{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T16:18:55Z","timestamp":1791908335183,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RSP2022R483"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RSP2022R483"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Copper (Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>) toxicity can inhibit plant growth and development. It has been shown that silicon (Si) can relieve Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> stress. However, it is unclear how Si-nanoparticles (SiNPs) relieve Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> stress in wheat seedlings. Therefore, the current study was conducted by setting up four treatments: CK, SiNP: (2.5 mM), Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>: (500 \u00b5M), and SiNP+Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>: (2.5 mM SiNP+500 \u00b5M Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>) to explore whether SiNPs can alleviate Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> toxicity in wheat seedlings. The results showed that Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> stress hampered root and shoot growth and accumulated high Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentrations in roots (45.35 mg\/kg) and shoots (25.70 mg\/kg) of wheat as compared to control treatment. Moreover, Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> treatment inhibited photosynthetic traits and chlorophyll contents as well as disturbed the antioxidant defense system by accumulating malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxidase (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) contents. However, SiNPs treatment increased root length and shoot height by 15.1% and 22%, respectively, under Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> toxicity. Moreover, SiNPs application decreased MDA and H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> contents by 31.25% and 19.25%, respectively. SiNPs increased non-enzymatic compounds such as ascorbic acid-glutathione (AsA-GSH) and enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbic peroxidase (APX) activities by 77.5%, 141.7%, 68%, and 80%, respectively. Furthermore, SiNPs decreased Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentrations in shoots by 26.2%, as compared to Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> treatment alone. The results concluded that SiNPs could alleviate Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> stress in wheat seedlings. The present investigation may help to increase wheat production in Cu<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> contaminated soils.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.986991","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]],"date-time":"2022-10-13T10:39:28Z","timestamp":1665657568000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Effect of nano-silicon on the regulation of ascorbate-glutathione contents, antioxidant defense system and growth of copper stressed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Riaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaopeng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Kamran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveed","family":"Ur Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Freddy","family":"Mora-Poblete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Maldonado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Hamzah Saleem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aasma","family":"Parveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Ahmed Al-Ghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad M.","family":"Al-Hemaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shafaqat","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed S.","family":"Elshikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8148","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-4496-5","article-title":"The effect of excess copper on growth and physiology of important food crops: A review","volume":"22","author":"Adrees","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ. 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