone marrow adipocytes: The enigmatic components of the hematopoietic stem cell niche","volume":"8","author":"Cuminetti","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B24","first-page":"234","article-title":"Bone fragility and imaging techniques","volume":"6","author":"D'Elia","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Cases Min. Bone Metab."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675385","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.675385","article-title":"The role of osteoclast energy metabolism in the occurrence and development of osteoporosis","volume":"12","author":"Da","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48098","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.18259","article-title":"Rcan2 and estradiol independently regulate body weight in female mice","volume":"8","author":"Ding","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4120","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22084120","article-title":"Glucose metabolism in osteoblasts in healthy and pathophysiological conditions","volume":"22","author":"Donat","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.4065\/83.9.1032","article-title":"Bisphosphonates: Mechanism of action and role in clinical practice","volume":"83","author":"Drake","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2012.88","article-title":"Mechanisms and implications of bone adipose tissue-mineral relationships","volume":"66","author":"Elia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041568","article-title":"Critical role of estrogens on bone homeostasis in both male and female: From physiology to medical implications","volume":"22","author":"Emmanuelle","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.03.017","article-title":"WNT-LRP5 signaling induces Warburg effect through mTORC2 activation during osteoblast differentiation","volume":"17","author":"Esen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell. Metab."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.01343-14","article-title":"Wnt-Lrp5 signaling regulates fatty acid metabolism in the osteoblast","volume":"35","author":"Frey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12721","article-title":"Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells","volume":"504","author":"Furusawa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.0810c","article-title":"Estrogen and fracture risk in men","volume":"23","author":"Gennari","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5898","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1717","article-title":"Aromatase activity and bone homeostasis in men","volume":"89","author":"Gennari","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B36","first-page":"372","article-title":"Obesity, osteoporosis and bone metabolism","volume":"20","author":"Gkastaris","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Musculoskelet. Neuronal Interact."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E99","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10010099","article-title":"Estrogen and glycemic homeostasis: The fundamental role of nuclear estrogen receptors ESR1\/ESR2 in glucose transporter GLUT4 regulation","volume":"10","author":"Gregorio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B38","first-page":"347","article-title":"Biological basis of bone strength: Anatomy, physiology and measurement","volume":"20","author":"Hart","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Musculoskelet. Neuronal Interact."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-010-1422-4","article-title":"EANM Dosimetry Committee guidelines for bone marrow and whole-body dosimetry","volume":"37","author":"Hindorf","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1080\/21623945.2017.1367881","article-title":"Bone marrow adipocytes","volume":"6","author":"Horowitz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adipocyte"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7678183","article-title":"Adipose expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha: Direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance","volume":"259","author":"Hotamisligil","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2392","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1976","article-title":"Metabolic regulation of osteoclast differentiation and function","volume":"28","author":"Indo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.060402","article-title":"Strain-dependent variations in the response of cancellous bone to ovariectomy in mice","volume":"21","author":"Iwaniec","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63142","DOI":"10.3791\/63142","article-title":"Using real-time cell metabolic flux analyzer to monitor osteoblast bioenergetics","volume":"181","author":"Jayapalan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cdtm.2015.02.006","article-title":"Primary osteoporosis in postmenopausal women","volume":"1","author":"Ji","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chronic Dis. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0172-4","article-title":"An estimate of the worldwide prevalence and disability associated with osteoporotic fractures","volume":"17","author":"Johnell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-018-4704-5","article-title":"European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women","volume":"30","author":"Kanis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2007.11.001","article-title":"A reference standard for the description of osteoporosis","volume":"42","author":"Kanis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI78470","article-title":"Increased glutamine catabolism mediates bone anabolism in response to WNT signaling","volume":"125","author":"Karner","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2011.00669.x","article-title":"Senescence-associated intrinsic mechanisms of osteoblast dysfunctions","volume":"10","author":"Kassem","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aging Cell."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92704","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.92704","article-title":"Fatty acid oxidation by the osteoblast is required for normal bone acquisition in a sex- and diet-dependent manner","volume":"2","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21936","article-title":"Estrogenic control of mitochondrial function and biogenesis","volume":"105","author":"Klinge","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997358","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.997358","article-title":"Mitochondrial fatty acid \u03b2-oxidation is important for normal osteoclast formation in growing female mice","volume":"13","author":"Kushwaha","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2008.11.004","article-title":"Comparable amounts of sex steroids are made outside the gonads in men and women: Strong lesson for hormone therapy of prostate and breast cancer","volume":"113","author":"Labrie","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3171\/SPI-07\/09\/305","article-title":"Trends in pathological vertebral fractures in the United States: 1993 to 2004","volume":"7","author":"Lad","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Spine"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2009.06.011","article-title":"Increased RANK ligand in bone marrow of orchiectomized rats and prevention of their bone loss by the RANK ligand inhibitor osteoprotegerin","volume":"45","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00069","article-title":"The unique metabolic characteristics of bone marrow adipose tissue","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2535","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2018.3498","article-title":"AMP-activated protein kinase stimulates osteoblast differentiation and mineralization through autophagy induction","volume":"41","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e78496","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.78496","article-title":"Lipolysis of bone marrow adipocytes is required to fuel bone and the marrow niche during energy deficits","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22342","article-title":"Blocking FSH induces thermogenic adipose tissue and reduces body fat","volume":"546","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235060","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/235060","article-title":"Effect of GH\/IGF-1 on bone metabolism and osteoporsosis","volume":"2014","author":"Locatelli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02490-4","article-title":"Short-chain fatty acids regulate systemic bone mass and protect from pathological bone loss","volume":"9","author":"Lucas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-017-0463-0","article-title":"Estrogen lowers triglyceride via regulating hepatic APOA5 expression","volume":"16","author":"Luo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7568","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b02363","article-title":"Bisphosphonate-generated ATP-analogs inhibit cell signaling pathways","volume":"140","author":"Malwal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2885","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201800948RR","article-title":"Progenitor recruitment and adipogenic lipolysis contribute to the anabolic actions of parathyroid hormone on the skeleton","volume":"33","author":"Maridas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Faseb J."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2113","article-title":"Extrinsic mechanisms involved in age-related defective bone formation","volume":"96","author":"Marie","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2082","article-title":"Female mice lacking estrogen receptor-alpha in osteoblasts have compromised bone mass and strength","volume":"29","author":"Melville","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230671","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/230671","article-title":"Aromatase activity and bone loss in men","volume":"2011","author":"Merlotti","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Osteoporos."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R131","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-15-0118","article-title":"Management of endocrine disease: Secondary osteoporosis: Pathophysiology and management","volume":"173","author":"Mirza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.217","article-title":"Relation of age, gender, and bone mass to circulating sclerostin levels in women and men","volume":"26","author":"M\u00f6dder","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-020-0102-7","article-title":"Aging and menopause reprogram osteoclast precursors for aggressive bone resorption","volume":"8","author":"Moller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone Res."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E7-E14","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00473.2017","article-title":"Impact of estrogens and estrogen receptor-\u03b1 in brain lipid metabolism","volume":"315","author":"Morselli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M800019-JLR200","article-title":"Dead adipocytes, detected as crown-like structures, are prevalent in visceral fat depots of genetically obese mice","volume":"49","author":"Murano","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2021.101550","article-title":"Bone marrow adipocytes - good, bad, or just different?","volume":"35","author":"Nandy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Best. Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1500","article-title":"Role of T cells in ovariectomy induced bone loss--revisited","volume":"27","author":"Pacifici","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.09.015","article-title":"Lipids in the bone marrow: An evolving perspective","volume":"31","author":"Rendina-Ruedy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell. Metab."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13662","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222413662","article-title":"Obesity and bone: A complex relationship","volume":"22","author":"Rinonapoli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1841","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.5.6583","article-title":"Estrogen replacement therapy in a man with congenital aromatase deficiency: Effects of different doses of transdermal estradiol on bone mineral density and hormonal parameters","volume":"85","author":"Rochira","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2020.07.017","article-title":"Estrogen receptor beta controls muscle growth and regeneration in young female mice","volume":"15","author":"Seko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell. Rep."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2013.02.009","article-title":"Comparison of the relationship between bone marrow adipose tissue and volumetric bone mineral density in children and adults","volume":"17","author":"Shen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Clin. Densitom."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134092","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.134092","article-title":"Gut permeability, inflammation, and bone density across the menopause transition","volume":"5","author":"Shieh","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2019.07.001","article-title":"Executive summary of the 2019 ISCD position development conference on monitoring treatment, DXA cross-calibration and least significant change, spinal cord injury, peri-prosthetic and orthopedic bone health, transgender medicine, and pediatrics","volume":"22","author":"Shuhart","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Densitom."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1677\/jme.0.0250149","article-title":"Role of aromatase in sex steroid action","volume":"25","author":"Simpson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Mol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI17246","article-title":"A functional androgen receptor is not sufficient to allow estradiol to protect bone after gonadectomy in estradiol receptor-deficient mice","volume":"111","author":"Sims","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1588","article-title":"The gut microbiota regulates bone mass in mice","volume":"27","author":"Sj\u00f6gren","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199410203311604","article-title":"Estrogen resistance caused by a mutation in the estrogen-receptor gene in a man","volume":"331","author":"Smith","year":"1994","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889923","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.889923","article-title":"The regulation of adipose tissue health by estrogens","volume":"13","author":"Steiner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glt105","article-title":"Death, debility, and destitution following hip fracture","author":"Tajeu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21020","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-77892-4","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming of osteoclasts represents a therapeutic target during the treatment of osteoporosis","volume":"10","author":"Taubmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5484.1504","article-title":"Bone resorption by osteoclasts","volume":"289","author":"Teitelbaum","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2050","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.04.066","article-title":"Obesity-associated hypermetabolism and accelerated senescence of bone marrow stromal stem cells suggest a potential mechanism for bone fragility","volume":"27","author":"Tencerova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. Rep."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-019-0076-5","article-title":"Metabolic programming determines the lineage-differentiation fate of murine bone marrow stromal progenitor cells","volume":"7","author":"Tencerova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bone Res."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1996.0140","article-title":"Expression and regulation by insulin of GLUT 3 in UMR 106-01, a clonal rat osteosarcoma cell line","volume":"218","author":"Thomas","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp203","article-title":"Gains in body fat and vasomotor symptom reporting over the menopausal transition: The study of women's health across the nation","volume":"170","author":"Thurston","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2011.00978.x","article-title":"Oestradiol is a protective factor for non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease in healthy men","volume":"13","author":"Tian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0252487","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0252487","article-title":"Association between obesity and risk of fracture, bone mineral density and bone quality in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Turcotte","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2009.112","article-title":"Estrogens as regulators of bone health in men","volume":"5","author":"Vandenput","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8817421","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8817421","article-title":"Butyrate inhibits osteoclast activity in vitro and regulates systemic inflammation and bone healing in a murine osteotomy model compared to antibiotic-treated mice","volume":"2021","author":"Wallimann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mediat. Inflamm."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.05.029","article-title":"Glucose uptake and Runx2 synergize to orchestrate osteoblast differentiation and bone formation","volume":"161","author":"Wei","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1100","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11051100","article-title":"Maintaining the outcomes of a successful weight gain prevention intervention in mid-age women: Two year results from the 40-something randomized control trial","volume":"11","author":"Williams","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4722","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2018.6772","article-title":"Effects of androgen and progestin on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts","volume":"16","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664697","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.664697","article-title":"Sesamolin protects mice from ovariectomized bone loss by inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and RANKL-mediated NF-\u03baB and MAPK signaling pathways","volume":"12","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38218","article-title":"Combination of tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 and interleukin\u20106 induces mouse osteoclast\u2010like cells with bone resorption activity both in vitro and in vivo","volume":"66","author":"Yokota","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e54695","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.54695","article-title":"Single cell transcriptomics identifies a unique adipose lineage cell population that regulates bone marrow environment","volume":"9","author":"Zhong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16004","DOI":"10.1038\/boneres.2016.4","article-title":"In vivo radiometric analysis of glucose uptake and distribution in mouse bone","volume":"4","author":"Zoch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone Res."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Physiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2022.1052429\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]],"date-time":"2022-11-11T05:31:57Z","timestamp":1668144717000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2022.1052429\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"references-count":105,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphys.2022.1052429"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2022.1052429","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-042X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-042X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,11]]},"article-number":"1052429"}}