{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:01:23Z","timestamp":1792440083238,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":181,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Skin wounds, encompassing acute injuries and chronic refractory ulcers, impose substantial physical and economic burdens globally. While animal models are indispensable for dissecting wound healing pathophysiology and testing therapeutic interventions, the discordance between preclinical findings and clinical outcomes remains a critical challenge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      To provide a standardized reference for model selection, we conducted a systematic review in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. We comprehensively searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies published between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2025. Inclusion criteria focused on\n                      <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      cutaneous wound models in mice, rats, and rabbits that reported quantitative outcomes (e.g., closure kinetics, histology, molecular markers). Studies lacking separate control groups or sufficient methodological detail were excluded. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using SYRCLE\u2019s risk of bias tool.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 129 studies met the inclusion criteria and were synthesized. We systematically categorized and evaluated mainstream models: (1) Acute wounds: Rodent incisional\/excisional models facilitate high-throughput screening but are limited by contraction-dominant healing, whereas rabbit ear models better approximate human re-epithelialization. (2) Chronic wounds: Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic models in mice and rats predominate but often lack the macrovascular complications of human ulcers, necessitating novel composite models incorporating ischemia and biofilm infection. (3) Pathological scarring: Tension-induced models (e.g., suture anchoring, mechanical stretching) are identified as critical for studying mechanotransduction pathways (e.g., YAP\/TAZ) absent in traditional unstressed models. Furthermore, our review identifies a pervasive male bias in study design. We highlight that sex steroids critically modulate inflammation and angiogenesis\u2014with estrogen typically promoting and androgens delaying repair\u2014necessitating the inclusion of both sexes or specific hormone-depleted models (e.g., ovariectomized females) to improve clinical predictive value.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No single animal model perfectly recapitulates human cutaneous repair. Based on the synthesis of 129 studies, we propose a hierarchical translational framework: utilizing genetically tractable mice for mechanistic discovery, rats for longitudinal pharmacological screening, and rabbits or porcine models for the validation of scar quality and epithelial closure prior to clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2026.1800001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T04:21:02Z","timestamp":1776313262000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Establishment and translational evaluation of animal models for skin wound healing: a systematic review"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]},{"name":"National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Joint Engineering Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Immunologic Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]},{"name":"National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Joint Engineering Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Immunologic Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]},{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]},{"name":"National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Joint Engineering Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Immunologic Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinxuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]},{"name":"National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Joint Engineering Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Immunologic Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]},{"name":"National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Joint Engineering Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Immunologic Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]},{"name":"National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Joint Engineering Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Immunologic Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinghua","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]},{"name":"National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Joint Engineering Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Immunologic Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]},{"name":"National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Immunodermatology, National Joint Engineering Research Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Immunologic Skin Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University","place":["Shenyang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-014-1612-5","article-title":"Animal models in burn research","volume":"71","author":"Abdullahi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life. sciences: CMLS"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26010228","article-title":"Evaluation of wound-healing and antioxidant effects of Marantodes pumilum (Blume) Kuntze in an excision wound model","volume":"26","author":"Ahmad","year":"2021","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B3","article-title":"Physiology, granulation tissue","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Alhajj","year":"2024"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e24473","article-title":"Superior rat wound-healing activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles from acetonitrile extract of juglans regia L: pellicle and leaves","volume":"10","author":"Al-Nadaf","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2017.06.166","article-title":"Skin changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats","volume":"490","author":"Andrade","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11216417","article-title":"Histopathological evaluation of the healing process of standardized skin burns in rabbits: assessment of a natural product with honey and essential oils","volume":"11","author":"Anis","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmra1615439","article-title":"Diabetic foot ulcers and their recurrence","volume":"376","author":"Armstrong","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.70795","article-title":"Diabetic foot ulcers: a review","volume":"330","author":"Armstrong","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.12.001","article-title":"Short-term sustained hyperglycaemia fosters an archetypal senescence-associated secretory phenotype in endothelial cells and macrophages","volume":"15","year":"2018","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2021.05.007","article-title":"Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous extract of scutellaria barbata and coating on the cotton fabric for antimicrobial applications and wound healing activity in fibroblast cells (L929)","volume":"28","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2016.05.008","article-title":"Immune-competent human skin disease models","volume":"21","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Discov. Today"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1517\/17460441.2013.761202","article-title":"Animal models of skin disease for drug discovery","volume":"8","author":"Avci","year":"2013","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Discov."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2019.109613","article-title":"Accelerated wound healing in diabetic mice by miRNA-497 and its anti-inflammatory activity","volume":"121","author":"Ban","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomedicine Pharmacother"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2018.06.016","article-title":"Inclusion of females does not increase variability in rodent research studies","volume":"23","author":"Beery","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2020.1165","article-title":"MicroRNA-146a deficiency delays wound healing in normal and diabetic mice","volume":"11","author":"Bi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113763","article-title":"Antibacterial activity and wound healing potential of Cycas thouarsii R.Br n-butanol fraction in diabetic rats supported with phytochemical profiling","volume":"155","author":"Binsuwaidan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicine Pharmacother"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734609337151","article-title":"Altered molecular mechanisms of diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"8","author":"Blakytny","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Lower Extremity Wounds"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(95)01441-1","article-title":"Characterization of a rat model of incisional pain","volume":"64","author":"Brennan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092385","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps kill bacteria","volume":"303","author":"Brinkmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci. (New York N.Y.)"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57101072","article-title":"Diabetic wound-healing science","volume":"57","author":"Burgess","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S67","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjz036","article-title":"The surgical suture","volume":"39","author":"Byrne","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aesthetic Surg. J."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2959","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.12.2959","article-title":"Activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 sustains angiogenesis and Bcl-2 expression via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway in endothelial cells","volume":"52","author":"Cai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2014.41.4.317","article-title":"Creation of consistent burn wounds: a rat model","volume":"41","author":"Cai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arch. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2019.04.043","article-title":"Peripheral artery disease: past, present, and future","volume":"132","author":"Campia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox7080098","article-title":"Targeting oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in the treatment of impaired wound healing: a systematic review","volume":"7","author":"Cano Sanchez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2742","article-title":"Disturbed hypoxic responses as a pathogenic mechanism of diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"32","author":"Catrina","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes\/Metabolism Res. Rev."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba4311","article-title":"Dissolved oxygen from microalgae-gel patch promotes chronic wound healing in diabetes","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2017.0734","article-title":"Toll-like receptor function in acute wounds","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-023-01900-w","article-title":"CXCL5 suppression recovers neovascularization and accelerates wound healing in diabetes mellitus","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.05.020","article-title":"Celastrol attenuates incision-induced inflammation and pain associated with inhibition of the NF-\u03baB signalling pathway via SARM","volume":"205","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0275748","article-title":"Negative air ions through the action of antioxidation, anti-inflammation, anti-apoptosis and angiogenesis ameliorate lipopolysaccharide induced acute lung injury and promote diabetic wound healing in rat","volume":"17","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12030390","article-title":"Long-lasting exendin-4-loaded PLGA nanoparticles ameliorate cerebral ischemia\/reperfusion damage in diabetic rats","volume":"12","author":"Chung","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Personalized Med."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/60653","article-title":"Assessment of acute wound healing using the dorsal subcutaneous polyvinyl alcohol sponge implantation and excisional tail skin wound models","volume":"157","author":"Crane","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Visualized Experiments: JoVE"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.117470","article-title":"Molecular biological mechanisms of radiotherapy-induced skin injury occurrence and treatment","volume":"180","author":"Cui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicine Pharmacother = Biomedecine Pharmacotherapie"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.2.4.16840","article-title":"Animal models of external traumatic wound infections","volume":"2","author":"Dai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.2147\/ccid.s50046","article-title":"Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts in wound healing","volume":"7","author":"Darby","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Cosmetic Investigational Dermatol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.06.001","article-title":"Monocyte and macrophage plasticity in tissue repair and regeneration","volume":"185","author":"Das","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2011.01.001","article-title":"Macrophages in skin injury and repair","volume":"216","author":"Delavary","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8852759","article-title":"The role of oxidative stress and antioxidants in diabetic wound healing","volume":"2021","author":"Deng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longevity"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.2741\/1184","article-title":"Wound healing: an overview of acute, fibrotic and delayed healing","volume":"9","author":"Diegelmann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Front. Bioscience: A J. Virtual Library"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.15142","article-title":"Simvastatin cream alleviates dermal fibrosis in a rabbit ear hypertrophic scar model","volume":"22","author":"Dolivo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Cosmetic Dermatol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s12950-018-0201-z","article-title":"Cannabinoid 2 receptor attenuates inflammation during skin wound healing by inhibiting M1 macrophages rather than activating M2 macrophages","volume":"15","author":"Du","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Inflammation (London England)"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/50265-v","article-title":"Murine model of wound healing","volume":"75","author":"Dunn","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Visualized Experiments: JoVE"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0230374","article-title":"Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 infected with Epstein-Barr virus","volume":"15","author":"Dworza\u0144ski","year":"2020","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1007\/s13671-018-0234-9","article-title":"Immunology of wound healing","volume":"7","author":"Ellis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Dermatol. Rep."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2023.1036125","article-title":"Nanoscale borosilicate bioactive glass for regenerative therapy of full-thickness skin defects in rabbit animal model","volume":"11","author":"Elshazly","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng Biotechnol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13569","article-title":"Update on management of diabetic foot ulcers","volume":"1411","author":"Everett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y Acad. Sci."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1633-3010","article-title":"Improvement of chronic wound healing by pre-activated bone marrow cells with sodium nitroprusside in rabbits","volume":"72","author":"Fatima","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drug Res."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21769\/bioprotoc.4606","article-title":"Protocol for the splinted, human-like excisional wound model in mice","volume":"13","author":"Fischer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bio-Protocol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2019.06.143","article-title":"LRG1 promotes keratinocyte migration and wound repair through regulation of HIF-1\u03b1 stability","volume":"140","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Invest Dermatol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2011.0359","article-title":"Molecular wound assessments: matrix metalloproteinases","volume":"2","author":"Gibson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2009.12.015","article-title":"Sex steroids as inflammatory regulators","volume":"120","author":"Gilliver","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1093\/jbcr\/irab167","article-title":"Nonpharmacologic management of procedural pain in pediatric burn patients: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials","volume":"43","author":"Gillum","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Burn Care Res."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315371382-11","article-title":"Advanced glycation end products: key players in skin aging","volume":"4","author":"Gkogkolou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dermato-endocrinology"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12275","article-title":"Topical administration of a connexin43-based peptide augments healing of chronic neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers: a multicenter, randomized trial","volume":"23","author":"Grek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regeneration"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009283","article-title":"Health economic burden that wounds impose on the national health service in the UK","volume":"5","author":"Guest","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034509359125","article-title":"Factors affecting wound healing","volume":"89","author":"Guo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dent Res."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-018-1045-5","article-title":"Negative pressure wound therapy reduces the motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and enhances wound healing in a rabbit ear biofilm infection model","volume":"111","author":"Guoqi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antonie van Leeuwenhoek"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07039","article-title":"Wound repair and regeneration","volume":"453","author":"Gurtner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9004014","article-title":"Beta-caryophyllene as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and re-epithelialization activities in a rat skin wound excision model","volume":"2022","author":"Gushiken","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell. Longevity"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2024.07.030","article-title":"Exploring the underlying mechanism by transcriptome sequencing in rats with high-voltage electrical burns and the role of iron metabolism","volume":"50","author":"Hao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Burns: J. Int. Soc. For. Burn Injuries"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-023-02364-x","article-title":"Insufficient SIRT1 in macrophages promotes oxidative stress and inflammation during scarring","volume":"101","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/gox.0000000000002927","article-title":"Fibroblast heterogeneity in and its implications for plastic and reconstructive surgery: a basic science review","volume":"8","author":"He desJardins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstructive Surg Global Open"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2995.2005.00242.x","article-title":"Comparative study of three intramuscular anaesthetic combinations (medetomidine\/ketamine, medetomidine\/fentanyl\/midazolam and xylazine\/ketamine) in rabbits","volume":"32","author":"Henke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet. Anaesth. Analg"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-43","article-title":"SYRCLE\u2019s risk of bias tool for animal studies","volume":"14","author":"Hooijmans","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18112325","article-title":"Estrogen effects on wound healing","volume":"18","author":"Horng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s11373-004-8177-5","article-title":"Cyclooxygenase-2 increases hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor to promote angiogenesis in gastric carcinoma","volume":"12","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2016.03.005","article-title":"Thermoneutrality, mice, and cancer: a heated opinion","volume":"2","author":"Hylander","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2019.03.006","article-title":"Strain- and species-level variation in the microbiome of diabetic wounds is associated with clinical outcomes and therapeutic efficacy","volume":"25","author":"Kalan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell. Host Microbe"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6190230","article-title":"Basement membrane collagen: Degradation by migrating endothelial cells","volume":"221","author":"Kalebic","year":"1983","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B71","first-page":"44","article-title":"Burn wound healing with injection of adipose-derived stem cells: a mouse model study","volume":"27","author":"Karimi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. Burns Fire Disasters"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1732467","article-title":"The role of fibrin(ogen) in wound healing and infection control","volume":"48","author":"Kearney","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin. Thromb. Hemostasis"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s11011-020-00551-0","article-title":"Curcumin attenuates cytoplasmic\/endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis and cholinergic dysfunction in diabetic rat hippocampus","volume":"35","author":"Keshk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metab. Brain Dis."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1111\/exd.13466","article-title":"Impaired permeability and antimicrobial barriers in type 2 diabetes skin are linked to increased serum levels of advanced glycation end\u2010product","volume":"27","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.90","article-title":"Sex differences in immune responses","volume":"16","author":"Klein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.161","article-title":"Animal models of obesity and diabetes mellitus","volume":"14","author":"Kleinert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Endocrinol."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3399","article-title":"Neutrophil recruitment and function in health and inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Kolaczkowska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59091676","article-title":"Simultaneous administration of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and antioxidant supplementation with Filipendula ulmaria extract in the treatment of thermal skin injuries alters nociceptive signalling and wound healing","volume":"59","author":"Krstic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00419","article-title":"The role of macrophages in acute and chronic wound healing and interventions to promote pro-wound healing phenotypes","volume":"9","author":"Krzyszczyk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/9709365","article-title":"Wound healing properties and antimicrobial effects of Parkia clappertoniana Keay fruit husk extract in a rat excisional wound model","volume":"2022","author":"Kuma","year":"2022","journal-title":"BioMed. Res. Int."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.2147\/jep.s308303","article-title":"Evaluation of wound healing activity of methanolic crude extract and solvent fractions of the leaves of Vernonia auriculifera Hiern (Asteraceae) in mice","volume":"13","author":"Lambebo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2017.0761","article-title":"Immune regulation of skin wound healing: mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets","volume":"7","author":"Larouche","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1002\/vms3.753","article-title":"Effects of sub\u2010acute co\u2010exposure to WIFI (2.45 GHz) and pistacia lentiscus oil treatment on wound healing by primary intention in male rabbits","volume":"8","author":"Latrach","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.02.011","article-title":"Substance P promotes wound healing in diabetes by modulating inflammation and macrophage phenotype","volume":"185","author":"Leal","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2006.09.007","article-title":"Pathophysiology of acute wound healing","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clinics Dermatol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.4103\/pm.pm_211_16","article-title":"Wound-healing activity of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim seed oil on experimentally burned rats","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pharmacogn Mag"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9028","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202750","article-title":"Effect of bovine bone collagen oligopeptides on wound healing in mice","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7113-8_12","article-title":"Isolation and culture of adipose-derived stromal cells from subcutaneous fat","volume":"1627","author":"Liew","year":"2017","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-017-0275-z","article-title":"Cutaneous manifestations of diabetes mellitus: A review","volume":"18","author":"Lima","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Dermatol."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0802397","article-title":"Essential involvement of IL-6 in the skin wound-healing process as evidenced by delayed wound healing in IL-6-deficient mice","volume":"73","author":"Lin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Leukocyte Biol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1097\/bcr.0000000000000209","article-title":"Successful eradication of multidrug resistant acinetobacter in the helsinki burn centre","volume":"36","author":"Lindford","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Burn Care Research: Off. Publ. Am. Burn Assoc."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.12623","article-title":"Wound management for the 21st century: combining effectiveness and efficiency","volume":"13","author":"Lindholm","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Wound J."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3280","article-title":"Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of foot infection in persons with diabetes (IWGDF 2019 update)","author":"Lipsky","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes\/Metabolism Res. Rev."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1007\/s00403-025-04120-2","article-title":"Cepharantine prevents hypertrophic scarring by regulating the TGF-\u03b2\/SMAD pathway","volume":"317","author":"Liu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol. Res."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.70789","article-title":"Compact arterial monitoring device use in resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA): a simple validation study in swine","volume":"16","author":"Lussier","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1344755","article-title":"Role of hippo pathway and cuproptosis-related genes in immune infiltration and prognosis of skin cutaneous melanoma","volume":"15","author":"Lv","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5309.75","article-title":"Wound healing--aiming for perfect skin regeneration","volume":"276","author":"Martin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Sci. (New York N.Y.)"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2005.09.002","article-title":"Inflammatory cells during wound repair: the\u00a0good, the bad and the ugly","volume":"15","author":"Martin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Trends Cell Biol."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba2374","article-title":"Preventing engrailed-1 activation in fibroblasts yields wound regeneration without scarring","volume":"372","author":"Mascharak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700453","article-title":"Of mice, dirty mice, and men: using mice to understand human immunology","volume":"199","author":"Masopust","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/iep.12346","article-title":"Experimental models and methods for cutaneous wound healing assessment","volume":"101","author":"Masson\u2010Meyers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Exp. Path."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11010028","article-title":"Ethnopharmacological survey and comparative study of the healing activity of Moroccan thyme honey and its mixture with selected essential oils on two types of wounds on albino rabbits","volume":"11","author":"Mekkaoui","year":"2021","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1590\/s0102-86502011000200010","article-title":"Effect of low level laser on sutured wound healing in rats","volume":"26","author":"Melo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Cir\u00fargica Bras."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2023.05.013","article-title":"Serum amyloid P attenuates hypertrophic scarring in large animal models","volume":"290","author":"Menchaca","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11112257","article-title":"Microcurrent and gold nanoparticles combined with hyaluronic acid accelerates wound healing","volume":"11","author":"Mendes","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.711094","article-title":"A systematic review comparing animal and human scarring models","volume":"9","author":"Mistry","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Surg."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256504","article-title":"Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound decreases major amputation in patients with critical limb ischemia: 5-year follow-up study","volume":"16","author":"Mohamad Yusoff","year":"2021","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1097\/hp.0000000000001947","article-title":"Characterization of cutaneous radiation syndrome in a mouse model using\u00a0[18 F]F- fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography","volume":"129","author":"Mujahid","year":"2025","journal-title":"Health Phys."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7113-8_6","article-title":"Hypertrophic scarring in the rabbit ear: a practical model for studying dermal fibrosis","volume":"1627","author":"Nabai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol. (Clifton N.J.)"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7113-8_6","article-title":"Hypertrophic scarring in the rabbit ear: a practical model for studying dermal fibrosis","volume-title":"Fibrosis: Methods and Protocols","author":"Nabai","year":"2017"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.30466\/vrf.2018.92422.2235","article-title":"Use of ovine acellular peritoneal matrix combined with honey and ovine fetal skin extract in the healing of full-thickness infected burn wounds in a rat model","volume":"11","author":"Nikahval","year":"2020","journal-title":"Veterinary Res. Forum"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.39284","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus and cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Nor","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502139","article-title":"Cutting edge: regulatory T cells facilitate cutaneous wound healing","volume":"196","author":"Nosbaum","year":"2016","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Immunol."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-019-1212-2","article-title":"Skin tissue engineering: wound healing based on stem-cell-based therapeutic strategies","volume":"10","author":"Nourian Dehkordi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell. Res. Ther."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.016782","article-title":"Clinical challenges of chronic wounds: searching for an optimal animal model to recapitulate their complexity","volume":"7","author":"Nunan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dis. Models Mech."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2588","DOI":"10.2337\/db12-1822","article-title":"Topical administration of allogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells seeded in a collagen scaffold augments wound healing and increases angiogenesis in the diabetic rabbit ulcer","volume":"62","author":"O\u2019Loughlin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/scrt388","article-title":"Autologous circulating angiogenic cells treated with osteopontin and delivered via a collagen scaffold enhance wound healing in the alloxan-induced diabetic rabbit ear ulcer model","volume":"4","author":"O\u2019Loughlin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stem Cell. Res. Ther."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-003-0005-1","article-title":"Update on the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy","volume":"3","author":"Obrosova","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Diabetes Rep."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1111\/wrr.12272","article-title":"Importance of defining experimental conditions in a mouse excisional wound model","volume":"23","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regener"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2011.01364.x","article-title":"A long-standing hyperglycaemic condition impairs skin barrier by accelerating skin ageing process: a long-standing hyperglycaemic condition impairs skin barrier","volume":"20","author":"Park","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/msm.934475","article-title":"Editorial: review articles, systematic reviews, meta-analysis, and the updated preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines","volume":"27","author":"Parums","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monitor"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.1172\/jci124616","article-title":"More friend than foe: the emerging role of neutrophils in tissue repair","volume":"129","author":"Peiseler","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3617","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjos-2020-100115","article-title":"The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0: updated guidelines for reporting animal research","volume":"177","author":"Percie du Sert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109182","article-title":"Higher rates of all-cause mortality and resource utilization during episodes-of-care for diabetic foot ulceration","volume":"184","author":"Petersen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.22498","article-title":"Comparative study of wound healing in rat skin following incision with a novel picosecond infrared laser (PIRL) and different surgical modalities","volume":"48","author":"Petersen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lasers Surg. Med."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2009.09.012","article-title":"Gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neuropeptides in diabetic wound healing","volume":"167","author":"Pradhan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2012.11.095","article-title":"Expression of neuropeptides and cytokines in a rabbit model of diabetic neuroischemic wound healing","volume":"58","author":"Pradhan Nabzdyk","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg."},{"key":"B128","first-page":"43","article-title":"Altered expression of keratins during abnormal wound healing in human skin","volume":"104","author":"Prathiba","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cytobios"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-475x.2010.00598.x","article-title":"Improvement of hypertrophic scarring by using topical anti-fibrogenic\/anti-inflammatory factors in a rabbit ear model","volume":"18","author":"Rahmani-Neishaboor","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regener"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11050700","article-title":"Immunology of acute and chronic wound healing","volume":"11","author":"Raziyeva","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3791\/61616-v","article-title":"Murine excisional wound healing model and histological morphometric wound analysis","volume":"162","author":"Rhea","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Visualized Experiments: JoVE"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00067.2017","article-title":"Wound healing: a cellular perspective","volume":"99","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1159","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2008.34254.x","article-title":"The role of oxygen in wound healing: a review of the literature","volume":"34","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dermatologic Surg."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.09.016","article-title":"Wild mouse gut microbiota promotes host fitness and improves disease resistance","volume":"171","author":"Rosshart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2018.06.019","article-title":"Re-epithelialization of adult skin wounds: Cellular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies","volume":"146","author":"Rousselle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Drug Delivery Rev."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2014.0150","article-title":"Regulation of wound healing and fibrosis by hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor-1","volume":"37","author":"Ruthenborg","year":"2014","journal-title":"Molecules Cells"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.145.6.1309","article-title":"Targeted disruption of the LAMA3 gene in mice reveals abnormalities in survival and late stage differentiation of epithelial cells","volume":"145","author":"Ryan","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.594586","article-title":"Enhanced skin incisional wound healing with intracellular ATP delivery via macrophage proliferation and direct collagen production","volume":"12","author":"Sarojini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar\/ilv016","article-title":"Porcine models of cutaneous wound healing","volume":"56","author":"Seaton","year":"2015","journal-title":"ILAR J."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0910538","article-title":"The paradox of the neutrophil's role in tissue injury","volume":"89","author":"Segel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Leukocyte Biol."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25137137","article-title":"Cutaneous wound healing and the effects of cannabidiol","volume":"25","author":"Shah","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2016.09.006","article-title":"Vasculitic and autoimmune wounds","volume":"5","author":"Shanmugam","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg Venous Lymphatic Disord."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2016.04.001","article-title":"Wound repair: a showcase for cell plasticity and migration","volume":"42","author":"Shaw","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cell Biol."},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113463","article-title":"Hypoxic ADSC-derived exosomes enhance wound healing in diabetic mice via delivery of circ-Snhg11 and induction of M2-like macrophage polarization","volume":"153","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicine Pharmacother = Biomedecine Pharmacotherapie"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1093\/rb\/rbz036","article-title":"A comparative study of two porous sponge scaffolds prepared by collagen derived from porcine skin and fish scales as burn wound dressings in a rabbit model","volume":"7","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Regener Biomater"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134914","article-title":"A diabetic emergency one million feet long: disparities and burdens of illness among diabetic foot ulcer cases within emergency departments in the United States, 2006\u20132010","volume":"10","author":"Skrepnek","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2016.08.013","article-title":"Recent trends in burn epidemiology worldwide: a systematic review","volume":"43","author":"Smolle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Burns: J. Int. Soc. For. Burn Injuries"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1159\/000454919","article-title":"Skin wound healing: an update on the current knowledge and concepts","volume":"58","author":"Sorg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. Surg. Res. Europaische Chirurgische Forschung Recherches Chirurgicales Europeennes"},{"key":"B149","first-page":"451","article-title":"Animal models in type 2 diabetes research: an overview","volume":"125","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02348.x","article-title":"Effect of acute hyperglycaemia and\/or hyperinsulinaemia on proinflammatory gene expression, cytokine production and neutrophil function in humans","volume":"25","author":"Stegenga","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetic Med."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2014.187","article-title":"Thermoneutral housing is a critical factor for immune function and diet-induced obesity in C57BL\/6 nude mice","volume":"39","author":"Stemmer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-475x.2001.00066.x","article-title":"The pig as a model for human wound healing","volume":"9","author":"Sullivan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Wound Repair Regeneration: Off. Publ. Wound Healing Soc. [and] Eur. Tissue Repair Soc."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2014.10.023","article-title":"The immunology of the porcine skin and its value as a model for human skin","volume":"66","author":"Summerfield","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13505","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0906670106","article-title":"The molecular basis for impaired hypoxia-induced VEGF expression in diabetic tissues","volume":"106","author":"Thangarajah","year":"2009","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-16438-0_2","article-title":"Sex and sex hormones mediate wound healing","volume-title":"Sex and gender differences in infection and treatments for infectious diseases","author":"Thomason","year":"2015"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics12080735","article-title":"Skin wound healing process and new emerging technologies for skin wound care and regeneration","volume":"12","author":"Tottoli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2014.0561","article-title":"Extracellular matrix and dermal fibroblast function in the healing wound","volume":"5","author":"Tracy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.15570\/actaapa.2019.15","article-title":"Cryosurgery to remove perichondrium for the rabbit ear hypertrophic scar model: a simplified method","volume":"28","author":"Tunca","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina Pannonica Et Adriatica"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2021.10.002","article-title":"Preparation and evaluation of wound healing activity of phytosomes of crocetin from Nyctanthes arbor-tristis in rats","volume":"12","author":"Varadkar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Traditional Complementary Med."},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000903700531","article-title":"The wound healing process: an overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms","volume":"37","author":"Velnar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2019.11.002","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome activity is required for wound healing after burns","volume":"217","author":"Vinaik","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trans. Research: J. Lab. Clin. Med."},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-08353-4_16","article-title":"Association of diabetic foot ulcer and death in a population-based cohort from the United Kingdom","volume":"33","author":"Walsh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetic Medicine: A J. Br. Diabetic Assoc."},{"key":"B163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12002","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103366","article-title":"Plasma endothelial cells-derived extracellular vesicles promote wound healing in diabetes through YAP and the PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR pathway","volume":"12","author":"Wei","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"B164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2366","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-5837fje","article-title":"Mast cells are required for normal healing of skin wounds in mice","volume":"20","author":"Weller","year":"2006","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"B165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.113207","article-title":"Dual effects of bisphenol a on wound healing, involvement of estrogen receptor \u03b2","volume":"231","author":"Wen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ. Saf."},{"key":"B166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2003.83.3.835","article-title":"Regulation of wound healing by growth factors and cytokines","volume":"83","author":"Werner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"B167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2014.0600","article-title":"Challenges and opportunities in drug delivery for wound healing","volume":"5","author":"Whittam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"B168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2012.0383","article-title":"Neutrophils and wound repair: positive actions and negative reactions","volume":"2","author":"Wilgus","year":"2013","journal-title":"Adv. Wound Care"},{"key":"B169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.200223","article-title":"Wound healing: cellular mechanisms and pathological outcomes","volume":"10","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Open Biol."},{"key":"B170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202305856","article-title":"Targeting grancalcin accelerates wound healing by improving angiogenesis in diabetes","volume":"11","author":"Xiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"B171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2014.08.002","article-title":"C. elegans epidermal wounding induces a mitochondrial ROS burst that promotes wound repair","volume":"31","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"B172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110700","article-title":"Bidirectional regulation of i-type lysozyme on cutaneous wound healing","volume":"131","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomedicine Pharmacother"},{"key":"B173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2957","DOI":"10.2147\/ccid.s428587","article-title":"Exploring the potential of hesperidin in preventing hypertrophic scars: insights from a rabbit ear model","volume":"16","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clinical Cosmetic Investigational Dermatol."},{"key":"B174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2017.5418","article-title":"Changes and significance of inflammatory cytokines in a rat model of cervical spondylosis","volume":"15","author":"Yin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"B175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-022-01354-4","article-title":"GelMA\/PEGDA microneedles patch loaded with HUVECs-derived exosomes and Tazarotene promote diabetic wound healing","volume":"20","author":"Yuan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nanobiotechnol"},{"key":"B176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-022-00824-4","article-title":"Neutrophil degranulation and myocardial infarction","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell. Communication Signaling: CCS"},{"key":"B177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103723","article-title":"Role for heat shock protein 90\u03b1 in the proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells and in the deep second-degree burn wound healing in mice","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-021-00455-w","article-title":"Effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on second-degree burn wound healing and FGF-2\/PDGF-BB\/PDGFR-\u03b2 pathway modulation","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"B179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2025.102670","article-title":"Mechano-matching hydrogel patch promotes myocardial infarction repair via YAP-bcl-2 pathway activation","volume":"36","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Mater. Today Bio"},{"key":"B180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/s0305-4179(03)00205-5","article-title":"The female, red duroc pig as an animal model of hypertrophic scarring and the potential role of the cones of skin","volume":"29","author":"Zhu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Burns: J. Int. Soc. For. Burn Injuries"},{"key":"B181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2017.12.009","article-title":"Skin wound healing in humans and mice: challenges in translational research","volume":"90","author":"Zomer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Dermatol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Physiology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2026.1800001\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T04:21:06Z","timestamp":1776313266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fphys.2026.1800001\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"references-count":181,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fphys.2026.1800001"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2026.1800001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-042X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-042X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"article-number":"1800001"}}