{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T19:50:14Z","timestamp":1793303414961,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lower back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. This study evaluates the pain relief and functional benefits of exercise interventions for affected individuals to inform clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched nine electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined exercise interventions for LBP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 35 RCTs (n = 2,132). Exercise interventions were categorized into eight types: Pilates, yoga, core training, tai chi, walking, stretching, cycling, and deep-water running. Compared to usual care or other types of pain management interventions, exercise interventions demonstrated a significant overall difference in reducing pain (SMD = \u22120.81, 95% CI \u22120.91, \u22120.72; 17.31, P &amp;lt; 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that tai chi (SMD = \u22120.95), walking (MD = \u22121.05), and Pilates (MD = \u22121.14) exhibited the most significant analgesic effects. Regarding functional disability improvement, assessment using the Oswestry Disability Index showed significant efficacy for walking (MD = \u22126.34, P &amp;lt; 0.001), Pilates (MD = \u22124.73, P &amp;lt; 0.0001), and yoga (MD = \u22123.41, P = 0.002). However, assessment using the Roland\u2013Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) indicated that only Pilates resulted in significant improvement (MD = \u22122.34, P &amp;lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pilates, yoga, and walking reduce pain and improve function in non-specific LBP. Tai chi and core-stability training also achieve significant analgesia. The evidence for stretching and cycling remains inconclusive.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD420251047326<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier CRD420251047326.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2025.1694330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T06:45:07Z","timestamp":1767681907000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of different exercise interventions on lower back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xingchi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbo","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peirun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiawang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuli","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanqiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.5114\/pq.2023.117448","article-title":"Effect of retro-walking on pain, functional disability, quality of life and sleep problems in patients with chronic low back pain","volume":"31","author":"Ahmad","year":"2023","journal-title":"Physiother. 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