{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T19:19:30Z","timestamp":1778181570158,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]],"date-time":"2024-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706227200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Phytophthora infestans<\/jats:italic>, the causative agent of late blight disease, has gained notoriety for its destructive potential, leading to substantial losses in potato yields. Although conventional systemic fungicides have been shown to be effective in controlling plant pathogens, growing environmental concerns have prompted the need for more integrated disease management approaches. Hence, in this study, the effectiveness of wild <jats:italic>Origanum elongatum<\/jats:italic> extracts as biopesticides was explored in controlling <jats:italic>P. infestans<\/jats:italic> and potentially mitigating its devastating impact <jats:italic>in planta<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aerial parts of <jats:italic>O. elongatum<\/jats:italic> were subjected to sequential extraction using water, hexane, chloroform, and methanol. The obtained extracts were tested <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> through the poisoned food procedure for their capacity to obstruct <jats:italic>P. infestans<\/jats:italic> growth and to defeat potato blight severity <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. The phyto-contents (total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC)), as well as the antioxidant activities, were spectrophotometrically determined in all extracts, and the phytoconstituents of the most active extract (methanolic extract) were profiled <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> high-performance liquid chromatography\u2013photodiode array\u2013tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC\u2013PDA\u2013MS\/MS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>, the complete inhibition rate of the <jats:italic>P. infestans<\/jats:italic> was obtained using the methanolic extract at 5 mg\/mL, followed by the hexane and chloroform extracts at 10 mg\/mL. Interestingly, complete inhibition of the pathogen was achieved upon the application of the aqueous extract at 10 mg\/mL. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>, the aqueous extract at 25 mg\/mL reduced the <jats:italic>P. infestans<\/jats:italic> severity rate to 27.25%, while the methanolic extract at 20 mg\/mL led to the lowest severity rate. Moreover, the hexane and chloroform extracts impaired the pathogen severity rate to 50% and 41% using 20 mg\/mL, respectively. The TPC and TFC in the extracts were variable with high concentrations detected in the methanolic extract with 485.42 mg GAE\/g and 58.24 mg QE\/g, respectively. In addition, the methanolic extract showed the highest antioxidant activities, while the chloroform extract exhibited the lowest activity. Liquid chromatography (LC)\u2013MS\/MS analysis of the methanol extract revealed 56 components from diverse classes. These included organic acids, phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, and coumarins.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest that <jats:italic>O. elongatum<\/jats:italic> could be investigated as a potential source of antifungal compounds targeting different phytopathogens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2024.1278538","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]],"date-time":"2024-01-26T04:18:54Z","timestamp":1706242734000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Chemical composition, antioxidant properties, and antifungal activity of wild Origanum elongatum extracts against Phytophthora infestans"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Amal","family":"Hari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ghizlane","family":"Echchgadda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatima-Azzahra","family":"Darkaoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noamane","family":"Taarji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nihad","family":"Sahri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mansour","family":"Sobeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Said","family":"Ezrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salah-Eddine","family":"Laasli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meryem","family":"Benjelloun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachid","family":"Lahlali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6658593","article-title":"Phytochemistry, toxicology, and pharmacological properties of origanum elongatum","volume":"2021","author":"Abdelaali","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evidence-Based Complementary Altern. 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