{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T21:37:15Z","timestamp":1782423435258,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Silvicultural practices greatly improve the economic value of wood products from forests. Stem dimensions, wood density, and stem form are closely linked to end-product performance. This research aimed to examine the effects of stand density and stem height on variables that reflect ring growth and wood properties of <jats:italic>Sassafras tzumu<\/jats:italic> stands during the self-thinning phase. Between the ages of 10 and 40 years, the number of stems per hectare has declined from 1,068 to 964 due to density-dependent mortality. As the relative stand density decreased, there were significant reductions in the average tree ring width (5.07\u20133.51 mm) and increases in latewood proportions (49.88\u201353.49%) and the density of the annual growth ring (165.60\u2013708.58 kg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>). Therefore, ring density, earlywood density, and latewood density increased with decreasing relative stand density after self-thinning occurred. Ring width, earlywood width, and latewood width significantly increased from the base to the apex of the stem. Stand density and stem height had additive effects on <jats:italic>S. tzumu<\/jats:italic> wood properties during the self-thinning phase. A shift in the growth allocation along the longitudinal stem in response to self-thinning resulted in decreasing radial growth, increasing wood density, and improved stem form. In summary, we found a significant influence of stand density on tree ring growth, wood quality, and stem form of <jats:italic>S. tzumu<\/jats:italic> trees during the self-thinning phase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.853968","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,3]],"date-time":"2022-06-03T07:18:48Z","timestamp":1654240728000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Variation in Growth, Wood Density, and Stem Taper Along the Stem in Self-Thinning Stands of Sassafras tzumu"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Songfeng","family":"Diao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honggang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David I.","family":"Forrester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alvaro A. 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