{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T02:25:27Z","timestamp":1777861527520,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2022R1A2C2005057, NRF-2022R1I1A1A01068652"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2022R1A2C2005057, NRF-2022R1I1A1A01068652"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Polygonum multiflorum (PM), a traditional medicinal herb, is renowned for its regenerative effects on hair growth; however, its therapeutic application has been largely confined to crude extracts. Recent advances have highlighted plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs) as natural carriers of bioactive molecules. This study aimed to evaluate the hair growth\u2013promoting potential of nanovesicles derived from the roots of Polygonum multiflorum (PM-NVs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PM-NVs were isolated from fresh PM roots using differential and density gradient ultracentrifugation. Their morphology was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Human dermal papilla cells (DPCs) were treated with PM-NVs to assess proliferation using the CCK-8 assay and \u03b2-catenin activation via Western blot and quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR).\n                      <jats:italic>Ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      cultured human hair follicles (HFs) were treated with PM-NVs to evaluate hair shaft elongation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PM-NVs were spherical and efficiently internalized by DPCs. Treatment with PM-NVs significantly increased DPC proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, upregulated \u03b2-catenin protein levels, promoted its nuclear translocation, and enhanced the expression of downstream target genes (\n                      <jats:italic>Axin2, Lef1<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>EP2<\/jats:italic>\n                      ).\n                      <jats:italic>Ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      , PM-NV treatment significantly enhanced human hair follicle elongation compared with controls, indicating stimulation of the hair growth phase.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PM-NVs derived from Polygonum multiflorum promote dermal papilla cell (DPC) proliferation and activate \u03b2-catenin signaling, resulting in enhanced hair shaft elongation ex vivo. These findings suggest that PM-NVs represent a natural, biocompatible nanovesicle-based approach for hair follicle regeneration and hold potential as a therapeutic option for alopecia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2026.1808764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T04:22:52Z","timestamp":1777522972000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bioinspired engineering of Polygonum multiflorum root nanovesicles regulates dermal papilla cells in vitro and stimulates human hair follicle growth ex vivo"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ramya Lakshmi","family":"Rajendran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prakash","family":"Gangadaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mi Hee","family":"Kwack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji Min","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chae Moon","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young Kwan","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Byeong-Cheol","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital","place":["Daegu, Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4216","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.102048","article-title":"\u03b2-catenin-mediated hair growth induction effect of 3,4,5-tri-O-caffeoylquinic acid","volume":"11","author":"Bejaoui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-8490.157957","article-title":"Review of clinical studies of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. and its isolated bioactive compounds","volume":"7","author":"Bounda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacogn. 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