{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T21:05:55Z","timestamp":1792530355168,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,20]],"date-time":"2018-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537401600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008815","name":"Libera Universit\u00e0 di Bolzano","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Project BIO_TOOL TN 1B07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project BIO_TOOL TN 1B07"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008815","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.01342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,21]],"date-time":"2018-09-21T02:29:01Z","timestamp":1537496941000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Use of Biostimulants for Organic Apple Production: Effects on Tree Growth, Yield, and Fruit Quality at Harvest and During Storage"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Soppelsa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Kelderer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Casera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Bassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Robatscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Andreotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2016.10.026","article-title":"The effects of aminoethoxyvinylglycine and foliar zinc treatments on pre-harvest drops and fruit quality attributes of jersey mac apples.","volume":"213","author":"Aglar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B2","year":"2018","journal-title":"WWW Document."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-204X2008000300007","article-title":"Yield and fruit quality of apple from conventional and organic production systems.","volume":"43","author":"Amarante","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pesqui. Agropecu\u00e1ria Bras"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.17660\/ActaHortic.2013.1012.153","article-title":"Tissue sampling method and mineral attributes to predict bitter pit occurrence in apple fruit: a multivariate approach.","volume":"1012","author":"Amarante","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Hortic."},{"key":"B5","article-title":"\u201cVitamin C in Juices and Vitamin Preparations,\u201d in","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proceedings of the 18th AOAC Official Methods of Analysis"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4238(01)00290-4","article-title":"Relationships between fruit nutrients and concentrations of flavonoids and chlorogenic acid in \u2018Elstar\u2019 apple skin.","volume":"92","author":"Awad","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2012.05.003","article-title":"Thiamine primed defense provides reliable alternative to systemic fungicide carbendazim against sheath blight disease in rice (Oryza sativa L.).","volume":"57","author":"Bahuguna","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2626","DOI":"10.1080\/10942912.2017.1381705","article-title":"Ascorbic acid content in apple pulp, peel, and monovarietal cloudy juices of 64 different cultivars.","volume":"20","author":"Bassi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Food Prop."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2015.09.012","article-title":"Seaweed extracts as biostimulants in horticulture.","volume":"196","author":"Battacharyya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.21273\/HORTSCI12266-17","article-title":"Prediction of bitter pit in \u2018Honeycrisp\u2019apples and best management implications.","volume":"52","author":"Baugher","year":"2017","journal-title":"HortScience"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2015.12.019","article-title":"Alternatives to phosphonates for fruit colouration.","volume":"198","author":"Blanke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2229-13-31","article-title":"Thiamine modulates metabolism of the phenylpropanoid pathway leading to enhanced resistance to Plasmopara viticola in grapevine.","volume":"13","author":"Boubakri","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2015.09.013","article-title":"Humic and fulvic acids as biostimulants in horticulture.","volume":"196","author":"Canellas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.02202","article-title":"Biostimulant action of protein hydrolysates: unraveling their effects on plant physiology and microbiome.","volume":"8","author":"Colla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2015.10.044","article-title":"Biostimulants in horticulture.","volume":"196","author":"Colla","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.17660\/eJHS.2017\/82.6.2","article-title":"Plant biostimulants: innovative tool for enhancing plant nutrition in organic farming.","volume":"82","author":"De Pascale","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Hortic. Sci."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.agsy.2011.12.004","article-title":"The crop yield gap between organic and conventional agriculture.","volume":"108","author":"de Ponti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Agric. Syst."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2015.09.021","article-title":"Plant biostimulants: definition, concept, main categories and regulation.","volume":"196","author":"du Jardin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-7353-1_4","article-title":"\u201cMultiple Comparisons between several treatments and a specified treatment,\u201d in","author":"Dunnett","year":"1985","journal-title":"Linear Statistical Inference"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1002\/jpln.200800174","article-title":"Biostimulant activity of two protein hydrolyzates in the growth and nitrogen metabolism of maize seedlings.","volume":"172","author":"Ertani","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40538-015-0039-z","article-title":"The use of organic biostimulants in hot pepper plants to help low input sustainable agriculture.","volume":"2","author":"Ertani","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chem. Biol. Technol. Agric."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.01159","article-title":"Transcriptome-wide identification of differentially expressed genes in Solanum lycopersicon L. in response to an alfalfa-protein hydrolysate using microarrays.","volume":"8","author":"Ertani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B23","year":"2018","journal-title":"WWW Document."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-5214(98)00089-1","article-title":"Preharvest factors affecting physiological disorders of fruit.","volume":"15","author":"Ferguson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Postharvest Biol. Technol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2017.12.054","article-title":"Effects of a biostimulant derived from the brown seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum on ripening dynamics and fruit quality of grapevines.","volume":"232","author":"Frioni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2018.02.024","article-title":"Ascophyllum nodosum extract biostimulants and their role in enhancing tolerance to drought stress in tomato plants.","volume":"126","author":"Go\u00f1i","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.00463","article-title":"Silicon and the plant extracellular matrix.","volume":"7","author":"Guerriero","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2013.00144","article-title":"Strategies to increase zinc deficiency tolerance and homeostasis in plants.","volume":"24","author":"Henriques","year":"2012","journal-title":"Braz. J. Plant Physiol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.1007\/s10811-015-0781-4","article-title":"Activity of seaweed extracts and polysaccharide-enriched extracts from Ulva lactuca and Padina gymnospora as growth promoters of tomato and mung bean plants.","volume":"28","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Herrera","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phycol."},{"key":"B30","year":"2018","journal-title":"WWW Document."},{"key":"B31","article-title":"Influence of nitrogen on the contents of carbohydrates and organic acids in apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) cv. \u2019Golden Delicious\u2019.","volume":"72","author":"Jakopic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Hortic. Sci."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.17660\/ActaHortic.2002.594.55","article-title":"The effect of calcium and zinc sprays on the texture of \u201cCox\u2019s Orange Pippin\u201d apples in controlled atmosphere storage.","volume":"594","author":"Johnson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Horticulturae"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1093\/jaoac\/88.5.1269","article-title":"Determination of total monomeric anthocyanin pigment content of fruit juices, beverages, natural colorants, and wines by the pH differential method: collaborative study.","volume":"88","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. AOAC Int."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules18021549","article-title":"Fruit coloration and anthocyanin biosynthesis after bag removal in non-red and red apples (Malus x domestica Borkh.).","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2014.03.022","article-title":"Effect on health promoting phytochemicals following seaweed application, in potato and onion crops grown under a low input agricultural system.","volume":"170","author":"Lola-Luz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006406527242","article-title":"Influence of nutrients and carbohydrate supply on the phenol composition of apple shoot cultures.","volume":"60","author":"Lux-Endrich","year":"2000","journal-title":"Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2017.09.012","article-title":"Growth, photosynthetic pigments, phenolic content and biological activities of Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Anethum graveolens L. and Pimpinella anisum L. (Apiaceae) in response to zinc.","volume":"109","author":"Majdoub","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ind. Crops Prod"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.17660\/ActaHortic.2002.594.44","article-title":"Effect of seaweed extracts-based leaf sprays on the mineral status, yield and fruit quality of apple.","volume":"594","author":"Malaguti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Horticulturae"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2016.01.033","article-title":"\u201cPhysiological quality\u201d of organically grown vegetables.","volume":"208","author":"Orsini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B40","first-page":"31","article-title":"Investigations on causes of Jonathan spot. I.","volume":"6","author":"Pais","year":"1970","journal-title":"Szolo Gyumolcstermesztes"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.02261","article-title":"Evaluation of a biostimulant (pepton) based in enzymatic hydrolyzed animal protein in comparison to seaweed extracts on root development, vegetative growth, flowering, and yield of gold cherry tomatoes grown under low stress ambient field conditions.","volume":"8","author":"Polo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2015.02.042","article-title":"Changes on grape phenolic composition induced by grapevine foliar applications of phenylalanine and urea.","volume":"180","author":"Portu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.00435","article-title":"A systematic approach to discover and characterize natural plant biostimulants.","volume":"7","author":"Povero","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(98)00315-3","article-title":"Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay.","volume":"26","author":"Re","year":"1999","journal-title":"Free Radic. Biol. Med."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.algal.2016.09.017","article-title":"Quantification of plant growth biostimulants, phloroglucinol and eckol, in four commercial seaweed liquid fertilizers and some by-products.","volume":"20","author":"Rengasamy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Algal Res."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/S1360-1385(97)01018-2","article-title":"Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds.","volume":"2","author":"Rice-Evans","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2017.09.007","article-title":"Foliar applications of a legume-derived protein hydrolysate elicit dose-dependent increases of growth, leaf mineral composition, yield and fruit quality in two greenhouse tomato cultivars.","volume":"226","author":"Rouphael","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2015.09.002","article-title":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi act as biostimulants in horticultural crops.","volume":"196","author":"Rouphael","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2008.07.021","article-title":"Strawberry fruit quality attributes after application of plant growth stimulating compounds.","volume":"119","author":"Roussos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-016-1207-7","article-title":"Relationship between growth, secondary metabolism, and resistance of apple.","volume":"4","author":"R\u00fchmann","year":"2002","journal-title":"Plant Biol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2015.08.042","article-title":"Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria act as biostimulants in horticulture.","volume":"196","author":"Ruzzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2014.05.021","article-title":"Vine growth, yield, berry quality attributes and leaf nutrient content of grapevines as influenced by seaweed extract (Ascophyllum nodosum) and nanosize fertilizer pulverizations.","volume":"175","author":"Sabir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2016.03.212","article-title":"Investigating organic molecules responsible of auxin-like activity of humic acid fraction extracted from vermicompost.","volume":"562","author":"Scaglia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11800","DOI":"10.1021\/jf802362g","article-title":"Effects of an alfalfa protein hydrolysate on the gene expression and activity of enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and nitrogen metabolism in Zea mays L.","volume":"56","author":"Schiavon","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11069","article-title":"Comparing the yields of organic and conventional agriculture.","volume":"485","author":"Seufert","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.3945\/an.112.002154","article-title":"Health benefits of fruits and vegetables.","volume":"3","author":"Slavin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprot.2015.03.017","article-title":"Quantitative changes in proteins responsible for flavonoid and anthocyanin biosynthesis in strawberry fruit at different ripening stages: a targeted quantitative proteomic investigation employing multiple reaction monitoring.","volume":"122","author":"Song","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Proteomics"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1080\/14620316.2009.11512610","article-title":"Perspectives on the use of a seaweed extract to moderate the negative effects of alternate bearing in apple trees.","volume":"84","author":"Spinelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Hortic. Sci. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2016.04.027","article-title":"Influence of growing sites and physicochemical features on the incidence of lenticel breakdown in \u2018Gala\u2019 and \u2018Galaxy\u2019 apples.","volume":"205","author":"Tessmer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B60","first-page":"65","article-title":"External stimulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in apple fruit.","volume":"2","author":"Ubi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Food Agric. Environ."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/horticulturae2030008","article-title":"The impact of production technology on plant phenolics.","volume":"2","author":"Veberic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Horticulturae"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1007\/s00344-012-9311-7","article-title":"Erratum to: regulation of phytohormone biosynthesis and accumulation in arabidopsis following treatment with commercial extract from the marine macroalga Ascophyllum nodosum.","volume":"32","author":"Wally","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Plant Growth Regul."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2007.10.015","article-title":"Fruit quality in \u2018Cripp\u2019s Pink\u2019 apple, especially colour, as affected by preharvest sprays of aminoethoxyvinylglycine and ethephon.","volume":"115","author":"Whale","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1021\/jf020782a","article-title":"Antioxidant activity of apple peels.","volume":"51","author":"Wolfe","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2014.12.004","article-title":"Effects of A. nodosum seaweed extracts on spinach growth, physiology and nutrition value under drought stress.","volume":"183","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Hortic."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2009.02.0090","article-title":"Optimizing dosages of seaweed extract-based cytokinins and zeatin riboside for improving creeping bentgrass heat tolerance.","volume":"50","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crop Sci."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Plant Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fpls.2018.01342\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T07:10:42Z","timestamp":1604992242000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fpls.2018.01342\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,20]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpls.2018.01342"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2018.01342","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-462X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-462X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,20]]},"article-number":"1342"}}