{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T02:13:40Z","timestamp":1785291220114,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the real-world glycemic efficacy of Insulin Icodec in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and identify independent risk factors for hypoglycemia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study enrolled 139 T2DM patients treated with Insulin Icodec (May 2024\u2013December 2025). Glycemic efficacy was assessed by changes in HbA1c, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and target attainment rate (HbA1c &amp;lt;7.0%). Univariate analysis and Firth penalized logistic regression (correcting for rare-event bias) were used to identify hypoglycemia risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After 12-week treatment, median HbA1c decreased from 8.6% (IQR:7.5%\u20139.8%) to 6.9% (IQR:6.2%\u20137.8%) (Z=-10.246, P&amp;lt;0.001); target attainment rate was 58.3% (95%CI:49.7%\u2013 66.5%). Hypoglycemia occurred in 4 cases (incidence:2.9%). All 4 events were non-severe (Level 1 or 2). Firth penalized logistic regression identified age \u226565 years (OR\u00a0=\u00a05.83, 95%CI:1.09\u201331.02, P\u00a0=\u00a00.040) and combined use of \u22652 oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) (OR\u00a0=\u00a06.72, 95%CI:1.21\u201337.25, P\u00a0=\u00a00.029) as independent risk factors. No significant changes in liver\/kidney function were observed (all P&amp;gt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Insulin Icodec exerts robust glycemic-lowering effects with good short-term safety in T2DM patients. Age \u226565 years and combined use of multiple OADs were identified as potential risk factors for hypoglycemia, although these findings are exploratory given the small number of events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2026.1824651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T04:24:27Z","timestamp":1778473467000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Glycemic efficacy of insulin icodec and risk factors for hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a real-world study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Wanyan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology","place":["Luoyang, Henan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Researcher","place":["Xiamen, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqing","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital","place":["Xiamen, Fujian, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital","place":["Xiamen, Fujian, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4452","DOI":"10.1097\/MS9.0000000000003392","article-title":"Once-weekly insulin icodec vs. daily insulin glargine in type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis with longitudinal insights","volume":"87","author":"Ashraf","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ann. 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