{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T21:41:42Z","timestamp":1780609302321,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> ProBNP<jats:sub>1-108<\/jats:sub>\/BNP<jats:sub>1-32<\/jats:sub>, and NT-pro-BNP<jats:sub>1-76<\/jats:sub>\/BNP<jats:sub>1-32<\/jats:sub> ratios are significant indices for predicting complications after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. However, the effect of aerobic training types on these biomarkers has not been fully understood. So, the current study aimed to determine the impact of aerobic interval and continuous training programs on plasma ratios of ProBNP<jats:sub>1-108<\/jats:sub>\/BNP<jats:sub>1-32<\/jats:sub> and NT-pro-BNP<jats:sub>1-76<\/jats:sub>\/BNP<jats:sub>1-32<\/jats:sub> after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method:<\/jats:bold> 36 patients were selected purposive (27 men and 9 women with mean of age 60.32 \u00b1 5.81\u00a0years, height 164.64 \u00b1 9.25\u00a0cm, weight 73.86 \u00b1 14.23\u00a0kg, fat 32.30 \u00b1 4.28, SBP 142.67 \u00b1 6.49, DBP 84.5 \u00b1 5.16\u00a0mmHg in seated position at rest situation and functional capacity of 7.08 \u00b1 2.49 METs) and then divided randomly into three groups: control (C) group (without training program) moderate continuous training (MCT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT) (exercise training program was performed 3\u00a0days\/week for 8\u00a0weeks) with intensities 65%\u201380% and 80%\u201395% of reserve heart rate in order. Blood samples were taken 48\u00a0h before the first session and 48\u00a0h after the last training session to measure the plasma levels of ProBNP<jats:sub>1\u2013108<\/jats:sub>, corin enzyme, BNP<jats:sub>1-32<\/jats:sub>, and NT-pro-BNP<jats:sub>1-76<\/jats:sub> using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Wilcoxin and kruskal wallis tests were used for analyzing data.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> The plasma corin enzyme was increased, and the ratios of proBNP<jats:sub>1-108<\/jats:sub>\/BNP<jats:sub>1-32<\/jats:sub> and NT-pro-BNP<jats:sub>1-76<\/jats:sub>\/BNP<jats:sub>1-32<\/jats:sub> were reduced in both training groups in compared with control group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.004, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0000, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.016, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.003, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.009, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.016) when there was no significant difference was found between training groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.074, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 450, and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.295).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> Both high intensity interval training and moderate continuous training in compared with inactivity have positive effects on ratios of ProBNP<jats:sub>1-108<\/jats:sub>\/BNP<jats:sub>1-32<\/jats:sub>, NT-pro-BNP<jats:sub>1-76<\/jats:sub>\/BNP<jats:sub>1-32<\/jats:sub> and could be effective to promote the health of coronary arteries and prevention of HF in post-CABG patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1114813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T06:17:58Z","timestamp":1678169878000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Impact of high intensity interval and moderate continuous training on plasma ratios of ProBNP1-108\/BNP1-32 and NT-pro-BNP1-76\/BNP1-32 after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Zare Karizak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majid","family":"Kashef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbas Ali","family":"Gaeini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Nejatian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e001265","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001265","article-title":"Weight loss, saline loading, and the natriuretic peptide system","volume":"4","author":"Arora","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2014.11.001","article-title":"Plasma corin decreases after coronary artery bypass graft surgery and is associated with postoperative heart failure: A pilot study","volume":"29","author":"Barnet","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.107869","article-title":"Physiology and clinical significance of natriuretic hormones","volume":"17","author":"Chopra","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J. Endocrinol. metabolism"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1111\/joic.12045","article-title":"Acute ischemic complications of PCI and CABG: Who should cover whom for coronary revascularization?","volume":"26","author":"Cockburn","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Interventional Cardiol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2009.183889","article-title":"Exercise training in heart failure: Practical guidance","volume":"96","author":"Conraads","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E689","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.191108","article-title":"Management of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: A guide for primary care practitioners","volume":"193","author":"de Waard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcnurse.2004.11.003","article-title":"Cardiac rehabilitation reduces the rate of major adverse cardiac events after percutaneous coronary intervention","volume":"4","author":"Dendale","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Nurs."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199715120-00074","article-title":"Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and natriuretic peptide receptor gene expression in adipose tissue of normotensive and hypertensive obese patients","volume":"15","author":"Dess\u00ec-Fulgheri","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"B9","volume-title":"Introduction to social statistics: The logic of statistical reasoning","author":"Dietz","year":"2009"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e31820ef9c1","article-title":"Increased peak postoperative B-type natriuretic peptide predicts decreased longer-term physical function after primary coronary artery bypass graft surgery","volume":"114","author":"Fox","year":"2011","journal-title":"Anesthesiol. J. Am. Soc. Anesthesiol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s13036-017-0093-0","article-title":"Synthesis, secretion, function, metabolism and application of natriuretic peptides in heart failure","volume":"12","author":"Fu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biol. Eng."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00692","article-title":"Brain natriuretic peptide and its biochemical, analytical, and clinical issues in heart failure: A narrative review","volume":"9","author":"Fu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. physiology"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2006.12.006","article-title":"Effect of exercise training on autonomic derangement and neurohumoral activation in chronic heart failure","volume":"13","author":"Gademan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. cardiac Fail."},{"key":"B14","first-page":"151","article-title":"Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation improves hemodynamic responses after coronary artery bypass graft surgery","volume":"7","author":"Ghashghaei","year":"2012","journal-title":"ARYA Atheroscler."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.224725","article-title":"Physiological adaptations to low-volume, high-intensity interval training in health and disease","volume":"590","author":"Gibala","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. physiology"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-6175.2005.04769.x","article-title":"Expanding the definition and classification of hypertension","volume":"7","author":"Giles","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Hypertens."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2548","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.cj-10-1061","article-title":"Exercise training in post-CABG patients at low prognostic risk\u2013beyond recovery from surgery\u2013","volume":"74","author":"Goto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation J."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.2165\/11631910-000000000-00000","article-title":"High-intensity interval training in cardiac rehabilitation","volume":"42","author":"Guiraud","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sports Med."},{"key":"B19","volume-title":"Markers of hemodynamic state and heart failure as predictors for outcome in cardiac surgery: With special reference to mixed venous oxygen saturation and natriuretic peptides","author":"Holm","year":"2013"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.114.001174","article-title":"Pro\u2013B-Type natriuretic peptide-1-108 processing and degradation in human heart failure","volume":"8","author":"Huntley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R102","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00233.2012","article-title":"Differential expression of the pro-natriuretic peptide convertases corin and furin in experimental heart failure and atrial fibrosis. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory","volume":"304","author":"Ichiki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Integr. Comp. Physiology"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2010.153908","article-title":"Corin is present in the normal human heart, kidney, and blood, with pro\u2013B-type natriuretic peptide processing in the circulation","volume":"57","author":"Ichiki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2011.01.083","article-title":"Prognostic values of NTpro BNP\/BNP ratio in comparison with NTpro BNP or BNP alone in elderly patients with chronic heart failure in a 2-year follow up","volume":"155","author":"Jensen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-010-0140-z","article-title":"Inflammation increases NT-proBNP and the NT-proBNP\/BNP ratio","volume":"99","author":"Jensen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euje.2005.12.014","article-title":"Recommendations for chamber quantification","volume":"7","author":"Lang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Echocardiogr."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.01.005","article-title":"Pro\u2013B-Type natriuretic peptide1\u2013108 circulates in the general community: Plasma determinants and detection of left ventricular dysfunction","volume":"57","author":"Macheret","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2449","article-title":"Changes in B-type natriuretic peptide and BMI following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery","volume":"37","author":"Marney","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes care"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1007\/s11897-013-0130-3","article-title":"High-intensity aerobic interval exercise in chronic heart failure","volume":"10","author":"Meyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. heart Fail. Rep."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2012.02.007","article-title":"Comparison of novel pro-BNP1\u2013108 and standard BNP assays in heart failure patients","volume":"413","author":"Miller","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. acta"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2012.11.004","article-title":"Effect of cardiac rehabilitation on muscle mass, muscle strength, and exercise tolerance in diabetic patients after coronary artery bypass grafting","volume":"61","author":"Nishitani","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cardiol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.12.050","article-title":"Aerobic training decreases B-type natriuretic peptide expression and adrenergic activation in patients with heart failure","volume":"47","author":"Passino","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000819","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2018-000819","article-title":"Effect of exercise therapy on established and emerging circulating biomarkers in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Pearson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open heart"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1186\/1749-8090-8-176","article-title":"Potential biomarkers for predicting outcomes in CABG cardiothoracic surgeries","volume":"8","author":"Preeshagul","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Cardiothorac. Surg."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-2888-5","volume-title":"Exercise cardiopulmonary function in cardiac patients: Springer science and business media","author":"Sagiv","year":"2012"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1790","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2020.05.098","article-title":"The effects of aerobic exercise on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and cardiopulmonary function in patients with heart failure: A meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials","volume":"29","author":"Santoso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lung Circulation"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200104123441502","article-title":"Comparison of coronary-artery bypass surgery and stenting for the treatment of multivessel disease","volume":"344","author":"Serruys","year":"2001","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2012.01.010","article-title":"Cardiac dysfunction in the CABG patient","volume":"12","author":"Siribaddana","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2009.07.004","article-title":"Systematic review of the effect of aerobic and resistance exercise training on systemic brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and N-terminal BNP expression in heart failure patients","volume":"140","author":"Smart","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2621","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.0471-17","article-title":"The molar ratio of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide\/B-type natriuretic peptide for heart failure-related events in stable outpatients with cardiovascular risk factors","volume":"57","author":"Suzuki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"key":"B40","volume-title":"Exercise leadership in cardiac rehabilitation: An evidence-based approach","author":"Thow","year":"2006"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0838.2010.01133.x","article-title":"Effects of exercise training on oxygen uptake in coronary heart disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Valkeinen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Scand. J. Med. Sci. sports"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S32","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000273010.06226.99","article-title":"Superior cardiovascular effect of aerobic interval-training versus moderate continuous training in elderly heart failure patients: 651May 31 8: 15 AM-8: 30 am","volume":"39","author":"Wisloff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"B43","first-page":"9","article-title":"The comparison of two protocol of interval and continues aerobic training on level of concentric pathologic hypertrophy and cardiac function in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery","volume":"5","author":"Zare Karizak","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pract. Stud. Biosci. Sport"},{"key":"B44","first-page":"131","article-title":"The comparison of eight weeks interval and continuous training on PRO-BNP\/CORIN system in coronary artery disease patients after CABG surgery","volume":"9","author":"Zarekarizak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sport Physiol."},{"key":"B47","first-page":"15","article-title":"Variations of plasma adrenomedullin, ventricular ejection fraction and resting rate pressure product, following rehabilitation programs of interval and continuous training after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery","volume":"8","author":"Zarekarizak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal for Research in Sport Rehabilitation"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.7754\/clin.lab.2014.140417","article-title":"NT-pro-BNP during isotonic and isometric exercise in heart failure patients with preserved LV ejection fraction","volume":"60","author":"Zdrenghea","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Lab."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.110.958199","article-title":"Plasma biomarkers that reflect determinants of matrix composition identify the presence of left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic heart failure","volume":"4","author":"Zile","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Physiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2023.1114813\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T06:18:09Z","timestamp":1678169889000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2023.1114813\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphys.2023.1114813"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2023.1114813","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-042X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-042X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]]},"article-number":"1114813"}}