{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T06:28:07Z","timestamp":1771655287953,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Introduction:<\/jats:bold> Exercise is widely recognized as prophylaxis for osteoporosis. However, exactly which type of exercise is best to prevent loss of bone mass remains undefined. To find an appropriate form of treadmill exercise that would ameliorate postmenopausal loss of cortical and trabecular structures, we compared various training regimen in ovariectomized (OVX) C57BL\/6J mice.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Common to all regimen were training durations of 14 weeks including five 30 min-sessions per week. Two groups\u2014one sham operated, one OVX\u2014served as controls that did not perform any training. Three OVX groups ran at constant speed, either without any incline or at 20\u00b0 in- and 20\u00b0 decline, respectively. An additional OVX group ran an interval training, an alternation between intensive tempo sections and so-called slower regeneration phases. Femoral and humeral bone structures were assessed <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> micro-computed tomography (\u03bcCT), biomechanical stability of the femora <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> 3-point bending test, muscle volumes of the posterior extremities <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and bone metabolic parameters <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> ELISA on peripheral blood.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Result:<\/jats:bold> OVX resulted in loss of bone mass and stability and a transient rise in the N-terminal collagen type I pro-peptide (PINP). Training resulted in increased muscle volumes of the heart and the lower extremities as well as increased running velocities. However, none of the exercise programs was able to prevent ovariectomyinduced loss of bone mass.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Discussion:<\/jats:bold> These data therefore suggest that axial loading and tensile strain do not suffice as prophylaxis for postmenopausal osteoporosis yet may need to be complemented by low dose pharmaceutics or dietary supplements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.1078857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]],"date-time":"2022-12-16T06:09:15Z","timestamp":1671170955000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prolonged treadmill training is not able to prevent ovariectomy-induced bone loss"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Tim","family":"Massing","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantin","family":"Will","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johann","family":"Aleith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Lindner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mareike","family":"Warkentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brigitte","family":"M\u00fcller-Hilke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Mittlmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2745","article-title":"Dietary restriction-induced alterations in bone phenotype: Effects of lifelong versus short-term caloric restriction on femoral and vertebral bone in C57bl\/6 mice","volume":"31","author":"Behrendt","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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