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Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the efficacy of different HIIT types (e.g., running vs. cycling) on weight, BMI, and body fat percentage (BF%) in individuals with obesity, while determining how duration and intensity moderate these effects for tailored prescription.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Following PRISMA protocols, we searched databases such as Embase and Cochrane through August 2025. Eligible Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) compared HIIT against controls or moderate-intensity training. Data extraction and bias assessment (Cochrane tool) were conducted in duplicate. We synthesized data using Stata and RevMan software to determine Mean Differences (MD) and heterogeneity (\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fourteen studies met inclusion criteria. Pooled analysis showed HIIT significantly lowered BMI and BF% but not overall weight. Running-based interventions showed a trend toward greater improvements compared to cycling. Subgroup data suggested that short-term (3\u20135 weeks), frequent training (&amp;gt; 3x\/week) at 80%-89% HRpeak (Zone 4) may favor BMI reduction. In contrast, BF% loss appeared most pronounced with longer protocols (&amp;gt; 12 weeks) at \u226590% HRpeak (Zone 5) performed thrice weekly, especially in men aged 30-60. However, due to small sample sizes and heterogeneity, these potentially optimal parameters should be interpreted with caution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Running-based HIIT effectively improves body composition. Specific parameter configurations (e.g., Z4 for BMI reduction, Z5 for fat loss) demonstrate preliminary positive trends that support the future development of goal-specific exercise guidelines, though current evidence is insufficient to establish an absolute \u2018optimal\u2019 prescription.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier CRD420251163797.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2026.1791740","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T04:44:06Z","timestamp":1780029846000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The independent effects of isolated high-intensity interval training modalities on body composition and adiposity indices in overweight or obese adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Jingyou","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University","place":["Fuzhou, Fujian, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University","place":["Fuzhou, Fujian, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongliang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University","place":["Fuzhou, Fujian, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huangkun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University","place":["Fuzhou, Fujian, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University","place":["Fuzhou, Fujian, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesf.2023.08.003","article-title":"Effects of low-versus high-volume high-intensity interval training on glycemic control and quality of life in obese women with type 2 diabetes. 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