{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T22:16:34Z","timestamp":1781561794793,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]],"date-time":"2022-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31003A-141117\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31003A-141117\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31003A-162555"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31003A-162555"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Swiss National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31003A-140911"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31003A-140911"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Insufficient dietary intake of micronutrients contributes to the onset of deficiencies termed hidden hunger\u2014a global health problem affecting approximately 2 billion people. Vitamin B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (thiamine) and vitamin B<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub> (pyridoxine) are essential micronutrients because of their roles as enzymatic cofactors in all organisms. Metabolic engineering attempts to biofortify rice endosperm\u2014a poor source of several micronutrients leading to deficiencies when consumed monotonously\u2014have led to only minimal improvements in vitamin B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and B<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub> contents. To determine if rice germplasm could be exploited for biofortification of rice endosperm, we screened 59 genetically diverse accessions under greenhouse conditions for variation in vitamin B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and vitamin B<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub> contents across three tissue types (leaves, unpolished and polished grain). Accessions from low, intermediate and high vitamin categories that had similar vitamin levels in two greenhouse experiments were chosen for in-depth vitamer profiling and selected biosynthesis gene expression analyses. Vitamin B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and B<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub> contents in polished seeds varied almost 4-fold. Genes encoding select vitamin B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and B<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub> biosynthesis <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> enzymes (<jats:italic>THIC<\/jats:italic> for vitamin B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>, <jats:italic>PDX1.3a<\/jats:italic>\u2013<jats:italic>c<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>PDX2<\/jats:italic> for vitamin B<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>) were differentially expressed in leaves across accessions contrasting in their respective vitamin contents. These expression levels did not correlate with leaf and unpolished seed vitamin contents, except for <jats:italic>THIC<\/jats:italic> expression in leaves that was positively correlated with total vitamin B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> contents in polished seeds. This study expands our knowledge of diversity in micronutrient traits in rice germplasm and provides insights into the expression of genes for vitamin B<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and B<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub> biosynthesis in rice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.856880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]],"date-time":"2022-04-04T11:15:09Z","timestamp":1649070909000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Natural Variation in Vitamin B1 and Vitamin B6 Contents in Rice Germplasm"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Mangel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jared B.","family":"Fudge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilhelm","family":"Gruissem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa B.","family":"Fitzpatrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herv\u00e9","family":"Vanderschuren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.104.058693","article-title":"Vitamin B1 functions as an activator of plant disease resistance","volume":"138","author":"Ahn","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.106.092627","article-title":"Vitamin B1-induced priming is dependent on hydrogen peroxide and the NPR1 gene in Arabidopsis","volume":"143","author":"Ahn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2020.02.002","article-title":"Vitamin B6 in acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion","volume":"42","author":"Akiyama","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Dev."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.105106","article-title":"Antiretroviral therapy provided to HIV-infected Malawian women in a randomized trial diminishes the positive effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements on breast-milk B vitamins","volume":"102","author":"Allen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. 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