{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T17:15:42Z","timestamp":1791566142999,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regular training is associated with better postural alignment, decreased risk of musculoskeletal problems, and improved overall physical function. The aim of this study was to examine the changes in the spinal postures of individuals who regularly engage in fitness and bodybuilding training.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 252 male individuals between the ages of 20\u201328 (mean age: 23.71 \u00b1 1.81 years), who either engage in fitness and bodybuilding training (athletes) (n = 125; age 23.61 \u00b1 1.78 years; sports age 5 \u00b1 0.89 years) and those who do not engage in sports (sedentary) (n = 127; age 23.82 \u00b1 1.83 years) participated in the study. A spinal Mouse device was used in the measurements. In spine measurement, all spinal protrusions from C7 to S1 were evaluated. T-test and correlation tests were used to analyze the data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A statistically significant difference was detected between the athlete and sedentary groups regarding the degrees of thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and sacral kyphosis (p &amp;lt; 0.05). However, no difference was observed in the upright posture (p &amp;gt; 0.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>It was found that there were significant differences in some spinal curves of fitness and bodybuilding trainees compared to sedentary, but the values were within physiological limits and did not indicate negative effects. The study may provide new insights into the effects of fitness and bodybuilding training on spine health, and individuals can incorporate training with proper form and technique into their lifestyle for spinal health.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2025.1559150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T11:49:37Z","timestamp":1741175377000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The effects of regular training on spinal posture: a fitness and bodybuilding perspective"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Bing\u00f6l","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eaban","family":"\u00dcnver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakk\u0131","family":"Mor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunus","family":"Berk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T\u00fclay","family":"Ceylan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deniz","family":"G\u00fcnay Dereba\u015f\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya\u011fmur Naz","family":"Ayd\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T\u00fclin","family":"Akman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamza","family":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Levent","family":"Ceylan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1347403","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2024.1347403","article-title":"The effect of 10 weeks of karate training on the development of motor skills in children who are new to karate","volume":"15","author":"Arslan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9134","DOI":"10.3390\/app14199134","article-title":"An effective method of aerobic capacity development: combined training with maximal aerobic speed and small-sided games for amateur football players","volume":"14","author":"Arslanoglu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2018.08.011","article-title":"Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: an updated review of reviews and an analysis of causality","volume":"42","author":"Biddle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychol. Sport Exerc."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8229","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.8229","article-title":"Sagittal spinal morphotype assessment in 8 to 15 years old Inline Hockey players","volume":"8","author":"de Baranda","year":"2020","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-017-0793-0","article-title":"Volume for muscle hypertrophy and health outcomes: the most effective variable in resistance training","volume":"48","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sports Med."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1038762","article-title":"Climber\u2019s back \u2013 form and mobility of the thoracolumbar spine leading to postural adaptations in male high ability rock climbers","volume":"30","author":"F\u00f6rster","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0216180","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216180","article-title":"Effects of exercise programs on kyphosis and lordosis angle: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Gonzalez-Galvez","year":"2019","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3109\/02841859009177473","article-title":"Radiologic abnormalities of the thoraco-lumbar spine in athletes","volume":"31","author":"Hellstr\u00f6m","year":"1990","journal-title":"Acta Radiol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e14520","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.14520","article-title":"Influence of long-term participation in amateur sports on physical posture of teenagers","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.26603\/001c.124998","article-title":"The quality of functional movements and the back squat in amateur and professional bodybuilders","volume":"19","author":"Iljinait\u0117","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Sports Phys. Ther."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11040892","article-title":"Specific collagen peptides in combination with resistance training improve body composition and regional muscle strength in premenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Jendricke","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.5604\/17342260.1110314","article-title":"The characteristic body posture of people practicing rock climbing","volume":"18","author":"Kielt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Med. Sport."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.22514\/jomh.2024.027","article-title":"Effects of acute and chronic high-intensity interval training on serum irisin, BDNF and apelin levels in male soccer referees","volume":"20","author":"Kucuk","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Men's Health"},{"key":"B17","first-page":"135","article-title":"The effects of handball training on the some respiration and circulatory parameters of school boys aged 10-13 years","volume":"8","author":"K\u00fcrk\u00e7\u00fc","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hum. Sci."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.math.2010.03.009","article-title":"Relationships between sagittal postures of thoracic and cervical spine, presence of neck pain, neck pain severity and disability","volume":"15","author":"Lau","year":"2010","journal-title":"Man. Ther."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.2478\/v10197-011-0009-3","article-title":"The shape of anterior-posterior curvatures of the spine in athletes practising selected sports","volume":"18","author":"Lichota","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pol. J. Sport Tour."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.2478\/v10078-011-0038-5","article-title":"Sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt in elite young kayakers","volume":"63","author":"L\u00f3pez-Mi\u00f1arro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med. Sport"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.54097\/tmp1z660","article-title":"Construction of an adolescent spinal health intelligent early warning and intervention system under the proactive health model","volume":"12","author":"Miao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acad. J. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.12.002","article-title":"Highly branched cyclic dextrin supplementation and resistance training: a randomized double-blinded crossover trial examining mechanical, metabolic, and perceptual responses","volume":"65","author":"Morenas-Aguilar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN"},{"key":"B24","first-page":"355","article-title":"Spinal posture of thoracic and lumbar spine and pelvic tilt in highly trained cyclists","volume":"10","author":"Muyor","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci. & Med."},{"key":"B25","first-page":"588","article-title":"Sagittal spinal morphology in highly trained adolescent tennis players","volume":"12","author":"Muyor","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Sports Sci. Med."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181b3dd9e","article-title":"Functional balance training in collegiate women athletes","volume":"23","author":"Oliver","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Strength & Cond. Res."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198902000-00009","article-title":"Physical activity and the strength of the lumbar spine","volume":"14","author":"Porter","year":"1989","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01654642","article-title":"Automatic quantification of vertebral cancellous bone remodeling during aging","volume":"7","author":"Pr\u00eateux","year":"1985","journal-title":"Anat. Clin."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2006.033639","article-title":"Comparison of thoracic kyphosis in two groups of elite Greco-Roman and freestyle wrestlers and a group of non-athletic participants","volume":"42","author":"Rajabi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.23736\/S0022-4707.17.06880-3","article-title":"Training intensity and sagittal curvature of the spine in male and female artistic gymnasts","volume":"58","author":"Sanz-Mengibar","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Sports Med. Phys. Fit."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2857","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181e840f3","article-title":"The mechanisms of muscle hypertrophy and their application to resistance training","volume":"24","author":"Schoenfeld","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Strength & Cond. Res."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"afae278","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afae278","article-title":"Non-pharmacological treatment strategies for anthropometric, physical capacity and physiological indicators among sarcopenic obesity patients: a systematic review of rigorous randomized controlled trials","volume":"53","author":"Tian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18093","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.18093","article-title":"Effect of acute anaerobic performance on zinc alpha 2 glycoprotein, apelin and lipasin levels","volume":"12","author":"\u00dcnver","year":"2024","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2024-0159","article-title":"Impact of beta-alanine, caffeine, and their combination on intraocular pressure and ocular perfusion pressure at rest and after resistance training","volume":"1","author":"Vera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metabolism"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465000280040801","article-title":"The association between athletic training time and the sagittal curvature of the immature spine","volume":"28","author":"Wojtys","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Physiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2025.1559150\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T11:56:58Z","timestamp":1741780618000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2025.1559150\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphys.2025.1559150"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2025.1559150","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-042X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-042X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"article-number":"1559150"}}