{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T21:03:55Z","timestamp":1768079035287,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1681344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81870245 82070334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870245 82070334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> We aimed to explore the relationship between the serum Soluble Scavenger with 5 Domains (SSC5D) levels and heart failure (HF).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods and Results:<\/jats:bold> We retrospectively enrolled 276 patients diagnosed with HF or normal during hospitalization in Shanghai General Hospital between September 2020 and December 2021. Previously published RNA sequencing data were re-analyzed to confirm the expression profile of <jats:italic>SSC5D<\/jats:italic> in failing and non-failing human and mouse heart tissues. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was used to quantify <jats:italic>Ssc5d<\/jats:italic> mRNA levels in murine heart tissue after myocardial infarction and transverse aortic constriction surgery. To understand the HF-induced secreted proteins profile, 1,755 secreted proteins were investigated using human dilated cardiomyopathy RNA-seq data, and the results indicated that <jats:italic>SSC5D<\/jats:italic> levels were significantly elevated in failing hearts compared to the non-failing. Using single-cell RNA sequencing data, we demonstrated that <jats:italic>Ssc5d<\/jats:italic> is predominantly expressed in cardiac fibroblasts. In a murine model of myocardial infarction or transverse aortic constriction, <jats:italic>Ssc5d<\/jats:italic> mRNA levels were markedly increased compared with those in the sham group. Similarly, serum SSC5D levels were considerably elevated in the HF group compared with the control group [15,789.35 (10,745.32\u201323,110.65) pg\/mL, 95% CI (16,263.01\u201319,655.43) vs. 8,938.72 (6,154.97\u201312,778.81) pg\/mL, 95% CI (9,337.50\u201311,142.93); <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.0001]. Moreover, serum SSC5D levels were positively correlated with N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (R = 0.4, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 7.9e-12) and inversely correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (R = \u22120.46, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 9.8e-16).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> We concluded that SSC5D was a specific response to HF. Serum SSC5D may function as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for patients with HF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1140856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]],"date-time":"2023-04-13T08:02:36Z","timestamp":1681372956000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The serum soluble scavenger with 5 domains levels: A novel biomarker for individuals with heart failure"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yulong","family":"Ge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hangwei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gonghao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junyi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunxia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhuge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.00620","article-title":"CD5L, macrophage apoptosis inhibitor, was identified in epicardial fat-secretome and regulated by isoproterenol from patients with heart failure","volume":"11","author":"Agra-Bermejo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. 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