{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T16:55:17Z","timestamp":1773939317107,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Plant Sci."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tomato production is often limited by poor soil health and nutrient deficits, which lower agricultural productivity. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) provide a sustainable approach to improve plant development and soil fertility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objectives of this study were to 1) isolate and screen PGPR from the rhizosphere soil of tomato-growing regions in Himachal Pradesh, India; 2) evaluate the selected PGPR for biofilm production; 3) characterize and molecularly identify the biofilm-producing isolates; and 4) assess their efficacy in enhancing tomato plant growth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty bacterial isolates were collected from soils in Dharon Ki Dhar, Shillai, Balh, and Berthin and tested for PGPR characteristics. These included phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, and the production of hydrogen cyanide, ammonia, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Siderophore production and biofilm formation were also assessed. The most potent biofilm-producing isolates were identified using 16S rDNA sequencing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the isolates, 28 solubilized phosphate (up to 91.2% with MB-7), 26 fixed nitrogen, 18 produced hydrogen cyanide, and 16 produced ammonia. All isolates produced IAA, with MB-7 and BB-3 producing the highest quantities (89.1 and 85.1 \u00b5g\/mL, respectively). BB-3 exhibited the highest percentage of siderophore production (86.2%). BB-3 and MB-7 were potent biofilm producers. Molecular analysis identified BB-3 as <jats:italic>Brucella rhizosphaerae<\/jats:italic> and MB-7 as <jats:italic>Delftia lacustris<\/jats:italic>. Inoculation with <jats:italic>D. lacustris<\/jats:italic> greatly enhanced tomato plant growth\u2014plant height increased by 49.14%, shoot fresh weight increased by 32.47%, and root length increased by 45.00%\u2014as compared to uninoculated control.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>D. lacustris<\/jats:italic> shows significant potential as a bioinoculant for increasing tomato plant growth and can potentially be used effectively in sustainable agriculture approaches.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2025.1610707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T01:29:39Z","timestamp":1751333379000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Biofilmed multifarious rhizobacterial isolates of tomato rhizosphere of North-Western Himalayas promote plant growth in tomato"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shubham","family":"Kaundal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Neerja","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yashwant","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saleh S.","family":"Alhewairini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jayanthi","family":"Barasarathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farah Farhanah","family":"Haron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nazih Y.","family":"Rebouh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2, 173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2006.04.001","article-title":"Screening of free-living rhizospheric bacteria for their multiple plant growth promoting activities","volume":"163","author":"Ahmad","year":"2008","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1, 112","DOI":"10.3390\/d15010112","article-title":"Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) with biofilm-forming ability: a multifaceted agent for sustainable agriculture","volume":"15","author":"Ajijah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Divers"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmpp.2024.102376","article-title":"Molecular Characterization and Biodiversity Analysis of Botrytis cinerea, a Grey Mould of Tomato, and its Antagonism Using Local Bacillus subtilis","volume":"133","author":"Alkilayh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.4236\/aim.2018.83016","article-title":"Biofilm development, plant growth promoting traits and rhizosphere colonization by Pseudomonas entomophila FAP1: a promising PGPR","author":"Ansari","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Microbiol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12, 3855","DOI":"10.1007\/s13762-020-03045-9","article-title":"Pseudomonas azotoformans FAP5, a novel biofilm-forming PGPR strain, alleviates drought stress in wheat plant","volume":"18","author":"Ansari","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"B6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Plant growth promotion and nutrient mobilization by indigenous bacteria from soil under long term wheat and maize cultivation in district Bhimber","volume":"60","author":"Asghar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pak. J. Agric. Sci."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2018.01473","article-title":"Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria: context, mechanisms of action, and roadmap to commercialization of biostimulants for sustainable agriculture","volume":"9","author":"Backer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4, 451","DOI":"10.1016\/0038-0717(87)90037-X","article-title":"Microbial cyanide production in the rhizosphere in relation to potato yield reduction and Pseudomonas spp-mediated plant growth-stimulation","volume":"19","author":"Bakker","year":"1987","journal-title":"Soil Biol. Biochem."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9, 212","DOI":"10.5897\/AJMR","article-title":"Screening groundnut rhizobia for multiple plant growth promoting activities in Ethiopia","volume":"17","author":"Beshah","year":"2023","journal-title":"Afr. J. Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rsci.2024.08.008","article-title":"Biofilmed-PGPR: A next-generation bioinoculant for plant growth promotion in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under changing climate","volume":"32","author":"Bright","year":"2025","journal-title":"Rice Sci."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2024.105591","article-title":"Biofilm-forming microorganisms in the rhizosphere to improve plant growth: Coping with abiotic stress and environmental pollution","volume":"202","author":"Brokate","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15, 114997","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114997","article-title":"& Lim H.R. Microbial nanovesicle and extracellular polymeric substances mediate nickel tolerance and remediate heavy metal ions from soil","volume":"219","author":"Budamagunta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Res."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6, 996","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.22.6.996-1006.1985","article-title":"Adherence of coagulase negative Staphylococci to plastic tissue culture plates: a quantitative model for the adherence of Staphylococci to medical devices","volume":"22","author":"Christensen","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A.3C.1","DOI":"10.1002\/9780471729259.2006.00.issue-1","article-title":"Gram staining","volume":"29","author":"Coico","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Microbiol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jph.13399","article-title":"Harnessing plant growth-promoting and wilt-controlling biopotential of a consortium of actinomycetes and mycorrhizae in pigeon pea","volume":"172","author":"Dave","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Phytopathol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egg.2024.100303","article-title":"Assessing the drought-tolerance and growth-promoting potential of strawberry (Fragaria\u00d7 ananassa Duch.) rhizobacteria for consortium bioformulation","volume":"33","author":"Dhiman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ecol. Genet. Genom."},{"key":"B17","first-page":"13","article-title":"Effect of phosphate-solublizing Pseudomonas putida on the growth of maize and its survival in the rhizosphere","volume":"11","author":"Edi Premono","year":"1996"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2024.1494987","article-title":"Applying microbial biostimulants and drought-tolerant genotypes to enhance barley growth and yield under drought stress","volume":"15","author":"Ferioun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-16-0045-6_12","article-title":"Role of microbial biofilms in agriculture: perspectives on plant and soil health","volume":"12","author":"Gogoi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbial. Polymers: Appl. Ecol. Perspect."},{"key":"B20","first-page":"1","article-title":"Statistical procedures for agricultural research","volume":"83","author":"Gomez","year":"1984","journal-title":"John Wiley Sons"},{"key":"B21","first-page":"37","article-title":"Quantitative measurement of IAA","volume":"10","author":"Gordon","year":"1957","journal-title":"Physiol. Plant"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01373828","article-title":"Diagnostic features in the characterisation of the root-nodule bacteria of legumes","volume":"20","author":"Graham","year":"1964","journal-title":"Plant Soil"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119246329.ch2","article-title":"Role of PGPR in biofilm formations and its importance in plant health","volume":"27","author":"Gupta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biofilms Plant Soil Health"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.542053","article-title":"Biofilm producing rhizobacteria with multiple plant growth-promoting traits promote growth of tomato under water-deficit stress","volume":"11","author":"Haque","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3, 129","DOI":"10.4103\/jgid.jgid_150_19","article-title":"Detection of biofilm production and its impact on antibiotic resistance profile of bacterial isolates from chronic wound infections","volume":"12","author":"Harika","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Glob. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2, 277","DOI":"10.1007\/s12298-023-01280-1","article-title":"Biofilm formation and flocculation potential analysis of halotolerant Bacillus tequilensis and its inoculation in soil to mitigate salinity stress of chickpea","volume":"29","author":"Haroon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8876","DOI":"10.3390\/su12218876","article-title":"Exo-polysaccharides producing bacteria for the amelioration of drought stress in wheat","volume":"12","author":"Ilyas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1, 14","DOI":"10.31989\/ffhd.v14i1.1259","article-title":"Assessment of vitamin-and mineral-content stability of tomato fruits as a potential raw material to produce functional food","volume":"14","author":"Irina","year":"2024","journal-title":"FFHD"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/FP24277","article-title":"Assessing the synergistic effects of biochar, hydrogel, and biofertilizer on growth and physiological traits of wheat in saline environments","volume":"52","author":"Jabborova","year":"2025","journal-title":"Funct. Plant Biol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9437","DOI":"10.3390\/su13169437","article-title":"Effect of different mineral fertilizers on turmeric rhizome mineral nutrients and soil properties under field condition","volume":"13","author":"Jabborova","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"B31","first-page":"151","volume-title":"Soil chemical analysis","author":"Jackson","year":"1973"},{"key":"B32","first-page":"491","article-title":"Statistically designed bioprocess for enhanced production of alkaline protease in bacillus cereus HP_RZ17","volume":"79","author":"Jadhav","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Sci. Ind. Res."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4, 195","DOI":"10.1128\/br.18.4.195-214.1954","article-title":"The azotobacteriaceae","volume":"18","author":"Jensen","year":"1954","journal-title":"Bacteriol. Rev."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4945850","article-title":"Identification and characterisation of potential biofertilizer bacterial strains","author":"Karag\u00f6z","year":"2016"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12088-025-01446-3","article-title":"Valorization of coconut shell and blue berries seed waste into enhance bacterial enzyme production: co-fermentation and co-cultivation strategies","author":"Khan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Indian J Microbiol"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.9.1.59-77.1924","article-title":"Correlation of citrate utilization by members of the colon-aerogenes group with other differential characteristics and with habitat","author":"Koser","year":"1924","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1, 1567","DOI":"10.51470\/PLANTARCHIVES.2021.v21.S1.247","article-title":"Estimation of plant growth hormone (IAA) production ability by bradyrhizobium strains isolated from root nodules of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan)","volume":"21","author":"Kumar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plant Arch."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2016.00876","article-title":"Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and silicon synergistically enhance salinity tolerance of mung bean","volume":"7","author":"Mahmood","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Plant Sci."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491206","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/491206","article-title":"Technologies for beneficial microorganisms inocula used as biofertilizers","volume":"1","author":"Malusa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"key":"B40","volume-title":"Marschner\u2019s mineral nutrition of higher plants","author":"Marschner","year":"2012"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2136\/sssaj1951.036159950015000C0026x","article-title":"Exchangeability of soil potassium in the sand, silt, and clay fractions as influenced by the nature of the complementary exchangeable cation","volume":"15","author":"Merwin","year":"1951","journal-title":"Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.3390\/horticulturae7120588","article-title":"Biofertilizer application enhances drought stress tolerance and alters the antioxidant enzymes in medicinal pumpkin (C.pepo convar. pepo var. Styriaca)","volume":"7","author":"Najafi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hortic"},{"key":"B43","volume-title":"Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate (No. 939)","author":"Olsen","year":"1954"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3316","DOI":"10.3390\/plants11233316","article-title":"Exploring the plant growth-promotion of four Streptomyces strains from rhizosphere soil to enhance cucumber growth and yield","volume":"11","author":"Omar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s42398-018-0005-3","article-title":"Modified chrome azurol S method for detection and estimation of siderophores having affinity for metal ions other than iron Fe","author":"Patel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ. Sustain."},{"key":"B46","first-page":"2, 456","article-title":"Impact of metal ions on the biofilm formation of PGPR and its implications for agricultural applications","volume":"134","author":"Patel","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Appl. Microbiol."},{"key":"B47","first-page":"287, 77","article-title":"Mobilization of phosphorus in soil in connection with vital activity of some microbial species","volume":"17","author":"Pikovskaya","year":"1948","journal-title":"Plant Soil."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.202400569","article-title":"Harnessing trichoderma asperellum: tri-trophic interactions for enhanced black gram growth and root rot resilience","volume":"65","author":"Praveen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Basic Microbiol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822012000300046","article-title":"Bacterial exopolysaccharide and biofilm formation stimulate chickpea growth and soil aggregation under salt stress","volume":"43","author":"Qurashi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Braz. J. Microbiol."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1, 15546","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-66562-4","article-title":"Unlocking the potential of biofilm-forming plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for growth and yield enhancement in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)","volume":"14","author":"Rafique","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-99977-9.00003-X","article-title":"Plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria and their biofilms in promoting sustainable agriculture and soil health","volume-title":"Understanding Microbial Biofilms","author":"Rani","year":"2023"},{"key":"B52","volume-title":"Rhizobacterium and Legume Root Nodulation","author":"Rao","year":"1999"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsoil.2019.02.009","article-title":"Growth promotion of greenhouse tomatoes with Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. biofilms and planktonic cells","volume":"138","author":"Ricci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl. Soil Ecol."},{"key":"B54","first-page":"6","volume-title":"Molecular cloning: A laboratory manual","author":"Sambrook","year":"1989"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-19-4124-5_18","article-title":"Symbiotic Effectiveness of Rhizobium Strains in Agriculture","volume-title":"Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms of Arid Region: Status and Prospects","author":"Saranraj","year":"2023"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.35709\/ory.2019.56.2","article-title":"Biochemical characterization of Bacillus species isolated from rice rhizosphere in Odisha","volume":"59","author":"Sawant","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oryza"},{"key":"B57","first-page":"175","volume-title":"Plausible role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in future Climatic Scenario","author":"Sayyed","year":"2018"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1, 47","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90612-9","article-title":"Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophores","volume":"160","author":"Schwyn","year":"1987","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s10725-025-01294-7","article-title":"Enhancing soil health and crop productivity: The role of zinc-solubilizing bacteria in sustainable agriculture","volume":"105","author":"Sethi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plant Growth Regul"},{"key":"B60","first-page":"274","article-title":"Production, purification and kinetics of chitinase of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolated from rhizospheric soil","volume":"56","author":"Shaikh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J. @ Exp. Biol."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00344-024-11430-8","article-title":"Physiological and genomic elucidation of cold-resilient rhizobacteria reveals plant growth promotion by siderophore optimization and enhanced biocontrol potential against fungal pathogens","volume":"8","author":"Sharma","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Plant Growth Regul."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193672","DOI":"10.1101\/193672","article-title":"Isolation of phosphate solubilizing Pseudomonas strains from apple rhizosphere in the Trans Himalayan region of Himachal Pradesh, India","volume":"5","author":"Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"BioRxiv"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.56557\/ajrib\/2019\/v2i14","article-title":"Isolation, screening, optimisation, characterisation of siderophore producing bacteria from plant rhizosphere","volume":"2","author":"Soundaryaa","year":"2019","journal-title":"AJRiB"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8, 891","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2007.apm_630.x","article-title":"Quantification of biofilm in microtiter plates: overview of testing conditions and practical recommendations for assessment of biofilm production by Staphylococci","volume":"115","author":"Stepanovic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Apmis"},{"key":"B65","first-page":"259","article-title":"A rapid procedure for estimation of available nitrogen in soil","volume":"25","author":"Subbiah","year":"1956","journal-title":"Curr. Sci."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejsobi.2012.12.008","article-title":"Evaluating the influence of novel cyanobacterial biofilmed biofertilizers on soil fertility and plant nutrition in wheat","volume":"55","author":"Swarnalakshmi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Soil Biol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197","article-title":"MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0","volume":"30","author":"Tamura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evolution"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-024-02435-7","article-title":"Z and mastinu A. Rhizosphere engineering of biocontrol agents enriches soil microbial diversity and effectively controls root-knot nematode","volume":"87","author":"Vinothini","year":"2024","journal-title":"Microbial. Ecol."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00010694-193401000-00003","article-title":"An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method","volume":"37","author":"Walkley","year":"1934","journal-title":"Soil Sci."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2105\/9780875530024","article-title":"Standard methods for the examination of dairy products","volume":"18","author":"Wehr","year":"2004","journal-title":"APHA"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcab.2024.103320","article-title":"Effect of macrophyte biomass-based vermicompost and vermicompost tea on plant growth, productivity, and biocontrol of Fusarium wilt disease in tomato","volume":"60","author":"Yatoo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.14621","article-title":"Dominance of Bacillus species in the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) rhizosphere and their plant growth promoting potential under salt stress conditions","volume":"11","author":"Zahra","year":"2023","journal-title":"PeerJ"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2025.1658793","type":"corrigendum","label":"Corrigendum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,25]],"date-time":"2025-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753401600000}}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Plant Science"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpls.2025.1610707\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,24]],"date-time":"2025-07-24T10:58:40Z","timestamp":1753354720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpls.2025.1610707\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"references-count":72,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpls.2025.1610707"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2025.1610707","relation":{"corrigendum":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3389\/fpls.2025.1658793","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1664-462X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-462X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"article-number":"1610707"}}