{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T14:34:29Z","timestamp":1772807669216,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693526400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>As a multifunctional tree species, <jats:italic>Cyclocarya paliurus<\/jats:italic> leaves are rich in bioactive substances with precious healthy values. To meet the huge requirement of <jats:italic>C. paliurus<\/jats:italic> leaf production, sites with some environmental stresses would be potential land for developing its plantations due to the limitation of land resources in China. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S) are common gas messengers used to alleviate abiotic stress damage, whereas the mechanism of these messengers in regulating salt resistance of <jats:italic>C. paliurus<\/jats:italic> still remains unclear. We performed a comprehensive study to reveal the physiological response and molecular regulatory mechanism of <jats:italic>C. paliurus<\/jats:italic> seedlings to the application of exogenous NO and H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S under salt stress. The results showed that the application of sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) not only maintained the photosynthetic capacity and reduced the loss of leaf biomass, but also promoted endogenous NO synthesis and reduced oxidative damage by activating antioxidant enzyme activity and increasing the content of soluble protein and flavonoids. Moreover, transcriptome and metabolome analysis indicated the expression of genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cytochromeP450 (CYP), chalcone synthase (CHS), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR) and flavonol synthase (FLS) in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway was all up-regulated by the application of NO and H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S. Meanwhile, 15 transcriptional factors (TFs) such as WRKY, ERF, bHLH and HY5 induced by NO were found to regulated the activities of several key enzymes in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway under salt stress, via the constructed co-expression network. Our findings revealed the underlying mechanism of NO and H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>S to alleviate salt stress and regulate flavonoid biosynthesis, which provides a theoretical basis for establishing <jats:italic>C. paliurus<\/jats:italic> plantations in the salt stress areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2023.1211162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T07:10:12Z","timestamp":1693552212000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Physiological response and molecular regulatory mechanism reveal a positive role of nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide applications in salt tolerance of Cyclocarya paliurus"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zijie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengzuo","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4368","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200800985","article-title":"Differential modulation of S-nitrosoproteome of Brassica juncea by low temperature: change in S-nitrosylation of RuBisCO is responsible for the inactivation of its carboxylase activity","volume":"9","author":"Abat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2020.07.003","article-title":"Exogenous nitric oxide requires endogenous hydrogen sulfide to induce the resilience through sulfur assimilation in tomato seedlings under hexavalent chromium toxicity","volume":"155","author":"Alamri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. 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