{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T06:54:35Z","timestamp":1792652075495,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722211200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mesenchymal stem cells endow various functions, including proliferation, multipotency, migration, etc. Craniofacial bones originate from the cranial neural crest and are developed mainly through intramembranous ossification, which are different from long bones. There are varied mesenchymal stem cells existing in the craniofacial bone, including Gli1 + cells, Axin2 + cells, Prx1 + cells, etc. Nerves distributed in craniofacial area are also derived from the neural crest, and the trigeminal nerve is the major sensory nerve in craniofacial area. The nerves and the skeleton are tightly linked spatially, and the skeleton is broadly innervated by sensory and sympathetic nerves, which also participate in bone development, homeostasis and healing process. In this review, we summarize mesenchymal stem cells located in craniofacial bone or, to be more specific, in jaws, temporomandibular joint and cranial sutures. Then we discuss the research advance concerning neural regulation of mesenchymal stem cells in craniofacial bone, mainly focused on development, homeostasis and repair. Discovery of neural regulation of mesenchymal stem cells may assist in treatment in the craniofacial bone diseases or injuries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2024.1423539","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T09:31:49Z","timestamp":1722245509000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Neural regulation of mesenchymal stem cells in craniofacial bone: development, homeostasis and repair"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Huai-Jin","family":"Pi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun-Jun","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00049","article-title":"The nervous system orchestrates and integrates craniofacial development: a review","volume":"7","author":"Adameyko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2020.102970","article-title":"The neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide alpha is essential for bone healing","volume":"59","author":"Appelt","year":"2020","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/164_2018_129","article-title":"CGRP discovery and timeline","volume":"255","author":"Arkless","year":"2019","journal-title":"Handb. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.npep.2023.102328","article-title":"The role of sensory and sympathetic nerves in craniofacial bone regeneration","volume":"99","author":"Assefa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.04.035","article-title":"Bone development","volume":"80","author":"Berendsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36406-2","article-title":"A single-cell transcriptional atlas reveals resident progenitor cell niche functions in TMJ disc development and injury","volume":"14","author":"Bi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2020.02.835","article-title":"Identification of human temporomandibular joint fibrocartilage stem cells with distinct chondrogenic capacity","volume":"28","author":"Bi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Osteoarthr. Cartil."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06526-2","article-title":"A multi-stem cell basis for craniosynostosis and calvarial mineralization","volume":"621","author":"Bok","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.127.8.1671","article-title":"Fate of the mammalian cranial neural crest during tooth and mandibular morphogenesis","volume":"127","author":"Chai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.12.002","article-title":"Identification and specification of the mouse skeletal stem cell","volume":"160","author":"Chan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.07.029","article-title":"Identification of the human skeletal stem cell","volume":"175","author":"Chan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-08097-7","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2 mediates sensory nerve regulation of bone homeostasis","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/s10529-016-2263-4","article-title":"Gelatin microspheres containing calcitonin gene-related peptide or substance P repair bone defects in osteoporotic rabbits","volume":"39","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Lett."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-018-0675-z","article-title":"Skin neurogenic inflammation","volume":"40","author":"Choi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623317738708","article-title":"Neuronal control of bone remodeling","volume":"45","author":"Corr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxicol. Pathol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0554-8","article-title":"Discovery of a periosteal stem cell mediating intramembranous bone formation","volume":"562","author":"Debnath","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e105976","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0105976","article-title":"Sympathetic denervation-induced MSC mobilization in distraction osteogenesis associates with inhibition of MSC migration and osteogenesis by norepinephrine\/adrb3","volume":"9","author":"Du","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00014.2017","article-title":"Impact of the autonomic nervous system on the skeleton","volume":"98","author":"Elefteriou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-013-9752-4","article-title":"Control of bone remodeling by the peripheral sympathetic nervous system","volume":"94","author":"Elefteriou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Calcif. Tissue Int."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13073","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13073","article-title":"Exploiting endogenous fibrocartilage stem cells to regenerate cartilage and repair joint injury","volume":"7","author":"Embree","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2020.115521","article-title":"Role of Prx1-expressing skeletal cells and Prx1-expression in fracture repair","volume":"139","author":"Esposito","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.150136","article-title":"BMP signaling orchestrates a transcriptional network to control the fate of mesenchymal stem cells in mice","volume":"144","author":"Feng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sult.2022.04.002","article-title":"The trigeminal nerve: anatomy and pathology","volume":"43","author":"Freddi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin. Ultrasound CT MR"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2022.02.008","article-title":"A cholinergic neuroskeletal interface promotes bone formation during postnatal growth and exercise","volume":"29","author":"Gadomski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-014-0485-1","article-title":"The role of peripheral nerve fibers and their neurotransmitters in cartilage and bone physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"16","author":"Gr\u00e4SSEL","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-811X-9-12","article-title":"Different populations and sources of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC): a comparison of adult and neonatal tissue-derived MSC","volume":"9","author":"Hass","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Commun. Signal"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034518758244","article-title":"Role of the inferior alveolar nerve in rodent lower incisor stem cells","volume":"97","author":"Hayano","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11000","article-title":"Osteoprotection by semaphorin 3A","volume":"485","author":"Hayashi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1038\/350678a0","article-title":"High-affinity NGF binding requires coexpression of the trk proto-oncogene and the low-affinity NGF receptor","volume":"350","author":"Hempstead","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1909","article-title":"A new role of substance P as an injury-inducible messenger for mobilization of CD29(+) stromal-like cells","volume":"15","author":"Hong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8138374","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8138374","article-title":"Gli1(+) cells residing in bone sutures respond to mechanical force via IP(3)R to mediate osteogenesis","volume":"2021","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345231176522","article-title":"PRRX1(+)MSCs enhance mandibular regeneration during distraction osteogenesis","volume":"102","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-016-0280-1","article-title":"Role of vasoactive intestinal peptide in osteoarthritis","volume":"23","author":"Jiang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345231159821","article-title":"ScRNA-seq reveals a distinct osteogenic progenitor of alveolar bone","volume":"102","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4561","article-title":"Response of Gli1(+) suture stem cells to mechanical force upon suture expansion","volume":"37","author":"Jing","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Bone Min. Res."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.08.021","article-title":"Skeletal stem cell-schwann cell circuitry in mandibular repair","volume":"28","author":"Jones","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9243","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-13217-x","article-title":"Semaphorin 3A regulates alveolar bone remodeling on orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"12","author":"Kamei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01654","article-title":"The complexities of skeletal biology","volume":"423","author":"Karsenty","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13536","article-title":"Glial origin of mesenchymal stem cells in a tooth model system","volume":"513","author":"Kaukua","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2016.01.023","article-title":"Regulation of FGF signaling: recent insights from studying positive and negative modulators","volume":"53","author":"Korsensky","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.22203\/ecm.v028a24","article-title":"Neural crest stem cell population in craniomaxillofacial development and tissue repair","volume":"28","author":"La Noce","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. Cell Mater"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345211059079","article-title":"Inhibiting hh signaling in Gli1(+) osteogenic progenitors alleviates TMJOA","volume":"101","author":"Lei","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2017.08.005","article-title":"The bio in the ink: cartilage regeneration with bioprintable hydrogels and articular cartilage-derived progenitor cells","volume":"61","author":"Levato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6754","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29569","article-title":"Sema3A and HIF1\u03b1 co-overexpressed iPSC-MSCs\/HA scaffold facilitates the repair of calvarial defect in a mouse model","volume":"235","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-022-00235-8","article-title":"Insights into skeletal stem cells","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"","journal-title":"Bone Res."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2200785","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202200785","article-title":"Inhibition of sympathetic activation by delivering calcium channel blockers from a 3D printed scaffold to promote bone defect repair","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"","journal-title":"Adv. Healthc. Mater"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1946","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01227-4","article-title":"Prrx1 marks stem cells for bone, white adipose tissue and dermis in adult mice","volume":"54","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3489","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2018.5813","article-title":"Semaphorin 3A promotes osteogenic differentiation in human alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2545214","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/2545214","article-title":"Semaphorin 3A shifts adipose mesenchymal stem cells towards osteogenic phenotype and promotes bone regeneration in vivo","volume":"2016","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1080\/03008207.2017.1317759","article-title":"Inhibition of osteogenesis surrounding the titanium implant by CGRP deficiency","volume":"59","author":"Liu","year":"","journal-title":"Connect. Tissue Res."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.111011","article-title":"SCAP knockout in SM22\u03b1-Cre mice induces defective angiogenesis in the placental labyrinth","volume":"133","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5137","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI128428","article-title":"Fracture repair requires TrkA signaling by skeletal sensory nerves","volume":"129","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.15274\/NRJ-2014-10052","article-title":"Innervation of the cerebral dura mater","volume":"27","author":"Lv","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroradiol. J."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10526","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10526","article-title":"Stem cells of the suture mesenchyme in craniofacial bone development, repair and regeneration","volume":"7","author":"Maruyama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabb4416","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abb4416","article-title":"BMPR1A maintains skeletal stem cell properties in craniofacial development and craniosynostosis","volume":"13","author":"Maruyama","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0030-x","article-title":"Adrenergic nerve degeneration in bone marrow drives aging of the hematopoietic stem cell niche","volume":"24","author":"Maryanovich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/s41368-023-00269-6","article-title":"Sema3A secreted by sensory nerve induces bone formation under mechanical loads","volume":"16","author":"Mei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Oral Sci."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09262","article-title":"Mesenchymal and haematopoietic stem cells form a unique bone marrow niche","volume":"466","author":"M\u00e9NDEZ-Ferrer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.107696","article-title":"A neurotrophic mechanism directs sensory nerve transit in cranial bone","volume":"31","author":"Meyers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-52029-z","article-title":"Calcitonin gene-related peptide regulates periodontal tissue regeneration","volume":"14","author":"Miki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3953","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17740-1","article-title":"Single-cell analysis uncovers fibroblast heterogeneity and criteria for fibroblast and mural cell identification and discrimination","volume":"11","author":"Muhl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3323","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-019-03125-1","article-title":"Biological functions of mesenchymal stem cells and clinical implications","volume":"76","author":"Naji","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-7234-3809-0.00006-1","article-title":"Chapter 6 - anatomy and pathophysiology of the temporomandibular joint","volume-title":"Functional occlusion in restorative dentistry and prosthodontics","author":"Palla","year":"2016"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.09.139","article-title":"Expression pattern of sonic hedgehog signaling and calcitonin gene-related peptide in the socket healing process after tooth extraction","volume":"467","author":"Pang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201490174","article-title":"Neuropeptide Y regulates the hematopoietic stem cell microenvironment and prevents nerve injury in the bone marrow","volume":"34","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Embo J."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2016.0211","article-title":"Sutures possess strong regenerative capacity for calvarial bone injury","volume":"25","author":"Park","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"dev202043","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.202043","article-title":"Sensory nerve regulates progenitor cells via FGF-SHH axis in tooth root morphogenesis","volume":"151","author":"Pei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-35977-4","article-title":"Sensory nerve niche regulates mesenchymal stem cell homeostasis via FGF\/mTOR\/autophagy axis","volume":"14","author":"Pei","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2022.04.005","article-title":"Nerve-stem cell crosstalk in skin regeneration and diseases","volume":"28","author":"Peng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00034.2013","article-title":"Calcitonin gene-related peptide: physiology and pathophysiology","volume":"94","author":"Russell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2017.03.008","article-title":"Gli1(+) mesenchymal stromal cells are a Key driver of bone marrow fibrosis and an important cellular therapeutic target","volume":"20","author":"Schneider","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2017.06.349","article-title":"Identity of Gli1(+) cells in the bone marrow","volume":"54","author":"Sena","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Hematol."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8297","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22158297","article-title":"A potential role of semaphorin 3A during orthodontic tooth movement","volume":"22","author":"\u015een","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2019.0148","article-title":"Vasoactive intestinal peptide stimulates bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells osteogenesis differentiation by activating wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling pathway and promotes rat skull defect repair","volume":"29","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2043","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02171-2","article-title":"Gli1 identifies osteogenic progenitors for bone formation and fracture repair","volume":"8","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12717","article-title":"Nerve growth factor: a neuroimmune crosstalk mediator for all seasons","volume":"151","author":"Skaper","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaas9536","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aas9536","article-title":"Spatiotemporal structure of cell fate decisions in murine neural crest","volume":"364","author":"Soldatov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-018-0447-7","article-title":"Part I: development and physiology of the temporomandibular joint","volume":"16","author":"Stocum","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Osteoporos. Rep."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2024.0036","article-title":"Key roles of Gli1 and ihh signaling in craniofacial development","volume":"33","author":"Sun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2097","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-27921-9","article-title":"Denervation during mandibular distraction osteogenesis results in impaired bone formation","volume":"13","author":"Tevlin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2018.07.018","article-title":"An innovative Mg\/Ti hybrid fixation system developed for fracture fixation and healing enhancement at load-bearing skeletal site","volume":"180","author":"Tian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00646","article-title":"The role of nerves in skeletal development, adaptation, and aging","volume":"11","author":"Tomlinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.08.002","article-title":"NGF-TrkA signaling by sensory nerves coordinates the vascularization and ossification of developing endochondral bone","volume":"16","author":"Tomlinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3125","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2124","article-title":"In vivo identification and induction of articular cartilage stem cells by inhibiting NF-\u03baB signaling in osteoarthritis","volume":"33","author":"Tong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2103087118","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2103087118","article-title":"Spatial transcriptomics reveals a role for sensory nerves in preserving cranial suture patency through modulation of BMP\/TGF-\u03b2 signaling","volume":"118","author":"Tower","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4839","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.43771","article-title":"The neural system regulates bone homeostasis via mesenchymal stem cells: a translational approach","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-020-2144-z","article-title":"Biological potential alterations of migratory chondrogenic progenitor cells during knee osteoarthritic progression","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. Ther."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109847","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2020.109847","article-title":"Dopamine suppresses osteoclast differentiation via cAMP\/PKA\/CREB pathway","volume":"78","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2009.04.203","article-title":"Substance P stimulates bone marrow stromal cell osteogenic activity, osteoclast differentiation, and resorption activity in vitro","volume":"45","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25474","article-title":"Inhibition of CGRP signaling impairs fracture healing in mice","volume":"41","author":"Wee","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Res."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-022-00687-x","article-title":"A novel lineage of osteoprogenitor cells with dual epithelial and mesenchymal properties govern maxillofacial bone homeostasis and regeneration after MSFL","volume":"32","author":"Weng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.03.002","article-title":"Postnatal calvarial skeletal stem cells expressing PRX1 reside exclusively in the calvarial sutures and are required for bone regeneration","volume":"8","author":"Wilk","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2016.09.007","article-title":"Norepinephrine inhibits mesenchymal stem cell chemotaxis migration by increasing stromal cell-derived factor-1 secretion by vascular endothelial cells via NE\/abrd3\/JNK pathway","volume":"349","author":"Wu","year":"","journal-title":"Exp. Cell Res."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1321151","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1321151","article-title":"The effects of semaphorin 3A in bone and cartilage metabolism: fundamental mechanism and clinical potential","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-016-9697-9","article-title":"Age-dependent impact of inferior alveolar nerve transection on mandibular bone metabolism and the underlying mechanisms","volume":"47","author":"Wu","year":"","journal-title":"J. Mol. Histol."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2021.5024","article-title":"Effect and mechanism of propranolol on promoting osteogenic differentiation and early implant osseointegration","volume":"48","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154808","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/1154808","article-title":"Identification of functional modules and Key pathways associated with innervation in graft bone-CGRP regulates the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via p38 MAPK and wnt6\/\u03b2-catenin","volume":"2023","author":"Wu","year":"","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1038\/s41413-023-00285-6","article-title":"Interoceptive regulation of skeletal tissue homeostasis and repair","volume":"11","author":"Xiao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bone Res."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15068","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1900038116","article-title":"Schwann cell precursors contribute to skeletal formation during embryonic development in mice and zebrafish","volume":"116","author":"Xie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabl5716","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abl5716","article-title":"NGF-p75 signaling coordinates skeletal cell migration during bone repair","volume":"8","author":"Xu","year":"","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"976736","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.976736","article-title":"Interaction between the nervous and skeletal systems","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.120984","article-title":"Biodegradable magnesium combined with distraction osteogenesis synergistically stimulates bone tissue regeneration via CGRP-FAK-VEGF signaling axis","volume":"275","author":"Ye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-018-0325-8","article-title":"Manufacturing of primed mesenchymal stromal cells for therapy","volume":"3","author":"Yin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13342","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13342","article-title":"Regulatory role of human fibrocartilage stem cells in condyle osteochondroma","volume":"56","author":"Yin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Prolif."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345211013722","article-title":"Alveolar bone marrow Gli1+ stem cells support implant osseointegration","volume":"101","author":"Yi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.11.037","article-title":"Cranial suture regeneration mitigates skull and neurocognitive defects in craniosynostosis","volume":"184","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.14670\/HH-18-102","article-title":"Calcitonin gene related peptide gene-modified rat bone mesenchymal stem cells are effective seed cells in tissue engineering to repair skull defects","volume":"34","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Histol. Histopathol."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2014.07.002","article-title":"Local injection of substance P increases bony formation during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rats","volume":"52","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034520932834","article-title":"LepR-expressing stem cells are essential for alveolar bone regeneration","volume":"99","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/joa.13858","article-title":"Identification of distinct subpopulations of Gli1-lineage cells in the mouse mandible","volume":"243","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"J. Anat."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-020-01630-x","article-title":"SM22\u03b1(+) vascular mural cells are essential for vessel stability in tumors and undergo phenotype transition regulated by Notch signaling","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12996","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-31414-5","article-title":"Systemic injection of substance P promotes murine calvarial repair through mobilizing endogenous mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4162","article-title":"Implant-derived magnesium induces local neuronal production of CGRP to improve bone-fracture healing in rats","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2206155","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202206155","article-title":"Engineered sensory nerve guides self-adaptive bone healing via NGF-TrkA signaling pathway","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Adv. Sci. (Weinh)"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034515603972","article-title":"Stem cells in teeth and craniofacial bones","volume":"94","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3139","article-title":"The suture provides a niche for mesenchymal stem cells of craniofacial bones","volume":"17","author":"Zhao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.12.013","article-title":"Secretion of shh by a neurovascular bundle niche supports mesenchymal stem cell homeostasis in the adult mouse incisor","volume":"14","author":"Zhao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.257540","article-title":"TrkA regulates the regenerative capacity of bone marrow stromal stem cells in nerve grafts","volume":"14","author":"Zheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2016.06.015","article-title":"Overexpression of tropomyosin receptor kinase A improves the survival and Schwann-like cell differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells in nerve grafts for bridging rat sciatic nerve defects","volume":"18","author":"Zheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2014.06.008","article-title":"Leptin-receptor-expressing mesenchymal stromal cells represent the main source of bone formed by adult bone marrow","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.110750","article-title":"SM22\u03b1-lineage niche cells regulate intramembranous bone regeneration via PDGFR\u03b2-triggered hydrogen sulfide production","volume":"39","author":"Zhou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Rep."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Physiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2024.1423539\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T09:31:54Z","timestamp":1722245514000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2024.1423539\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]]},"references-count":121,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphys.2024.1423539"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2024.1423539","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-042X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-042X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]]},"article-number":"1423539"}}