{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T14:18:39Z","timestamp":1789395519635,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Physiol."],"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Military pilots are exposed to severe physiological challenges during their missions that may affect cognitive and physical performance. Therefore, continuous monitoring potentially provides critical insights about the impact of extreme condition exposure on the fitness to fly of military pilots.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We applied a textile-based monitoring system during training sessions with pilot aspirants to investigate the impact of hypobaric hypoxia and high G-force exposures on the signal quality obtained for a 1-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and chest excursions. The physiological variables considered were heart rate, heart rate variability, as well as respiratory frequency and respiratory amplitude.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n In general, 93.4% and 90.4% of the recorded ECG time segments during hypoxia and G-force exposure, respectively, were classified as plausible for further analysis. For respiratory data, 70.7% and 81.3% were classified as accurate for further data analysis and interpretation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n Detailed information about signal quality was found to be critical for assessing physiological variables recorded in extreme conditions, including distinguishing between intra- and interpersonal variability. Furthermore, the combination of various physiological signals allows for a more holistic interpretation of body responses, for the assessment of body tolerances and an early detection of possible physical and cognitive impairments.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2026.1911780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T13:21:31Z","timestamp":1789392091000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Monitoring military pilots with textile sensors: physiological responses and signal quality under extreme conditions"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Aline F.","family":"Renz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Empa, Swiss Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology","place":["St. Gallen, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren\u00e9 M.","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Empa, Swiss Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology","place":["St. Gallen, Switzerland"]},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH)","place":["Zurich, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederik","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Empa, Swiss Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology","place":["St. Gallen, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Stier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Armasuisse","place":["Bern, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Bron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aeromedical Center, Swiss Air Force","place":["Dubendorf, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Annaheim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Empa, Swiss Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology","place":["St. Gallen, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":"Physiologic challenges to pilots of modern high performance aircraft\n \n InTech\n Aircraft Technology\n \n 2018"},{"key":"B2","unstructured":"An aircraft pilot workload sensing system\n \n Cham\n Springer International Publishing\n Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering\n \n 2021"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.3390\/s20051468","article-title":"Comparison of motion artefact reduction methods and the implementation of adaptive motion artefact reduction in wearable electrocardiogram monitoring","volume":"20","author":"An","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.3357\/amhp.6319.2024","article-title":"Heart rate variability as a predictor of +Gz tolerance during the high-G selective test","volume":"95","author":"Bacevic","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aerosp. 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Aeronaut."},{"key":"B8","article-title":"Effectiveness of EMG in development of G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) warning system","author":"Choi","year":""},{"key":"B9","first-page":"466","article-title":"An investigation into the validity of sports wearables for heart rate monitoring in general","volume":"95","author":"Coffey","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aerosp. Med. Hum. Perform."},{"key":"B10","unstructured":"Real-time monitoring of military health and readiness: A perspective on future research\n \n \n \n De Vries\n H. J.\n \n \n Van Der Wal\n S. J.\n \n \n Delahaij\n R.\n \n \n Venrooij\n W.\n \n \n Kamphuis\n W.\n \n \n 10.3389\/fdgth.2025.1542140\n \n 2025"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s19112436","article-title":"Clinical applicability of a textile 1-lead ECG device for overnight monitoring","volume":"19","author":"Fontana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1177\/1541931218621237","article-title":"The wearer, the device, and its use: Advances in understanding the social acceptability of wearables","volume":"62","author":"Kelly","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc. Hum. Factors Ergon. Soc Annu. 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