{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T22:52:05Z","timestamp":1793746325720,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) plays a crucial role in lignin biosynthesis, and the gene family encoding various CAD isozymes has been cloned and characterized in numerous plant species. However, limited information regarding the <jats:italic>CAD<\/jats:italic> gene family in tobacco is currently available. In this study, we identified 10 <jats:italic>CAD<\/jats:italic> genes in <jats:italic>Nicotiana tabacum<\/jats:italic>, four in <jats:italic>N. tomentosiformis<\/jats:italic>, and six in <jats:italic>N. sylvestris<\/jats:italic>. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of these tobacco CADs demonstrate high levels of similarity, whereas the putative protein sequences conservatively possessed two Zn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> binding motifs and an NADP(H) cofactor binding motif. Both NtCAD1 and NtCAD2 had conservative substrate binding sites, similar to those possessed by <jats:italic>bona fide<\/jats:italic> CADs, and evidence from phylogenetic analysis as well as expression profiling supported their role as <jats:italic>bona fide<\/jats:italic> CADs involved in lignin biosynthesis. NtCAD1 has two paralogous genes, <jats:italic>NtCAD1\u20131<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>NtCAD1\u20132<\/jats:italic>. Enzyme activity analysis revealed that NtCAD1\u20131 and NtCAD1\u20132 had a high affinity to coniferyl aldehyde, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-coumaryl aldehyde, and sinapyl aldehyde, whereas NtCAD2 preferred coniferyl aldehyde and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>-coumaryl aldehyde as substrates. The kinetic parameter assay revealed that NtCAD1\u20132 functions as the most efficient enzyme. Downregulation of both NtCAD1\u20131 and NtCAD1\u20132 resulted in reddish-brown stems without significant changes in lignin content. Furthermore, NtCAD1\u20131, NtCAD1\u20132, and NtCAD2 showed distinct expression patterns in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as different phytohormones. Our findings suggest that NtCAD1\u20131 and NtCAD1\u20132 are involved in lignin biosynthesis, with NtCAD1\u20132 also participating in both biological and abiotic stresses, whereas NtCAD2 plays a distinct role mainly in responding to biological and abiotic stresses in tobacco.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2024.1400213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T08:19:31Z","timestamp":1720426771000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Genome-wide identification of the CAD gene family and functional analysis of putative bona fide CAD genes in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Mingzhu","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yijun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengtai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiyu","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lijie","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaobei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zefeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2229-9-26","article-title":"The cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene family in Populus: phylogeny, organization, and expression","volume":"9","author":"Barakat","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2229-10-100","article-title":"Phylogeny and expression profiling of CAD and CAD-like genes in hybrid Populus (P. deltoides \u00d7 P. nigra): evidence from herbivore damage for subfunctionalization and functional divergence","volume":"10","author":"Barakat","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006182925584","article-title":"Down-regulation of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase in transgenic alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and the effect on lignin composition and digestibility","volume":"39","author":"Baucher","year":"1999","journal-title":"Plant Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.112.4.1479","article-title":"Red xylem and higher lignin extractability by down-regulating a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase in Poplar","volume":"112","author":"Baucher","year":"1996","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0010(199804)76:4<505::AID-JSFA981>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Effect of down-regulation of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase on cell wall composition and on degradability of tobacco stems","volume":"76","author":"Bernard Vailh\u00e9","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Sci. Food Agric."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.106.044495","article-title":"Flavonoid accumulation in Arabidopsis repressed in lignin synthesis affects auxin transport and plant growth","volume":"19","author":"Besseau","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plant Cell."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.104.029983","article-title":"Structural and kinetic basis for substrate selectivity in Populus tremuloides sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase","volume":"17","author":"Bomati","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plant Cell."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6223","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/ers275","article-title":"Phylogeny and structure of the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene family in Brachypodium distachyon","volume":"63","author":"Bukh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2018.12.012","article-title":"Structural features and regulation of lignin deposited upon biotic and abiotic stresses","volume":"56","author":"Cesarino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.2001.01140.x","article-title":"Strong decrease in lignin content without significant alteration of plant development is induced by simultaneous down-regulation of cinnamoyl CoA reductase (CCR) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) in tobacco plants","volume":"28","author":"Chabannes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2022.07.008","article-title":"Systematic functional characterization of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase family members revealed their functional divergence in lignin biosynthesis and stress responses in mulberry","volume":"186","author":"Chao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plant Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-014-2128-9","article-title":"Molecular cloning and functional analysis of nine cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase family members in Populus tomentosa","volume":"240","author":"Chao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1467-7652.2003.00040.x","article-title":"Improved forage digestibility of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) by transgenic down-regulation of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase","volume":"1","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2023.114691","article-title":"A new simple and effective method for PLRV infection to screen for virus resistance in potato","volume":"315","author":"Cowan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s11103-005-0947-6","article-title":"Metabolite profiling reveals a role for atypical cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase CAD1 in the synthesis of coniferyl alcohol in tobacco xylem","volume":"59","author":"Damiani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plant Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1093\/mp\/ssr097","article-title":"Altered lignin biosynthesis improves cellulosic bioethanol production in transgenic maize plants down-regulated for cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase","volume":"5","author":"Fornal\u00e9","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol. Plant"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01160711","article-title":"Purification and characterization of isoforms of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase from Eucalyptus xylem","volume":"188","author":"Goffner","year":"1992","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(73)80123-1","article-title":"Three novel enzymes involved in the reduction of ferulic acid to coniferyl alcohol in higher plants: ferulate: CoA ligase, feruloyl-CoA reductase and coniferyl alcohol oxidoreductase","volume":"31","author":"Gross","year":"1973","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-006-0468-9","article-title":"Differential expression of phenylpropanoid and related genes in brown-midrib bm1, bm2, bm3, and bm4 young near-isogenic maize plants","volume":"226","author":"Guillaumie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-010-9378-3","article-title":"Evolution of the cinnamyl\/sinapyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD\/SAD) gene family: the emergence of real lignin is associated with the origin of bona fide CAD","volume":"71","author":"Guo","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mol. Evol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-313X.1998.00153.x","article-title":"Brown-midrib maize (bm1)-a mutation affecting the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene","volume":"14","author":"Halpin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.98.1.12","article-title":"Purification and characterization of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase from tobacco stems","volume":"98","author":"Halpin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-1656(94)90006-X","article-title":"Redbrown colour of lignified tissues of transgenic plants with antisense CAD gene: Wine-red lignin from coniferaldehyde","volume":"37","author":"Higuchi","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-011-1142-7","article-title":"OsCAD2 is the major CAD gene responsible for monolignol biosynthesis in rice culm","volume":"31","author":"Hirano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plant Cell Rep."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14010026","article-title":"Identification and functional analysis of CAD gene family in pomegranate (Punica granatum)","volume":"14","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Genes (Basel)"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0101730","article-title":"The cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene family in melon (Cucumis melo L.): bioinformatic analysis and expression patterns","volume":"9","author":"Jin","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0307987100","article-title":"Functional reclassification of the putative cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase multigene family in Arabidopsis","volume":"101","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-010-0864-2","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene from sweet potato in response to plant developmental stage and environmental stress","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Plant Cell Rep."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tpg2.20278","article-title":"Brown midrib mutant and genome-wide association analysis uncover lignin genes for disease resistance in maize","volume":"16","author":"Kolkman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Genome"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/30.1.325","article-title":"PlantCARE, a database of plant cis-acting regulatory elements and a portal to tools for in silico analysis of promoter sequences","volume":"30","author":"Lescot","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2008.03457.x","article-title":"Improvement of biomass through lignin modification","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1007\/s11103-008-9448-8","article-title":"FLEXIBLE CULM 1 encoding a cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase controls culm mechanical strength in rice","volume":"69","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant Mol. Biol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19020335","article-title":"Lignins: biosynthesis and biological functions in plants","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.15108","article-title":"Rewired phenolic metabolism and improved saccharification efficiency of a Zea mays cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (zmcad2) mutant","volume":"105","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plant J."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2735","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erq107","article-title":"Functional analysis of a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase involved in lignin biosynthesis in wheat","volume":"61","author":"Ma","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Exp. Bot."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.98.4.1364","article-title":"Purification, characterization, and cloning of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.)","volume":"98","author":"O\u2019malley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-017-2828-z","article-title":"The effect of altered lignin composition on mechanical properties of CINNAMYL ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE (CAD) deficient poplars","volume":"247","author":"\u00d6zparpucu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23102659","article-title":"Biochemical characterization of the rice cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene family","volume":"23","author":"Park","year":"2018","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jplph.2017.11.015","article-title":"The cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase family in flax: Differentiation during plant growth and under stress conditions","volume":"221","author":"Preisner","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Plant Physiol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.103.026484","article-title":"Genome-wide characterization of the lignification toolbox in Arabidopsis","volume":"133","author":"Raes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.01142","article-title":"Biomass and bioenergy potential of brown midrib sweet sorghum germplasm","volume":"10","author":"Rivera-Burgos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408355101","article-title":"Complex early genes","volume":"102","author":"Roy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msl159","article-title":"Patterns of intron loss and gain in plants: intron loss-dominated evolution and genome-wide comparison of O. sativa and A. thaliana","volume":"24","author":"Roy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/s12155-010-9106-2","article-title":"Switchgrass contains two cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases involved in lignin formation","volume":"4","author":"Saathoff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bioenerg. Res."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.108.098996","article-title":"A Genomewide analysis of the cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase family in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] identifes SbCAD2 as the Brown midrib6 Gene","volume":"181","author":"Saballos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.109.136408","article-title":"A nonsense mutation in a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase gene is responsible for the Sorghum brown midrib6 phenotype","volume":"150","author":"Sattler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1007\/s00438-010-0511-1","article-title":"Stable internal reference genes for normalization of real-time RT-PCR in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) during development and abiotic stress","volume":"283","author":"Schmidt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol. Genet. Genomics"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1007\/s004250050072","article-title":"Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopic evidence for the incorporation of cinnamaldehydes into the lignin of transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants with reduced expression of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase","volume":"201","author":"Stewart","year":"1997","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19071911","article-title":"Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a meta\/para-O-Methyltransferase from Lycoris aurea","volume":"19","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-004-1385-4","article-title":"Structure of the cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase gene family in rice and promoter activity of a member associated with lignification","volume":"220","author":"Tobias","year":"2005","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6750-13-61","article-title":"Functional characterization of cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase in Brachypodium distachyon","volume":"13","author":"Trabucco","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Biotechnol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2019.02.018","article-title":"Lignin biosynthesis and its integration into metabolism","volume":"56","author":"Vanholme","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"W296","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky427","article-title":"SWISS-MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes","volume":"46","author":"Waterhouse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines8030388","article-title":"Overexpression of VviPGIP1 and NtCAD14 in tobacco screened using glycan microarrays reveals cell wall reorganisation in the absence of fungal infection","volume":"8","author":"Weiller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2645","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.13579","article-title":"Cold stress activates disease resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana through a salicylic acid dependent pathway","volume":"42","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Cell Environ."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1039\/b601672c","article-title":"Crystal structures and catalytic mechanism of the Arabidopsis cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases AtCAD5 and AtCAD4","volume":"4","author":"Youn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Org. Biomol. Chem."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1071\/FP18106","article-title":"The roles of methyl jasmonate to stress in plants","volume":"46","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s13205-022-03208-0","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of the CAD gene family reveals two bona fide CAD genes in oil palm","volume":"12","author":"Yusuf","year":"2022","journal-title":"3 Biotech."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.105.073007","article-title":"GOLD HULL AND INTERNODE2 encodes a primarily multifunctional cinnamyl-alcohol dehydrogenase in rice","volume":"140","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Physiol."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12050626","article-title":"Molecular cloning and functional analysis of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase from santalum album","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genes"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Plant Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpls.2024.1400213\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T08:19:36Z","timestamp":1720426776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpls.2024.1400213\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpls.2024.1400213"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2024.1400213","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-462X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-462X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"article-number":"1400213"}}